TOPIC 1: LESSON PLANNING

Principles of Lesson Planning

Identifying Target Group Teacher needs to identify the target group pupils. Factors that need to be considered: o Background of pupils family, daily life o Area of the pupils living rural or city o Pupils level of cognitive o Exposure level of English


Characteristics of successful English learners: Have positive attitude towards English and speakers of English Motivated to learn English for certain reasons Make effort to get into situation where English is used and often use it. Consciously trying out new strategies to learn and remember new vocabulary Willing to take risks, make mistakes in the use of language and attempt to improve it.

Integration of Language Skills

Sometimes necessary to integrate other skills in the focus skill in a lesson. Remember that, it is difficult for pupils to master the skill, thus integration of skills need to be conducted correctly to ensure pupils learn the language better. Guide to plan an integration of language skills o Think of what pupils usually do when listening to, speaking about, reading or writing o Think of what (vocabulary and structure) pupils need to do during activities. o Decide what pupils already know / learnt. o Check the amount of time available and decide how much can be taught. o Think of interesting tasks that pupils can do to make them learn the target skill.

Selection of Language Content

Four basic skills in English: o Listening o Speaking o Reading o Writing Integrated skills: o Grammar o Vocabulary o Literature

Educational Emphasis
Infusion of Thinking Skills o Incorporated in the learning outcomes to enable learners to solve simple problems, and express creatively in English.

ICT Skills o These skills have been added to cater for schools that have ICT facilities. o Schools that do not have ICT facilities are not obliged to teach these skills. o Include working on computers and using courseware.

Value and Citizenship o The values contained in the secondary Moral Education syllabus have been incorporated in the learning outcomes and include patriotism and good citizenship.

Multiple Intelligence o This is illustrated, for example, in the way children interact and talk with one another (verbal intelligence), and the application of kinesthetic intelligence as seen in role-play activities.

Learning How to Learn o Incorporated in outcomes to enable learners to take responsibility for their own learning even at an early age. o Enable learners to remember words, recall ideas, and look up meanings of words in simple dictionaries. o Set learners on the path to become independent life-long learners.

Knowledge Acquisition o Make use of subject matter disciplines such as science and geography, and incorporate educational emphases such as the environment and consumerism to provide contexts for language use.

Future Studies Preparation of Real World o Meet the challenges of the real world by focusing on language use in society. o Will be achieved through structuring the curriculum in terms of the interpersonal, informational and aesthetic uses of language. o Will be achieved by making use of real-life issues

Format of Lesson Plan

General format of lesson plan: o Subject o Year o Date o Time o Theme o Topic o Focused skills o Integrated skills o Learning outcome o Intended learning outcome / behavioural objective o Vocabulary o Sentence pattern o Previous knowledge o Moral values o Educational Emphasis Multiple intelligence / Thinking skills o Resource o Stages of lesson : Set induction Presentation Practices Production Closure

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