IEEE 802.

21 MEDIA INDEPENDENT HANDOVER DCN: 21-06-0706-00-0000

Title: IEEE P802.21 Tutorial

Date Submitted: July 17, 2006 Presented at IEEE 802.21 session #15 in San Diego, CA Authors or Source(s): Vivek Gupta

Abstract: IEEE P802.21 is the 802 standard for handover services. This tutorial helps communicate the architecture and definition of these services.
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IEEE 802.21 presentation release statements This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE 802.21 Working Group. It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual(s) or organization(s). The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor(s) reserve(s) the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein. The contributor grants a free, irrevocable license to the IEEE to incorporate material contained in this contribution, and any modifications thereof, in the creation of an IEEE Standards publication; to copyright in the IEEEs name any IEEE Standards publication even though it may include portions of this contribution; and at the IEEEs sole discretion to permit others to reproduce in whole or in part the resulting IEEE Standards publication. The contributor also acknowledges and accepts that this contribution may be made public by IEEE 802.21. The contributor is familiar with IEEE patent policy, as outlined in Section 6.3 of the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual <http://standards.ieee.org/guides/opman/sect6.html#6.3> and in Understanding Patent Issues During IEEE Standards Development http://standards.ieee.org/board/pat/guide.html>

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IEEE 802.21 Overview of Standard for Media Independent Handover Services

IEEE 802 Plenary, San Diego Tuesday, July 18 2006, 7:30 PM
Vivek Gupta Michael G Williams DJ Johnston Stephen McCann Phil Barber Yoshihiro Ohba

Key Contributors
Ronny Kim
(802.11 and 802.16 Amendments)

Dave Stephenson

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

2013-11-09

How it all started.

Handover Tutorial: Nov 2002

http://www.ieee802.org/16/arc/802-handoff/msg00001.html
IEEE 802 Tutorial: "Handoff Mechanisms and their Role in IEEE 802 Wireless Standards 11 November 2002, 6:30-9:30 pm Organized by Roger Marks and Brian Kiernan Co-sponsored by 802.16, 802.11, 802.15 Attendance: approximately 250 Abstract and Speaker Details http://ieee802.org/16/tutorial/T80216-02_03.pdf

Presentation Materials http://ieee802.org/16/tutorial/T80216-02_04.zip

Speakers Steve Dick, InterDigital Communications Avi Freedman, Hexagon System Engineering Joe Kwak, InterDigital Communications (T1P1 Representative) Bob O'Hara, Black Storm Networks (Editor, P802.11F Inter-Access Point Protocol) Richard Paine, Boeing (Chair, 802.11 Radio Resource Measurement Study Group) Charles Perkins, Nokia (Editor of numerous IEEE IP Mobility documents) TK Tan, Philips Semiconductors (Chair, Wireless LAN Interworking Group [802/ETSI/ARIB])
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How it all started Rogers Email: Feb 2003

From: Roger B. Marks [mailto:r.b.marks@ieee.org] Sent: Wednesday, February 12, 2003 03:29 PM To: stds-802-handoff@ieee.org

Subject: stds-802-handoff: Call for Interest on "IEEE 802 Handoff Mechanism" for March Dear 802 Handoff Reflector: The 802 Handoff Call for Interest has been scheduled for 6-7:30 pm on Tuesday March 11. Based on discussions I have had, I believe that there is interest in this topic. However, the reflector has been quiet, and no one has volunteered any input or commented on my proposed agenda (see below). So, please let me know (preferably via the reflector): *Do you think that 802 ought to be thinking about a common handoff approach? *Is it time to start a Study Group? *Would you attend the Call for Interest? *Would you want to be a presenter at the Call for Interest? *If so, what would you say? Roger
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Problems.
Incorrect Network Selection
Ability of a device to choose its connection was hopeless. You could often connect at L2, but not at the network layer. The PC would often connect to the wrong one of many available APs, based on signal strength criteria alone.

