QoS in UMTS Network

26 December 2013 By Ying weimin

UMTS QoS
CONTENT:

UMTS QoS concept QoS requirement on UMTS QoS mechanism in UMTS

QoS in UMTS network UTRAN mechanism

UMTS QoS concept

Quality of Service (QoS) refers to the collective effect of service performance that determines the degree of satisfaction of the end-user of the service.

UMTS QoS concept

Why UMTS QoS is so important -1G cellular system (AMPS) Analog voice/ circuit switch -2G cellular system (GSM) Digital voice/circuit switch -2.5G cellular system (GPRS) Digital data/ packet switch Address QoS issues but not required to implement. -3G cellular system (wcdma) Digital voice/data/ packet switch QoS features are designed in and ready for providing packet multi-medium service. Cellular system can server as mobile internet.

UMTS QoS concept

UMTS QoS classes(1) :
Conversational class speech, video telephony most delay sensitive Streaming class can tolerate some delay jitter should be minimized Interactive class web browsing less stringent delay better error rate

UMTS QoS concept

UMTS QoS classe(2) : Background class Email, downloads Error rate minimized Lower priority in scheduling than interactive class Uses resource only when interactive class dont need the them

UMTS QoS concept

UMTS QoS classe(3) :
Bit error tolerant
conversational

streaming

interactive

background

Delay tolerant

UMTS QoS concept

Qos impact on resources
Required Network Resources Required Buffering Resources

Delay

Delay

UMTS QoS concept

QoS attibutes(1): Traffic Class: Conversational , Streaming, Interactive, Background; Traffic class indicates the type of application for which the UMTS bears is optimized. Max Bit Rate Maximum bit rate is defined as maximum number of bits delivered by the UMTS and within a period of time, divided by the duration of the period. Guaranteed Bit Rate Guaranteed bit rate is defined as the guaranteed number of bits delivered by the UMTS within a period of time, divided by the duration of the period.

UMTS QoS concept

QoS attibutes(2): Delivery Order Delivery order indicates whether the UMTS bearer service should offer in-sequence SDU delivery or not. Max SDU Size Maximum SDU size indicates the maximum allowed size of an SDU. Transfer Delay Transfer delay is defined as the maximum delay for the 95th percentile of the distribution of delay for all delivered SDUs during the lifetime of the bearer service.

UMTS QoS concept

QoS attibutes(3): SDU Format Information List of possible exact sizes of SDUs. SDU Error Ratio SDU error is defined as the fraction of lost or erroneous SDUs. Residual Bit Error Ratio Residual bit error ratio indicates the undetected bit error ratio in the delivered SDUs if error detection has been requested, otherwise it indicates the bit error ratio (BER) in the delivered SDUs.

UMTS QoS concept

QoS attibutes(4): Delivery of Erroneous SDUs Indicates whether SDUs detected as erroneous shall be delivered or discarded Traffic Handle Priority Specifies the relative importance for handling of all SDUs belonging to the UMTS bearer compared to the SDUs of other bearers. Allocation/Retention Priority Specifies the relative importance compared to other UMTS bearers for allocation and retention of the UMTS bearer. The Allocation/Retention Priority attribute is a subscription attribute which is not negotiated from the mobile terminal.

UMTS QoS concept

Call Setup Quality: Accessibility No coverage Network equipment down Cell barred Generic call setup failure (signaling or other reason) Call Blocking Probability A blocking event occurs when the network admission controller denies the users access attempt. Call Setup Delay The call setup delay is measured from the time instant when the user places an access request, or query, to the instant when the user data exchange become possible with the other end of the call entity.

