NUTRITION DISEASES/DISORDERS

By :
Siti Fatimah Muis

NUTRITIONAL DISEASES/DISORDERS
MANIFESTATION
* OVER NUTRITION * UNDER NUTRITION * MALNUTRITION

CAUSES :COMPLEX
* GENETICS * ENVIRONMENT * CULTURAL * PSYCHOLOGICAL

DASAR
MISKIN

Tak langsung
Penghasilan Kesediaan Pangan Pola Asuh Anak

Langsung
Infeksi Penyakit Status gizi

PENDIDIKAN RENDAH

Akses thd Pelayanan Kesehatan

Asupan gizi/ makanan

CLASSIFICATION OF NUTRITION DISORDERS

1. PRIMARY Inadequate intake Low food consumption Defie of vit - IDD (GAKY) - Anemia Overnutrition due to over eating 2. SECONDARY Intake good but Digestion Absorption disturbed Utilization Excretion

WHAT HAPPENS IF INTAKE IS NOT ADEQUATE (Below Requirement ?)

STAGES :

1. Body reserve is used

eg. - Vit A Depo in Liver Can last for 3 months - Vit C in tissue reserve Lasts only for few days TISSUE DEPLETION

2 . IF TISSUE RESERVE IS ALL USED Biochemical changes OCCUR

If not supplied, it will be followed with :

3. Physio logical changes Due to metabolism disturbances

eg. B1 in CHO Mtabolism * Zn in many Enzim activities * Vit A in adaptation process 4. Anatomical changes * Tissue defect - Bitots spot - Xerrosis conjuction - Bleeding gUMS - (blood vessel fragility )

Inadequacy
BCh Tissue depletion Phych Anatch

FACTORS INFUENCING TISSUE DEPLETION

A mount of tissue reserves High vs Low Degree of in adequacy mild vs moderate vs severe Degree of requirement

Interact to produce Biochemical, and clinical sign & symptoms

Type of Nutritional Deficiences

1. Acute vs Chronic
- Depends on the VELOCITY of the inadequacy & pathologie lesions - Acute : easily treated - Chronic : improvement is slow

2. Mild vs Severe
- depends on degree & intensity of tissue changes/destruction - Brings clinical implication - mild - acute : - acute- severe prognosis is different - mild chronic - severe chronic

Eg. Acute B1 defie

* head retraction in birds * Death in few days * Given B1 quickly, recovered with no sequale 3. DURATION/LENGTH of INADEQUACY Days, months, year * Long duration : worse response * Short duration : better response eg. - Mild poly neuropathy for years - Severe poly neuropathy for days/months

Biochemical changes
Detected through : Enzyme test precence of pathological substances in blood/urine Blood Markers - T3-T4 (defie Iodine) - Serum ferritin (iron defie) - Serum vit A/retinol (vit A defie)

Physiological/Functional changes
Found as : 1. Subjective Complaints - Weakness - Low concentration - Low Peristaltic movement - Stomach gas increase 2. Objective Findings - Low Physiological reflex - Phathological reflex present - Low dark adaptation ability - Low Hb

ANATOMICAL CHANGES
1. Found as the farthest end of deficiency. 2. Can be seen micros or macros copically in organs - Conjuctiva - Cornea - Gums - Tongue - Liver - Epithelial linings