Increasing number of interfaces on devices

Problem could extend to cover multiple interfaces.

Various fast handover mechanisms in IETF

MIPv4, FMIPv6

IETF anticipated L2 constructs in standardized form

Triggers, events, hints etc, but 802 was not providing them in a standard form or a media independent form
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Initial Thinking..
Develop common standard across 802 media
Define L2 Triggers to make FMIP work well Define media independent information to enable my laptop to detect and select networks effectively Define a way to transport this information and these triggers over all 802 media

CFI with some initial slides : http://www.ieee802.org/21/archived_docs/Documents/80 2_Handoff_CFIr1.pdf

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The Use Case

Internet

802.16

802.11

802.3

Headed out of the building

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Undocked & walking around

My Desk

The ECSG Experience

People wanted cellular inter-working also 802.11 and 802.16 were ready and willing to develop text to work with 802.21 Wired+wireless was desired

Security is hard. Steer clear of it for now.

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802.21 Prehistory
i
Jan 2003
802 Handover Tutorial CFI. 802 Handover ECSG Formed by SEC

p
March 2003

i
May 2003

p
July 2003

i
Sept 2003

p
Nov 2003

i
Jan 2004

p
Mar 2004

First Meeting of ECSG

PAR & 5C Submission EC PAR Approval

Initial WG Meeting

CFI : http://www.ieee802.org/21/archived_docs/Documents/802_Handoff_CFIr1.pdf ECSG Docs :http://www.ieee802.org/21/archived_docs/

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Semi-Official Logo

Thanks to Eric Jacobson

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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Need for Handovers

Multi-Radio Networking Evolution

Multiple Wireless Technologies
More Capable Devices Evolving Usage Models
Multi-radio operation is becoming the Norm
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Need for Handovers

Types of Handovers
Homogeneous (Horizontal) Handovers
Within Single Network (Localized Mobility)
802.11r, 802.16e, 3GPP, 3GPP2

Limited opportunities

Heterogeneous (Vertical) Handovers

Across Different Networks (Global Mobility)
More Opportunistic IEEE 802.21 is primarily for Vertical Handovers .can also be used for Homogeneous Handovers
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Need for Handovers

Genesis for 802.21

Handover Initiation
Scope of 802.21

Handover Preparation

Handover Execution

Search New Link

Network Discovery Network Selection Handover Negotiation

Setup New Link

Layer 2 Connectivity IP Connectivity

Transfer Connection
Handover Signaling Context Transfer Packet Reception

IEEE 802.21 helps with Handover Initiation, Network Selection and Interface Activation
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Need for Handovers

Handover Standards
802.11r 802.16e

VCC

I-WLAN SAE-LTE

3GPP/2
Inter-working & Handover Signaling
MIP
NETLMM

IEEE 802.21

IEEE
Horizontal Handovers

SIP

FMIP IP Mobility & Handover Signaling

DNA

HIP MIPSHOP

IETF

Provides 802 component to other Handover Standards

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802.21 Overview

IEEE 802.21 Standard Media Independent Handover Services

Optimize Layer 3 and above Handovers

Across 802 Networks and extend to Cellular Networks (802.3 <> 802.11 <> 802.16 <> Cellular)

Key Benefits
Optimum Network Selection Seamless Roaming to Maintain Connections Lower Power operation for Multi-Radio devices

For More Information: www.ieee802.org/21

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802.21 Overview

IEEE 802.21 Membership

Orlando Mar 2004 ~40

Sessions
Session #1

Session #5
Session #9 Session #11 Session #15

San Antonio
Vancouver San Diego

Nov 2004
Nov 2005 July 2006

48
55 66 74

San Francisco July 2005

Participants
Membership has almost doubled over the last two years

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802.21 Overview

802.21 History & Timeline

1H 2005 2H 2005 1H 2006 2H 2006 1H 2007

1H 2004

2H 2004

2H 2007

20082009

802.21 WG Created

14 Initial Proposals

Letter Ballot
Initiate Amendments to 802.11u, 802.16g. IETF (MIPSHOP) on L3

Sponsor Ballot*

802.21 Deployment*

802.21 Spec Ratified*

Call For Proposals

Down selection Initial 802.21 Draft Text

* Projected Timelines

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802.21 Overview

802.21: Key Services

Applications (VoIP/RTP)
Connection Management Policy

IETF

State Change Handover Management Predictive Network Mobility Management ProtocolsInitiated

