GREEN COMPUTING

BY NIKHIL TRIPATHI 12MCMB10 M.TECH IT

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction Some Facts and Figures Green Computing and its Implementation What will Green Computing lead to?

INTRODUCTION
Green computing is the study and practice of using computer resources efficiently. The goals are to reduce use of hazardous materials, maximize energy efficiency and promote recyclability. 21st century belongs to gizmos and computers, so we need a mechanism to make this computation user and environment friendly as well.

WHY GREEN COMPUTING? -GOOGLE FACTS!!!

102 billion GOOGLE searches every month. In 2006, it was just 2.7 billion To whom were these questions addressed B.G.?? One normal Google search uses enough electricity to power a 60 Watt lightbulb for half of a second. The amount of google search done every 20 minutes could power the whole LAS VEGAS for 7 hours. The time which you will take to read this sentence is enough for 50000 Google searches to be queried. The time which you will take to read this sentence is enough for 500000+ Facebook posts to be done.

GOOGLE FACTS(continued)

According to research done by Harvard university two search requests done on search engine Google , produces as much as CO2 as boiling a kettle of water. Every time it produces 7gm of CO2. IT causes 2 percent of global emission nowadays. 200 million search requests on Google everyday i.e. 1,400,000 kg of CO2 everyday. Every year 315 million computers become obsolete disposal of them contribute 20-50 millions per ton. It leads to air pollution and air borne diseases. Coolants in data centers CFCs and HFCs lead to ozone depletion. Total PCs(400 million),their energy usage is equal to 26 nuclear power plants

WHY GREEN COMPUTING? -OTHER FACTS!!!

5 billion mobile phones around the globe more people have access to mobile phones as compared to clean toilets. 845 million facebook users- 3rd largest country in case of population. 35 hours of videos are uploaded on youtube in a single minute. Flickr users have uploaded 5 billion pictures and Facebook??- Its 50 billion Angry Bird downloads already reached to 250 million. 247 billion mails are sent everyday. 6.1 trillion text messages were sent last year.. On an average, a teenager sends around 3400 messages in a month. 600 tweets per second on twitter..

WHY GREEN COMPUTING? -OTHER FACTS!!!

The number of internet devices in 1984 was 1000. In 1992, it was 1,000,000. In 2008, it was 1,000,000,000. So what about 2012?? It is estimated that 86 exabytes(*10^19) of unique information will be generated this year. That is almost 1045 times of previous 5000 years. Using high performance servers, NTT Japan has successfully implemented a fiber optic cable, that pushes 14 trillion bits per second. If I take 10 minutes to complete this presentation, almost 7 millions songs are downloaded illegaly. The time which you will take to read this sentence is enough for 21 iPhones to be purchased. The time which you will take to read this sentence is enough for 5000 youtube videos to be watched.

VIRTUALIZATION

Computer virtualization is the process of running two or more logical computer systems on one set of physical hardware. Virtualization has helped in that respect by allowing organizations to consolidate their servers onto fewer pieces of hardware ,result in sizable cost savings. With virtualization a system administrator could combine several physical systems into virtual machines on one single ,powerful system ,thereby unplugging the original hardware and reducing power and cooling consumptions.

VIRTUALIZATION

GUEST VIRTUAL MACHINE-file that contains virtualization OS and application. HOST SERVER-hardware on which it runs. HYPERVISOR-software that controls virtual hardware platform and allow virtual machine to run on any host server regardless of physical hardware.

POWER SUPPLY

Power supplies in most computers aren't designed for energy efficiency. Most computer system drain more power than they need during normal operation ,leading to higher electrical bills and a more dire environment impact.

POWER MANAGEMENT

Lower power consumption means lower heat dissipation, which increases system stability, and less energy use which saves money and reduces the impact on the environment. UNDERVOLTING- allows users to manually adjust the voltages supplied to the CPU . Some CPUs can under volt the processor on the workload ; this technology is called Speed Step on Intel processors. New Intel core processors support ultra fine power control over the functions units within the processors.

DISPLAYS

21CRT uses more than 120 watt which is more than double the power of the 22 LCD. LCD monitors use a cold cathode fluorescent bulb to provide light for the display. LCD monitors use 3 times less when active and ten times less energy when in sleep mode.LCD are up 66% more energy efficient than CRTs . LCDs produce less heat , meaning youll need less ac to keep cool. LCD screens are also easier on the eyes . Their lower intensity and steady light result in less fatigue versus CRTs A newer LCD DRAWS 40-60W maximum in a modest 19, 20, or 22 unit . Drop them down to standby or turn them off entirely when not using them to minimize power consumption. LEDs are now used in place of LCDs. LEDs uses light emitting diodes instead of fluorescent bulbs which reduces the amount of electricity used by the display.

STORAGE

3.5 desktop hard drives-highest capacity , best performance(as now RPM low power idle mode with fixed rotation speed for reduced power consumptions). 2.5laptop hard drives consume less power(small plotters , smaller motors and firmware that is already optimized for power consumption))capacity-320 gb , price higher. The lowest power option is to use a solid state hard drive(SSD) Which typically draws less than 1/3 the power of 2.5 disk. The latest ,highest power option are very fast but extremely expensive.

IMPLEMENTATION

Enable hibernation using the power management settings. Avoid unnecessary os version upgrade . Use linux .it requires less energy resouces than any other os. Use server virtualisation to aggregate multiple under utilized servers onto more energy efficient server infrastructure. Replace crt screen with lcd screen. Use server and or web based application where possible to extend desktop software maintenance.

INTERESTING YET UNCOMMON!!

BLACKLE It is a search engine site powered by google.it saves 750 MW each year. ZONBU COMPUTER-New efficient pc it uses the linux operating system.it consumes very less power . SUN RAY THIN CLIENT-It consumes 4 to 8 watt of power,because most of heavy computation is done by server.

GREEN COMPUTING WILL LEAD TO

QUESTIONS