DEVELOPMENT OF OCCLUSION

Predental period The deciduous dentition period The mixed dentition period The permanent dentition period

Predental period
Gum pad : Definition- alveolar process at birth Shape- upper gum pad is horse shoe shape & lower gum pad is U shape Color- pink Consistancy firm

The deciduous dentition period

Eruption sequence of deciduous incisors

Lower central incisor upper central incisor Lower lateral incisor upper lateral incisor Lower primary first molar Upper primary first molar Lower and upper primary canines Lower and upper primary second molars

The deciduous dentition period

Features of deciduous dentition

Spaced dentition Deep overbite Shallow Overjet Terminal plane relationship

The deciduous dentition period

Features of deciduous dentition

Spaced dentition--- primate space.

The deciduous dentition period

Features of deciduous dentition

Terminal plane relationship

Flash terminal

Distal step

Mesial step

The mixed dentition period

1ST TRANSITIONAL PERIOD INTERTRANSITIOANL PERIOD 2ND TRANSITIONAL PERIOD

The mixed dentition period

1ST TRANSITIONAL PERIOD

Eruption of the first molar at 6th year Replacement of incisor
Incisor lability--- In maxilla 7.6mm In mandible 6 mm

incisor liability is compensated by

Interdental spacing of deciduous teeth Labial eruption of permanent teeth Increased intercanine arch width

The mixed dentition period

Ugly duckling stage- Around the age of 8 yrs a midline diatema is commonly seen in the upper arch

Ugly duckling stage

Crown of the canine impinge on developing lateral incisor roots, thus driving the roots medially and causing the crown to flare laterally

The roots of central incisor are also forced together thus causing midline diastema

Ugly duckling stage

This period from the eruption of lateral incisor to canine is termed as the ugly duckling stage With the eruption of canine, the impingement from the root shifts incisally thus driving the incisor crown medially, resulting in closure of the diastema

The mixed dentition period

INTER-TRANSITIONAL PERIOD
No significant change occurs at this stage

The mixed dentition period

2ND TRANSITIONAL PERIOD

Replacement of deciduous canine and molar Lee way space

The mixed dentition period Lee way space : the sum of the mesiodistal
width of the primary canine and the primary first and second molars is larger than the sum of the permanent canine and first and second premolars --- This difference is called the leeway space and is present in both the maxillary and mandibular arch. The leeway space is larger in the mandibular arch (3.4mm) than in the maxillary arch (1.9mm).

Occlusion in permanent dentition

Molar relationship Distal surface of the distal marginal ridge of upper 6 contacts and occludes with the mesial surface of the mesial marginal ridge of lower 7 the mesiobuccal cusp of upper 6 lies in the groove between the mesial and middle cusps of lower 6 the mesiolingual cusp of 6 seats in the central fossa of 6.

Occlusion in permanent dentition

2. Crown angulation. Gingival aspect of the long axis of each crown lies distal to its occlusal aspect. 3. Crown inclination. The gingival aspect of the labial surface of the crown of 2112 lies palatal to the incisal aspect. Otherwise, the gingival aspect of the labial or buccal surface of the crowns of all other teeth lies labial or buccal to the incisal/occlusal aspect.

Occlusion in permanent dentition

4. No rotations. 5. No spaces. 6. Flat or mildly increased (<_1.5mm) curve of Spee. Functional occlusal relations .