802.21 MIH Function
Smart Triggers Handover Messages Information Service

Link Layer Triggers Handover

Network Information
Available Networks Neighbor Maps Network Services

Handover Commands
L2 Triggers and Events Handover Messages

WLAN

Cellular

Client Initiated Network Initiated Vertical Handovers

Information Service

WMAN

Protocol and Device Hardware

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802.21 uses multiple services to Optimize Vertical Handovers

IEEE 802.21

802.21 Overview

L2 Events (Triggers)
State Change Events
Link Up Link Down Link Parameters Change
Link Going Down Link Up
WLAN

Disconnected Connected

Link Down

Predictive Events
Link Going Down

Link Up
WWAN

Link Switch

Make before Break

Network Initiated Events

Load Balancing Operator Preferences

Time

Triggers Minimize Connectivity Disruption during Link Switching

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802.21 Overview

Proposed Link Layer Events

No 1 2 3 4 5

Event Type
State Change State Change Predictive State Change State Change

Event Name
Link Up Link Down Link Going Down Link Detected Link Parameters Change

Description
L2 Connection established L2 Connection is broken L2 connection breakdown imminent New L2 link has been found Change in specific link parameters has crossed pre-specified thresholds (link Speed, Quality metrics)

6
7

Administrative
Link Transmission

Link Event Rollback

Link SDU Transmit Status

Event rollback
Improve handover performance through local feedback as opposed to waiting for end-to-end notifications L2 intra-technology handover imminent (subnet change). Notify Handover information without change in link state. Notify handover state

8
9

Link Synchronous
Link Synchronous

Link Handover Imminent

Link Handover Complete

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802.21 Overview

Media Independent Information Service

802.21 Information Server

WLAN
WWAN WMAN

Global Network Map

List of Available Networks
- 802.11/16/22, GSM, UMTS

Link Layer Information - Neighbor Maps Higher Layer Services - ISP, MMS, .
BSSID BSSID BSSID
N/A N/A 00:00: N/A 00:00: NA

Network Network Type Network Type Type GSM

GSM 802.11n GSM 802.11b 802.16e
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SSID/ SSID/ Cell ID SSID/ Cell Cell ID ID 13989

13989 Enterprise 13989 Intel NA
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Operator Operator Operator

Oper-1 AT&T Oper-2 AT&T Intel Oper-3

Security Security Security

NA NA .11i NA .11i PKM

EAP Type NW NW
NA NA EAP-PEAP NA EAP-PEAP EAP-PEAP

Channel Channel Channel

1900 1900 6 1900 6 11

QoS QoS QoS

N/A N/A .11e N/A .11e Yes

Physical Physical Layer Physical Layer Layer N/A

N/A OFDM N/A OFDM OFDM

Data Rate Data Rate Data Rate

9.6 Kbps 9.6 kbps 100 9.6 Mbps kbps 11 Mbps 40 Mbps

802.21 Overview

Media Independent Information Service

Information about all Networks from Single radio

Cellular radio indicates presence of suitable WiFi hotspot

Common Information Representation across different Networks, Rich Information

TLV, XML Enable mobile policies beyond what can be pre-configured

Media Independent Model

Use L2 for initial Network Discovery and Selection

Use L3 when available for client specific information

Information Service can help with Network Discovery and Selection leading to more effective Handover decisions

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802.21 Overview

Information Elements
Information Element
List of networks available Location of PoA Operator ID Roaming Partners Cost Security

Description
List all network types that are available given client location Geographical Location, Civic address, PoA ID Name of the network provider List of direct roaming agreements Indication of costs for service/network usage Link layer security supported

