MCITP Guide To Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
Chapter 3 Configuring the Windows Server 2008 Environment
Learning Objectives
Use Server Manager and ServerManagerCmd.exe to manage a server Install and remove server roles Configure server hardware Configure the operating system Understand and configure the Registry
MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008, Server Administration (Exam #70-646)
Learning Objectives (contd.)

Use the Security Configuration Wizard to harden a server Install and use Windows PowerShell
Using Server Manager

Server Manager
Consolidates administrative functions
Roles Summary feature

Displays log information
Two panels
Left panel Roles, Features, Diagnostics, Configuration, torage Right panel Server Summary, Roles Summary, Features Summary, Resources and Support
Figure 3-1 Server Manager window

Courtesy Course Technology/Cengage Learning
Using Server Manager (contd.)

Actions panel
Shown when drilling-down into functions
Activity 3-1: Getting to Know Server Manager

Objective: Learn how to start and use Server Manager
Figure 3-2 Starting Server Manager

Installing and Removing Server Roles

Common roles
File server Print server
Roles change over time Activity 3-2: Installing and Removing Two Server Roles
Objective: Install and then remove the File Services and Print Services roles in Windows Server 2008
Using ServerManagerCmd.exe
ServerManagerCmd.exe
Command-line tool for managing server roles Manage features to be added/removed Run parameters in XML answer file
Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (contd.)

Activities supported by ServerManagerCmd.exe:
Install and remove roles or features Determine installed roles and features Use whatif option Restart computer Specify features to install with role Use XML-based answer file to install or remove roles
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Executed from command line
Access Command Prompt window from Administrator account Roles and features identified by IDs
Activity 3-3: Running ServerManagerCmd.exe

Objective: Use the ServerManagerCmd.exe command to install and query server roles
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Table 3-1 ServerManagerCmd.exe options
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Table 3-2 Major IDs for server roles
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Configuring Server Hardware Devices

Both Plug and Play and Add Hardware Wizard used Hardware includes:
Disk drives Disk controllers Network adapters CD/DVD drives Keyboard Pointing devices Monitor
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Plug and Play

Ability to automatically detect and configure newly installed hardware devices PnP must be
Built into device Enabled in BIOS Built into operating system kernel
Almost universally supported
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard

Use Add Hardware Wizard
Manually launch PnP Manually install without PnP Troubleshoot problems with existing hardware
Start from Control Panel

Control Panel Home vs. Classic View In Classic View:
Double-click Add Hardware applet
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Figure 3-4 Selecting the Add Hardware applet to start the Add Hardware Wizard
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Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Device Manager
Resources include interrupt request (IRQ) line, I/O address, and reserved memory range Resource conflicts can occur Use Device Manager to check for conflicts and examine properties
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Other uses:
Verify if installed hardware is working properly Update device drivers Disable a device Uninstall a device Configure the settings for a device
Activity 3-4: Resolving a Resource Conflict

Objective: Use Device Manager to resolve a resource conflict
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Figure 3-5 Device Manager

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Driver Signing
Digital signature used to verify a driver Warning when driver device not signed Unsigned device drivers cannot be loaded in x64 versions
Using the System File Checker

Scan system files for integrity Activity 3-5: Manually Running the System File Checker
Objective: Use the System File Checker to verify system files
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Figure 3-6 Running System File Checker

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Using Sigverif to Verify System and Critical Files
Only scans files Does not overwrite inappropriate files Activity 3-6: Verifying Critical Files for a Signature
Objective: Use Sigverif to find unsigned files
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Figure 3-7 Scanning with Sigverif

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Configuring the Operating System

Configure to:
Optimize performance Meet specific requirements
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Configuring Performance Options

Basic areas:
Processor scheduling and memory usage Virtual memory Memory for network performance
Configuring Processor Scheduling and Data Execution Prevention

Background services Programs Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
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Configuring Performance Options

Activity 3-7: Configuring Processor Scheduling and DEP
Figure 3-9 Configuring Data Execution Prevention

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Configuring Performance Options (contd.)

Configuring Virtual Memory
Virtual memory Paging Paging file
Location
Activity 3-8: Configuring the Paging File

Objective: Learn where to configure the initial and maximum size of the paging file
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Figure 3-10 Configuring virtual memory

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Configuring Direct Memory Access for Hard Disks
Transfer modes: Program Input/Output (PIO) and Direct Memory Access (DMA) Activity 3-9: Configuring the DMA Transfer Mode
Objective: Determine the transfer mode used by a hard drive and set it to DMA, if necessary
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Configuring Environment Variables

Tell operating system where to find programs, allocate memory, and control programs Categories
System environment variables User environment variables
Activity 3-10: Configuring System and Environment Variables

Objective: Learn where to configure system and user environment variables
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Configuring Startup and Recovery

System startup options:
Default operating system Display list of operating systems Display list of recovery options
System failure options:

Writing to system log (cannot be disabled) Start automatically after failure How and where to write debugging information
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Configuring Startup and Recovery (contd.)

