Teaching of Mathematics for Year 4 Primary School

TOPIC 1- WHOLE NUMBERS

Murugiah Velayutham/ TCG

How do you define Number?

A number is an idea that represents a quantity. What does a group of four chairs and a group of four people have in common? The symbols that we see, write or touch when representing numbers are called numerals. Hind-Arab numeral: 0, 1,2,. Roman numeral: I, II, IV,IX..

Murugiah Velayutham/ TCG

Numbers-Definition according to its roles A number is. Cardinal numbers: How much or how many. 1, 5, 10,100 etc. Ordinal numbers: Order, position. 1st, 2nd, 3rd. Nominal numbers: Labels,
identification.

651225-08-1234, 016-1234567
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TOPIC 1 WHOLE NUMBERS

INTRODUCTION:

Most of the operations in this module will cover the content area of whole numbers up to 100,000.

We need to teach children (i) to recognize, read and write whole numbers within the range of 100,000 (ii) to learn on place value and round off whole numbers within the same range

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1. Reading & Writing Whole Numbers:

(a) Recognising & Reading Whole Numbers - Before the students can read, they have to recognise the whole numbers - How could we make them do it??? * Count numbers in groups of ten thousands Six times a ten thousand is sixty thousands. Ten times a ten thousand is one hundred thousands
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1. Reading & Writing Whole Numbers:

(b)

Writing Whole Numbers to 100,000 - How could we make our students write whole numbers till 100,000???
Thousand Hundred Ten One Hundred Ten One

- Give students the numbers in words - Ask them to read and then write the number in the table above....... Ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and ninety nine
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1. Reading & Writing Whole Numbers:

(c) Reading Whole Numbers to 100,000 * Add the word and after hundred Eg:8,106 Eight thousand one hundred and six.

Eg:67,324 Sixty seven thousand three hundred and twenty four

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2. Place Value:
(a) Knowing Place Value of Numbers to up to 100,000
* Combine all digits in words * Add the word and after hundred Eg: 67,324 : Sixty seven thousand three hundred

and twenty four

Thousand Hundred Ten 6 One 7 3 2 4 Hundred Ten One

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2. Place Value:

(a) Comparing Numbers Algorithm to compare two numbers (i) If Digit Place Value (DPV) for both data is equal Bigger number = number with bigger first digit (ii) If Digit Place Value (DPV) for both data is not equal Bigger number = number that has bigger DPV
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2. Place Value:
(b) Arranging Number: (i) Ascending Order (Count On) Small value Big value
4 Steps to do listing (Count On)

1.
2. 3. 4.

Compare the numbers Select the smallest number Place the smallest number on the left Repeat Step 3 until ALL data have been listed in line. 546120 546130 546140 546150
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2. Place Value:
(b) Arranging Number: (ii) Descending Order (Count Back) Big value Small value
4 Steps to do listing (Count On)

1.
2. 3. 4.

Compare the numbers Select the biggest number Place the biggest number on the left Repeat Step 3 until ALL data have been listed in line. 546150 546140 546130 546120
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We taught Year 4 pupils to estimate quantities of objects up to 100000. Students should acquire skills in (i) Estimation: Guess logically
Can you estimate the number of guests in the field. I can estimate quite accurately the number of nut in the packet.

(ii) Approximation: Rounding off

BMW 320 is approximately RM 230,000
This bungalow is about RM 2 million
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3. Rounding Off Whole Numbers: - It is useful to round off a whole number - Rounding off whole number is not exact, it is a round number - When the actual number of objects is not needed, we can round off - It is to figure out an estimated amount of the quantity
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3. Rounding Off Whole Numbers:

How to Round Off Numbers???
Steps to round off a whole number to a specific place value: Step 1: Locate the digit in the rounding place. Look at the right digit Step 2: Is the digit greater than or lesser than 5? If more than 5, add 1 to the rounding digit else add 0 Step 3: Replace all zeros to the right digit
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3. Rounding Off Whole Numbers:

Example: Round 94,762 to nearest thousand (i) Locate the rounding place that is thousand: Digit 4. Then look at the digit at the right, 7. (ii) Digit 7 is greater than 5, add 1 to 4 (rounding digit). (iii) Replace with zeros to the right digit. The answer is 95,000

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Addition and Subtraction

(i) Understand addition as combining two groups of objects. (ii) Understand subtraction as take away or difference between two groups of objects. (iii) Recognize subtraction as the inverse of addition.

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Addition & Subtraction: -The numbers of place value are arranged in

the same column. -Add from right to left. Leaving one digit of the sum and regroup whatever no more than one digit to the left column.
th hu ten one
1

th hu ten one

1 4 9 7 1 + 1 4 2 2 2 2 9 1 9 3

31 4 9 7 - 1 4 2 2 3 0 0 75
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Multiplication & division

Multiplication as Repeated Addition.
Multiplication operation as an array or rectangular display. Division- Sharing equally Division -Repeated subtraction

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Multiplication Algorithm
Algorithm 1 1 6 4 x 6 9 8 4 Algorithm 2 1 6 4 x 6 2 4 3 6 6 9 8 4 Algorithm 3 1 6 4 x 6 2 4 3 6 0 6 0 0 9 8 4

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Division Algorithm
Algorithm 1 Algorithm 2 3 0 3 0 3 1 2 2 3 0 0 5 0 5 0 5 1 4
20

1 9 7 2 2

3 3 3 1 2 2

3 5

5 1 4

1 7 9 7 2 2

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Multiplication & Division in Everyday Life

Example 1: There are 25 packets of sweets and in each packet there are 142 sweets. How many sweets are there altogether? 142 x 25

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Example 2: 3550 sweets are to be divided into 25 packets. How many sweets are there in each packets? 142 25 3 5 5 0 -25 1 05 -1 00 50 -50 0
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Multiplication & Division in Everyday Life

Mixed Operations with addition and Subtraction

How do we calculate mixed operations? We start calculating from left to right Example 1: 55 + 29 34= Example 2: 53 -28 + 56 =

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