REAL-TIME VISION BASED RESPIRATION MONITORING SYSTEM

Under Guidance of By:

INTRODUCTION
Respiration rate is an important indicator of an individual's health. Respiratory rate is an important physiological measure used in clinical environments to examine the health of an individual. Respiration monitoring can be contact or noncontact based.

CONTACT BASED MONITORING SYSTEM

The sensing device is attached to the subject's body Thermistors Method Stain-gage pressure sensors

DRAWBACKS:

The attachment of the sensors to the patient's body causes discomfort and the resulting stress can affect breathing rate. The thermistor approach has a further cost disadvantage as the sensing device is disposed after a single use for hygiene reasons.

NON-CONTACT BASED MONITORING SYSTEM

Based

on audio sensing. Vision based (i.e. non-contact) respiration monitoring system.

ADVANTAGES:

Safe cost effective

accurate
easy to use.

AUDIO BASED BODY MOVEMENT DETECTION

Respiration monitoring based on audio sensing can be either contact or non-contact. In non-contact audio based respiration monitoring, the sensor is often required to be placed very close to the patient. These systems included temperature measurement of skin surface centred on the tip of the nose using infrared sensing devices or by measuring the CO2 in exhaled air.

VIDEO BASED BODY MOVEMENT DETECTION

Respiration process causes a semi-periodic chest and abdominal movements that is performed in a subconscious manner. Detecting and tracking movements involve complex algorithms that require intensive computations. Convenient method of detecting movement is by subtracting consecutive images in the recorded video.

CONT..
The recorded video consists of a sequence of images captured at a specific sample rate. The difference of consecutive images represents motion. This motion is the difference in the image scenery related to displacement of objects. This effect is as shown

METHODOLOGY

A Graphical User Interface (GUI) A video consisted of a series of sequential images, each marked with an individual time stamp (t), corresponding the time of recording. The algorithm was designed to perform an image subtraction using the current image at time t ( imgt ) and the image a few time frames before at time t-td ( imgt td ), where value of td was determined by considering the speed of the algorithm. The resulting image imgdiff was then thresholded to produce img X

CONT

The pixels values of img X were summed, producing a data value (X) img X that represented a scenery change that could be interpreted as the movement magnitude during time t-td The larger the value of X ,the bigger would be the detected movement magnitudes corresponding to each time point t.

CONT

CONT

General illustration of algorithm

CONT..

The lobes represents chest and adnominal movements forward and backward

EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS

The algorithm will run in real time with a frame rate of 10 frames per second A series of tests were performed each lasting between 3 to 10 minutes Tests were performed initially on an adult subject while he sat on a chair in front of the video camera. The tests were performed in different scenarios

CONT

Video based respiration system automatically determined the respiration rate to be 19.4 cycle per minute. A manual count of respiration cycles for the data provided by thermistor and stain gage systems indicated respiration rate of about 20 cycles per minute

COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT METHODS

LIMITATIONS

When subject moved significantly, the respiration signal become too distorted to be detected correctly.

Another shortcoming of the system was it was susceptible to the movements behind the subject being monitored.

CONCLUSION
Robust, accurate and easily implementable noncontact respiration monitoring system has been developed and its effectiveness shown by the experimental results are good.

THANK YOU.