Activity 3-11: Configuring Startup and Recovery
Objective: Configure startup and recovery options
Figure 3-12 Configuring a system startup option

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Configuring Power Options

Select power plan Require wakeup password Choose power button function
Shut down, do nothing, or hibernate
Create power plan When to turn off display Activity 3-12: Configuring Power Options
Objective: Configure the balanced power plan
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Configuring Power Options (contd.)
Figure 3-13 Power Options dialog box

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Installing a Protocol
Microsoft Virtual Network Switch Protocol
Used when Hyper-V role installed
Reliable Multicast Protocol

Used for multimedia transmissions
Activity 3-13: Installing a Protocol

Objective: Learn to install a protocol
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Installing a Protocol (contd.)
Figure 3-14 Selecting to install a protocol

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Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry

Windows Server 2008 Registry
Database containing information for operating system Examples of data in Registry
Registry Editor
Lunched from Start button Run option Type regedit32 or regedit
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Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (contd.)
Figure 3-15 Registry Editor

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Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (contd.)

Precautions when editing Registry
Establish group of administrators who can access and modify
Remove this permission from other users
Edit Registry as last resort Back up Registry regularly Never copy Registry from one computer to another
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Registry Contents
Hierarchical structure
Keys Subkeys Entries
Root keys (subtrees):

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE HKEY_CURRENT_USER HKEY_USERS HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
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HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
Information on every hardware component in the server Subkeys:
BCD00000000, COMPONENTS, HARDWARE, SAM, SECURITY, SOFTWARE, and SYSTEM
Hives
Set of subkeys with related information
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HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Contains information about desktop setup
For account presently logged on to server console
Example changes:
Environment parameter governing where application temporary files are stored Delay in the response of the keyboard
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HKEY_USERS
Contains profile information for each user who has logged onto the computer Each profile listed under root key
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HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
Holds data to associate file extensions with programs
Used as defaults for all users who log on to Windows Server 2008
Can modify for particular user under HKEY_USERS
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HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
Information about the current hardware profile Only one default hardware profile on most servers Activity 3-14: Using the Registry Editor
Objective: Practice using the Registry Editor to view the Registry contents
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Using the Security Configuration Wizard

Analyze and configure security settings Adjusts security settings to match roles Establish security policy using:
GUI interactive wizard Database Command-line tool scwcmd
Activity 3-15: Using SCW to Configure a Security Policy

Objective: Create a new security policy
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Using the Security Configuration Wizard (contd.)
Figure 3-18 Creating a new security policy

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Using the Security Configuration Wizard (contd.)

Activity 3-16: Using scwcmd
Objective: View security policy settings using the scwcmd command-line command
Table 3-3 scwcmd command-line options

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Windows PowerShell
Script
File of commands
cmdlets
Specialized commands for completing common tasks in PowerShell
PowerShell tasks Installing PowerShell Activity 3-17: Using Windows PowerShell

Objective: Use traditional Command Prompt commands and cmdlets in Windows PowerShell
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Summary
Server Manager
Tool used to install and remove roles, features, and other administrative functions Command line-version of Server Manager
ServerManagerCmd.exe
Tune performance by configuring processor scheduling, memory use, and virtual memory Configure power options Control Panel used to install and uninstall protocols
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Summary (contd.)
Registry database
Holds information for Windows system Organized by keys, subkeys, and entries
Security Configuration Wizard analyzes security options for installed roles Windows PowerShell
Used to manage server with commands, cmdlets, and scripts
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MCITP Guide To Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

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MCITP Guide to Microsoft Windows Server 2008 Server Administration (Exam #70-646)

Chapter 3 Configuring the Windows Server 2008 Environment

Learning Objectives (contd.)

Using Server Manager

Roles Summary feature

Figure 3-1 Server Manager window

Using Server Manager (contd.)

Activity 3-1: Getting to Know Server Manager

Figure 3-2 Starting Server Manager

Installing and Removing Server Roles

Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (contd.)

Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (contd.)

Activity 3-3: Running ServerManagerCmd.exe

Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (contd.)

Table 3-1 ServerManagerCmd.exe options

Using ServerManagerCmd.exe (contd.)

Table 3-2 Major IDs for server roles

Configuring Server Hardware Devices

Plug and Play

Almost universally supported

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard

Start from Control Panel

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Activity 3-4: Resolving a Resource Conflict

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Figure 3-5 Device Manager

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Using the System File Checker

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Figure 3-6 Running System File Checker

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Using Control Panel and the Add Hardware Wizard (contd.)

Figure 3-7 Scanning with Sigverif

Configuring the Operating System

Configuring Performance Options

Configuring Processor Scheduling and Data Execution Prevention

Configuring Performance Options

Figure 3-9 Configuring Data Execution Prevention

Configuring Performance Options (contd.)

Activity 3-8: Configuring the Paging File

Configuring Performance Options (contd.)

Figure 3-10 Configuring virtual memory

Configuring Performance Options (contd.)

Configuring Environment Variables

Activity 3-10: Configuring System and Environment Variables

Configuring Startup and Recovery

System failure options:

Configuring Startup and Recovery (contd.)

Figure 3-12 Configuring a system startup option

Configuring Power Options

Configuring Power Options (contd.)

Figure 3-13 Power Options dialog box

Reliable Multicast Protocol

Activity 3-13: Installing a Protocol

Installing a Protocol (contd.)

Figure 3-14 Selecting to install a protocol

Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry

Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (contd.)

Figure 3-15 Registry Editor

Understanding the Windows Server 2008 Registry (contd.)

Root keys (subtrees):

Can modify for particular user under HKEY_USERS