Comments
E.g., 802.11, 802.16, GSM, GPRS/EDGE, UMTS networks E.g. GML format for LBS or network management purpose E.g. Could be equivalent to Network ID. E.g. in form of NAIs or MCC+MNC E.g, Free/Not free or (flat rate, hourly, day or weekly rate) Cipher Suites and Authentication Methods, Technology specific, e.g. WEP in 802.11, 802.11i, PKM in 802.16, etc. 802 wide representation, application friendly Higher Layer Services Custom information

Quality of Service PoA Capabilities Vendor Specific IEs

Link QoS parameters Emergency Services, IMS Services, etc. Vendor/Operator specific information

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Types of Handover Based on Control Model

Terminal Controlled
Terminal makes use of some MIH services

Terminal Initiated, Network Assisted

Terminal makes use of MIH Information Service

Network Initiated and Network Controlled

Network makes use of MIH Event and Command Service, plus Information Service knowledge, to decide if handover is needed/desired, to decide the target, and to command the terminal to handover
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802.21 Overview

Handover Commands for Network Initiated Handovers

No
1

Command Name
MIH Handover Initiate MIH Handover Prepare

MIHF <> MIHF

Client <> Network

Description
Initiates handovers and sends a list of suggested networks and suggested PoA (AP/BS). This command is sent by MIHF on old network to MIHF on suggested new network . This allows the client to query for resources on new network and also allows to prepare the new network for handover

Network <> Network

MIH Handover Commit MIH Handover Complete

Client <> Network

In this case the client commits to do the handover based on selected choices for network and PoA. This is a notification from new network PoA to old network PoA that handover has been completed, new PoA has been established and any pending packets may now be forwarded to the new PoA.

Client <> Network Network <> Network

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802.21 Overview

Handovers: Who makes the Decision ?

Measurements Triggers

IEEE 802.21
Measurements, Triggers, Neighbor Information

Neighbor Maps Service Information

Mobile Device (User)

Network (Operators)

IEEE 802.21 enables Co-operative Handover Decision Making

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802.21 Overview

MIHF Protocol
Collection of all MIHF messages sent between peer MIH entities

Includes Events, Commands and IS exchange

Common message payload across different media

802.3, 802.11, 802.16, Cellular

Media specific Transports

Use Data plane whenever available e.g: In State 3 for 802.11

Use Management plane when Data plane not available Action Frames in State 1 for 802.11

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802.21 Overview MIHF Fixed Header

MIHF Protocol
MIHF Variable Header MIHF Payload

MIH Function Frame

SID (4) Octet 1
VER Ack Ack

Opcode (2)

Action ID (10)

Octet 2 Reserved (10)

Octet 3

Octet 4

MIHF F Fixed Header

(4)

Req(1) Rsp(1)

MIH Message ID (16)

V a riable Load Length (16)

Tr ansaction ID (16)

MIHF V ariable Load

MIHF Variable V a Header (contains Header Identifiers in TL V format) MIHF Payload (contains other service specific TL V s)

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Media Specific Enhancements

Media specific Amendments

MIH Protocol (MAC independent messages) defined in 802.21 Container for MIH messages for 802.11 defined in 802.11u Container for MIH messages for 802.16 defined in 802.16g Working with 3GPP-SAE for 3GPP specific changes Transport for MIH Protocol defined in IETF (MIPSHOP)

Media specific changes closely follow base protocol

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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802.11 Amendments
802.11u is a task group that was chartered to allow devices to inter-work with external networks, as typically found in hotspots.
It assists the advertising and connection to remote services beyond the DS and it intends to provide information to the STA about the external network prior to association. Natural task group to work with 802.21

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802.11 Amendments
MIH Capability Delivery
802.11 MLME SAP Extensions

