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What is a polygon?
What are the different types of polygons?
Convex polygon: all the sides are pushed outward. Concave polygon: at least two sides are pushed inward. Regular polygon: all the sides have the same length and their angles are all the same size.
fact:
Congruent polygons are polygons that have the same size and the same shape. Congruent shapes have all their sides and angles congruent.
fact:
Notice how the second figures have the same shape and size of the first they match exactly.
(2) Rectangle
Different size
(3) Pentagon
Enlargement
Properties:
(1) In polygons, the size of angles does not change.
Original
Copy
Original
Copy
Original
Copy
2X
Example 2: The triangles CAT and DOG are similar. The larger triangle is an enlargement of the smaller triangle. How long is side GO?
T 1.5 cm 2 cm A 3 cm 3 cm O C G ? cm
6 cm
Each side and its enlargement form a pair of sides called corresponding sides.
(1) Corresponding side of TC --> (2) Corresponding side of CA--> (3) Corresponding side of TA--> GD DO
GO
T
2 cm 1.5 cm A 3 cm 6 cm 3 cm
? cm O
(1) Each side in the larger triangle is twice the size of the corresponding side in the smaller triangle. (2) Now, lets find the length of side GO i) What side is corresponding side of GO? TA ii) What is the size-change factor? 2X iii) Therefore, GO= size-change factor x TA iv) So, GO= 2 x 2 = 4 cm
Similar polygons
Corresponding side
Size-change factor
Example 1: Quadrangles ABCD and EFGH are similar. How long is side AD? How long is side GH?
12 4= 3 & 18 6=3
H
15 cm
E D
? cm 12cm
?cm
A
(4) What is corresponding side of GH? CD (5) How long is side GH? 7 x 3 = GH, GH = 21
4cm 7cm
C B
6cm
18 cm
Example 2 : Figure MORE is similar to Figure SALT. Select the right answer with the one of the given values below.
(1) The length of segment TL. a. 6 cm b. 6.5 cm c. 7 cm d. 7.5 cm (2) ER corresponds to this segment. a. TS b. TL c. AL d. SA (3) EM corresponds to this segment. a. TS b. TL c. SA d. AL
Congruent polygons are polygons that have congruent congruent the same size and the same shape.
Similar polygons are polygons that have similar the same shape. similar