Ethics and Indian mangement

Indian Intellectual Traditions

Arthasastra Tradition Vedantic/Psycophilosophical tradition Liberation from Oppression Syadvada Gandhian Tradition Communism Confluencism Cultural Nationalism OSHO Tradition

Arthsastra
Artha is important goal of human existence Throws light on how to develop good subordinates Provides ideas that appeal to modern day managers and administrators Contributed by Kautilya

15 GREAT THOUGHTS BY CHANAKYA

1) "Learn from the mistakes of others... you can't live long enough to make them all yourselves!!" 2)"A person should not be too honest. Straight trees are cut first and Honest people are screwed first." 3)"Even if a snake is not poisonous, it should pretend to be venomous." 4)"There is some self-interest behind every friendship. There is no friendship without self-interests. This is a bitter truth."

5)" Before you start some work, always ask yourself three questions - Why am I doing it, What the results might be and Will I be successful. Only when you think deeply and find satisfactory answers to these questions, go ahead."

6)"As soon as the fear approaches near, attack and destroy it."

7)"The world's biggest power is the youth and beauty of a woman."

8)"Once you start a working on something, don't be afraid of failure and don't abandon it. People who work sincerely are the happiest."

9)"The fragrance of flowers spreads only in the direction of the wind. But the goodness of a person spreads in all direction."

10)"God is not present in idols. Your feelings are your god. The soul is your temple."

11) "A man is great by deeds, not by birth."

12) "Never make friends with people who are above or below you in status. Such friendships will never give you any happiness."

13) "Treat your kid like a darling for the first five years. For the next five years, scold them. By the time they turn sixteen, treat them like a friend. Your grown up children are your best friends."

14) "Books are as useful to a stupid person as a mirror is useful to a blind person."

15) "Education is the Best Friend. An Educated Person is Respected Everywhere. Education beats the Beauty and the Youth."
Success is no accident; it results from well thought actions aligned with focused vision Fearlessness, perseverance and patience are the key attributes of any leader. This helpsin setting lofty goals and fuels the determination to achieve them by executing against the well-laid-out plan.Another great quality exhibited by the leader is in spotting talents and grooming them to take bigger challenges

Vedantic/Psycophilosophical tradition
Delas with divinity oreinted view of human nature This tradition emphasises the value based approach to management and administration. Contributors to this tradition are Ramakrishna paramhansa and Swami vivekananda, Daya nand saraswati etc

Liberation from Oppression

Social reformers have drawn ideas from this tradition Concern for downtrodden is the essence Survival of the weakest and of all life forms.

Syadvada/Multiple perspectives
A theory of the relativity of knowledge Problems should be viewed from multuiple perspectives Suggests a holistic approach to reality through relativist view of things

Communism
Considers common man as the pillar of the social drive Implies change sin government policies as well as functioning of the government under the directorship of masses. Futuristic view implies the creation of socuiety in which individuals are at peace with themselves.

Confluencism
Implies creation of new ideas as a result of interaction with different ideas Emphasises the ability to assilimilate ideas and transform them creatively A two way process of the flow of ideas , rejecting forced dominance

Cultural Nationalism
Social change brought through the process of social regeneration Argues for restoring self pride and self dignity of the individual society Positive ideas to be borrowed , negative influences must be avoided for social regeneration

OSHO tradition
Ideas of Rajneesh, who rejected most of the current ideas of the world views about man, state and society An overarching tradition Futuristic vision and hope for transformation of the society in his new man who is an enlightened being Its is very vast and controversial

The 3 Gunas
The three primary gunas are generally accepted to be associated with creation (sattva), preservation (rajas), and destruction (tamas). The entire creation and its process of evolution is carried out by these three major gunas.

 All creation is made up by a balance composed of all three forces. For creation to progress, each new stage "needs a force to maintain it and another force to develop it into a new stage. The force that develops the process in a new stage is rajo guna, while tamo guna is that which checks or retards the process in order to maintain the state already produced, so that it may form the basis for the next stage".

 Sattva (originally "being, existence, entity") has been translated to mean balance, order, or purity. Rajas (originally "atmosphere, air, firmament") is also translated to mean change, movement or dynamism. (Rajas is etymologically unrelated to the word raja.)

 Tamas(originally "darkness", "obscurity") has been translated to mean "too inactive" or "inertia", negative, lethargic, dull, or slow. Usually it is associated with darkness, delusion, or ignorance. A tamas quality also can refer to anything destructive or entropic.

 In his Translation and Commentary on the Bhagvad gita, Maharishi Mahesh yogi explains "The nature of tamo guna is to check or retard, though it should not be thought that if the movement is upward tamo guna is absent".

Case Study :The Three Gunas

"A person wandering in the forest meets a Sage. Attracted by the good nature of the Sage, this person seeks the Sages association. The Sage through his dhrishti (clairvoyance) finds out that this person has committed many sins like having lust and anger, money mindedness, disrespect to Sages etc... . But out of compassion the saint offers him a place to stay in his ashram. But the person denies the offer and says that he could not imagine staying with the Sage full-time, rather he wanted to meet the Sage once in a while according to his own convenience. The Sage gently smiled and agreed. Over a period of time this person displays his attitude of laziness, anger and disrespect to the Sage. He would go to the extent of questioning the Sage whenever the Sage advised him. But out of compassion to fellow human beings the Sage always continued to show him the path of dharma". 1. What is the guna of the Sage? Why? 2. What is the guna of the person? Why? 3. What did you learn from this story? 4. What should the person do to transcend his guna?

Trusteeship Management - Gandhian Philosophy of Wealth Management

Gandhian Principle of Trusteeship: Trusteeship principle advocated by Gandhiji provides a means of transforming the present capitalist order of society into an egalitarian one. It is in many ways different from the concept from socialism as Gandhiji did not believe in using force either by the

individual or by the state. Trusteeship, as a concept is not absolute

but relative in time and space to the needs of the society.

 According to the trusteeship philosophy, though wealth belongs to the owners and proprietors of business, morally it belongs to the society and to the community. Gandhijis philosophy implied that management was the trustees of , not only the wealth of the organization and of the society and consequently of the nation, but also of the material and moral welfare of the labour class working in their organizations.

Seven Sins
Politics without principles Education without Character Commerce without Morality Pleasure without conscience Wealth without work Science without Humanity Workship without Sacrifice