Information Service for Generic Network Selection

802.11 Transport for MIHF Protocol

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802.11 Amendments

MIH Amendments for 802.11

Does Not handle Handover Execution
Layer 3 or higher Mobility Protocol (L3MP) 802.21 Scope MIH MIH MIH MIH Function Event Service Command Service Information Service MIH_SAP

No New Mobility Protocols

No Redesign of Existing PHY/MAC

LSAP LLC MAC_SAP

MLME_SAP

MLME
MLME_SAP

New items in scope of 802.21

SME or NME

MAC

PHY_SAP

MLME_PLME_SAP
PLME_SAP

PHY

PLME

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802.11 based Reference Network

NAP NOC SSPN #1 NOC

802.21 IS AAA

802.21 IS AAA

MIH
NAP Core Network

MIH Internet

SSPN #1 Core Network SSPN #2 NOC

802.21 IS AAA

SSPN #2 Core Network

Hot Spot #1

Hot Spot #N

Use 802.21 as Protocol for Network Selection

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802.11 Amendments

MIH Capability Discovery Mobile Node can detect whether 802.11 Network supports MIH Function through 802.11 Beacon
Beacon conveys MIH Capability Information

What does MIH Capability mean?

802.11 supports MIH query in state 1 using Action Frame

Information Service Query

ES/CS Capability Discovery

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802.11 Amendments

SAP Extension

Extensions to MLME-SAP to support MIH related Primitives

Use existing 802.11 Primitives when applicable

Some extensions
MLME-SCAN.confirm MLME-MIHProtocol.indication, MLME-LinkUp.indication

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802.11 Amendments

Information Service as Generic Network Selection Info Query

Client
Beacon(MIH Capability) Probe Request (IS Query frame) Probe Response (Status, Multicast Address) IS Query Response B-SNA, MC(Query Response) IS Query

AP

IS Server

MC(Query Response)

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802.11 Amendments

802.11 Transport for MIH

State 1

Probe Request/Response for Information Service

Query and ES/CS Capability discovery

Action Frame
IS Query response, and ES/CS capability discovery response

State 3

Ethernet frame with MIH Ethertype 802.11 MAC is transparent to MIH protocol messages

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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802.16 Amendments
802.16 Architectural Extension for MIH
MIH Capability Delivery

NCMS Extension
802.16 SAP Extension

802.16 Transport for MIHF Protocol

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802.16 Amendments

MIH Amendments for 802.16

No New Mobility Protocols

MIH_SAP MIH Function MIH Event Service MIH Command Service MIH Information Service CS_SAP

Layer 3 or higher Mobility Protocol (L3MP)

Does Not handle Handover Execution

802.21 Scope

L2.5
Convergence Sublayer (CS)

No Redesign of Existing PHY/MAC

MAC_SAP MAC Common Part Sublayer

C_SAP, M_SAP are extended to Support MIH

Management Plane

C_SAP M_SAP

NCMS

MAC Security Sublayer PHY_SAP

New SAPs in scope of 802.21

PHY

NCMS supports MIH Primitives Delivery to MIH Function

802.21 is designed for existing and evolving Networks

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802.16 Amendments

MIH Capability Delivery

Mobile Node can detect whether 802.16 supports MIH Function through 802.16 Broadcast Message
DCD (Downlink Channel Descriptor) conveys MIH Capability Information

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802.16 Amendments

NCMS Extension
Network Control and Management System
AAA Services Service Flow Id /Connection Id Management Services RF Transmission and Synchronization Services Paging Services Idle Mode Services Inter-working Services

Security Services

Mobility Management Services Gateway and Router Services

Multimedia Session Management Services Media Independent Handover Function Services Radio Resource Management Services

Network Address Management Services

48 2013-11-09

Network Management Services

802.16 Amendments

SAP Extension

C-SAP are M-SAP are extended to support MIH related Primitives

Management SAP

Multi-mode interface management

Control SAP

Media Independent Handover Function Services

Use existing 802.16 Primitives as much as possible

49

Some extensions e.g. C-MIH-NOTIFY, C-NEM-REQ/RSP, M-MTM-REQ/RSP/NOTIFY, etc

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802.16 Amendments

802.16 Transport for MIH

Multi-Mode Mobile Terminal
Applications Handover Policy Control Function Mobility Management Protocol 1 Mobility Management Protocol 2

Base Station

Device Manager

IP
MIH_SAP MIH_SAP

Media Independent Handover Function

MIH_MGMT_SAP

Media Independent Handover Function

GMM/ SM
MIH_SME_SAP
CS_SAP

MIH_SME_SAP

CS_SAP

NCMS

CS
M_SAP
MAC_SAP

MAC
PHY_SAP

PHY_SAP

PHY

UMTS Layer 1

PHY

Use MIH Ethertype

MIH Message (Data Plane) MIH Message (Control Plane)

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C_SAP

Management Entity
C_SAP

Generic MAC Mgmt message is defined for RRC MIH (MOB-MIH_MSG) RLC MIH Frame is conveyed through the Generic MAC MAC (H-ARQ) management message
MIH_RRC_SAP

CS
MAC_SAP

MAC

Management Entity

Network Control Management System

M_SAP

Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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IETF Work
On going work in MIPSHOP WG, Internet Area Aim is at:
Defining a problem statement for transport over IP of the MIH protocol Defining delivery of information for MIH services layer 3 or above" protocol
This allows the network information to reside anywhere (not necessarily across the link-layer hop) Enables MIH services even in the absence of the corresponding link-layer support For discovery of IP node(s) providing services, it is expected that any of the several current L3 discovery mechanisms will be used An existing or new protocol may be used for the transport. If an existing one, MIPSHOP will create a guide on how to use such protocol for the specific task

Define IP-layer discovery component Address security (out of scope for IEEE 802.21)

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Current IETF Drafts

Personal drafts on the problem statement
MIH Problem Statement (draft-hepworth-mipshop-mih-problemstatement) Network Initiated Handovers PS (draft-melia-mobopts-niho-ps) Design Considerations for MIH Transport, draft-hepworth-mipshopmih-design-considerations-00, E. Hepworth

Personal drafts on transport protocol

Transport of Media Independent Handover Messages Over IP I-D: draft-rahman-mipshop-mih-transport-00.txt Supporting Media Independent Handover Protocols with GIST, draft-hancock-mipshop-gist-for-mih-00.txt Mobile and Wireless Neighborhood Discovery by Using DHCP (draft-jang-mipshop-nhdisc-00.txt)
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IETF Update
Next steps:
MIPSHOP WG chair instructed group to create a common agreed PS draft to be adopted by the WG MIPSHOP WG chair will work with 802.21 chair and liaison officers to ensure appropriate dialogue takes place to ensure alignment
To satisfy IEEE 802.21 requirements
To enable IETF to provide any necessary input

Creation of a design team to develop one proposal for the solution (to speed up completion)

Need to ensure running code is created (a la IETF)

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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3GPP Amendments (Working with SA2/SAE)

Requirements in TR 23.882
For Information Service For Operator influenced Handovers (Handover Commands) It shall be possible for the operator to provide the UE with access network information pertaining to locally supported 3GPP and non3GPP access technologies. The access network information may also include operator preferences based on locally available 3GPP and non-3GPP access technologies, and the information may be restricted to the access technologies or access networks the UE can use. Others: Work in Progress
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802.21 Amendments
802.21 Features
Capability Discovery

802.11
Beacons

802.16
DCD Broadcast Messages

IETF
DHCP

MIH Services when IS only NOT Attached to Mgmt Plane Network Action Frames

IS only Mgmt Plane MAC Mgmt Messages

N/A

MIH Services when IS/ES/CS Attached to Data Plane Network MIH Ethertype

IS/ES/CS Data Plane MIH Ethertype

IS/ES/CS New Signaling protocol being defined N/A

SAP Changes

MLME SAP

NCMS, C_SAP, M_SAP

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Agenda
History and Need for Handovers 802.21 Standard Overview

Media Specific Enhancements

802.11 802.16 IETF 3GPP

Use Case

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MxN Mixed-Network Client Use Case

Zone 1
Operating on 3G WWAN

Zone 2 3G WWAN
Plug into power jack Wakeup Wi-Fi Continue over Wi-Fi

Zone 3

Wakeup Wi-Fi

Zone 4
Connect to Wi-Fi

Zone 5
Wi-Fi Link Going Down.

Airport
Continue session on 3G WWAN Battery level low Shutdown WiMAX Switch to 3G WWAN

Zone 6 Radio State 3G WWAN

Continue session on Wi-Fi

Home

Wi-Fi
WiMAX

Operator initiated switch to WiMAX Continue session on WiMAX Shutdown Wi-Fi

GPS
Zone 9

Zone 7

WiMAX

Zone 8

WiMAX

IEEE 802.21, SIP, VCC, IMS, for Network Selection and Service VCC, SIP, IMS for Call Continuity WWAN Wi-Fi) 802.21, SIP, IMS IEEE for 802.21 Service for Continuity Network (3G Discovery (Wi-Fi WiMAX) Continuity across multiple radios (3G WWAN Wi-Fi WiMAX)
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Summary
With advances in Devices, Networks and Usage Models Multi-radio operation is likely to become the norm
IEEE 802.21 helps with Handover Initiation, Network Selection and Interface Activation during Vertical Handovers 802.21 enables Co-operative Handover decision making between Clients and Network Media specific changes closely follow base 802.21 MIH Protocol

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Thank You!

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Backup

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Acronyms
AP ASN.1 BS BSS BSSID EAP GSM ISP MIH MMS NCMS PoA PoS QoS RTP SAP SSID VPN UMTS XML Access Point Abstract Syntax Notation number One Base Station Basic Service Set Basic Service Set Identifier Extended Authentication Protocol Global System for Mobile Communications Internet Service Provider Media Independent Handover Multimedia Message Service Network Control and Management System Point of Attachment (L2, AP/BS) Point of Service Quality of Service Real Time Protocol Service Access Point Service Set Identifier Virtual Private Network Universal Mobile Terrestrial System eXtended Markup Language

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802.21 Services
IS: Information Service CS: Command Service ES: Event Service LLC: Logical link controller
Media Media Independent Independent Handover User Handover User ES CS IS Higher Layer Transport (E.g.,IP) IS / CS / ES over Higher Layer Transport

MIH Network Entity ( e.g . . )MIH Server Controller

ES CS IS

Client Station

Media Independent Handover Function (Network)

Information Repository

Media Independent Handover Function (Client)

ES CS IS E v e n t s
MGMT PHY

Higher Layer Transport/ L2 Colocated with MIH

E v e n t s E v e n t s
MGMT PHY

Higher Layer Transport

3GPP 3GPP 2 Interface

E v e n t s

LLC/ CS MAC

LLC/ CS MAC

802 Interface

Information Service over L2 Transport Remote MIH Events over L2 Transport

3GPP 3GPP2 Network

802 Networks
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MIH Communication Model

Client Side
R2 R5 MIH UE/MN R1 MIH PoS Serving PoA R5 MIH PoS Non PoA Network Entity R4 MIH Candidate PoA MIH PoS

Network Side
R4

PoA:L2 Point of Attachment (AP/BS) PoS: Point of Service MN: Mobile Node UE: User Equipment MIH: Media Independent Handover

Non PoA Network Entity R4

R3

Communication Reference Point

Comments
Between MIH on a UE and MIH PoS on serving/candidate PoA. Between the MIH on a UE and an MIH PoS on a non-PoA network entity Between MIH PoS and a non-PoS MIH Function instance in distinct Network entities Between MIH PoS and another MIH PoS instance in distinct Network entities

Transport
Usually L2 Usually L3 Usually L3 Usually L3

Scope 802.21

R1, R2

Yes Yes Yes Yes

R3
R4 R5
65 2013-11-09