UMTS QoS concept

Call Quality ( Key parameters are covered by QoS Atributes ) Acceptable Delay Variation This is used to define how much jitter the application can tolerate, beyond which the packet is treated as being lost. Acceptable Transport Service Interruption Duration This defines to what degree an interrupt to transport services is regarded as acceptable, provided it happens only occasionally during a call. Call Drop Probability A call drop is defined as an event where the communication connection has

UMTS QoS

CONTENT:
UMTS QoS concept QoS requirement on UMTS QoS mechanism in UMTS
QoS in UMTS network UTRAN mechanism

QoS requirement on UMTS

Error tolerant

Conversational voice and video

Voice messaging

Streaming audio and video

Fax

Telnet, Error intolerant interactive games

E-commerce, WWW browsing,

FTP, still image, paging

E-mail arrival notification notification

Conversational Interactive Streaming (delay <<1 sec) (delay approx.1 sec) (delay <10 sec)

Background (delay >10 sec)

QoS requirement on UMTS

QoS attributers (Profile) :
Traffic class Maximum bit rate (kbps) Delivery order Maximum SDU size Delivery of erroneous SDU Residual BER conversation al class < 2048 Yes/No <=1500 Yes/No 5*10-2 10-6 Streaming class < 2048 Yes/No <=1500 Yes/No 5*10-2 10-6 Interactive class < 2048 Yes/No <=1500 Yes/No 4*10-3 6*10-8 Backgroun d class < 2048 Yes/No <=1500 Yes/No 4*10-3 6*10-9

SDU error ratio

Transfer delay Guaranteed bit rate

10-2 10-5
100ms upto FFS < 2048

10-1 10-5
250ms upto FFS < 2048

10-3 10-6

10-3 10-6

Traffic handling priority

Allocation and retention priority 1,2,3 1,2,3

1,2,3 1,2,3 1,2,3

QoS requirement on UMTS

QoS example(1):

AMR speech codec payload Bit rate: 4,75 - 12,2 kbit/s Delay: end-to-end delay not to exceed 300ms BER: < 10-3 FER < 1 % (with graceful degradation for higher erasure rates)

QoS requirement on UMTS

QoS example(2):

Videophone carries both video and audio and intended for use in a conversational environment. As such, in principle the same delay requirements as for conversational voice will apply, In fact, due to the long delays incurred in even the latest video codecs, it will be difficult to meet these requirements. Once again, the human eye is tolerant to some loss of information, so that some degree of packet loss is acceptable depending on the specific video coder and amount of error protection used. It is expected that the latest video codecs will provide acceptable video quality with frame erasure rates up to about 1%.

UMTS QoS

CONTENT:
UMTS QoS concept QoS requirement on UMTS QoS mechanism in UMTS
QoS in UMTS network QoS mechanism in UTRAN

QoS in UMTS
QoS profile configuration:
UE RNC SGSN GGSN

HLR

Subscriber#1 PDP context #3 PDP context #2 PDP context #1 ----------------PDP context ID APN Qos Profile

UMTS QOS Classes : Conversational class Steaming class Interactive class Background class

QoS in UMTS network

General idea:
UE 2

Attach
1 Subscribe time

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

HLR
PDP cont ext

3 3 5 RL/RB estabilishment 4

PDP Context Activation IP Qos mapping & establishment

RAB establishment QoS map to radio access bearers 5 5

5 RRM to map QoS to channals 4

PDP modification
IP-QoS remapping if required

QoS in UMTS network

Subscribers attach to net work
Subscriber#1 PDP context #3 PDP context #2 PDP context #1 ----------------PDP context ID APN PDP address Qos Profile

Subscriber#1
PDP context #3 PDP context #2 SGSN GGSN HLR PDP context #1 ----------------PDP context ID APN Qos Profile

UE 1.Attach Req

2.Insert Sub.Data 3.Insert sub. Data Ack

4.Attach Acpt

QoS in UMTS network

Admission control and QoS session establishment:
Subscriber#1 PDP context #3 PDP context #2 PDP context #1 ----------------PDP context ID APN PDP address Qos Profile

UE

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Host

1 Activate PDP Context Req (QoS Req) 2 Activate PDP Context Req (QoS Neq) SGSN may restrict requested QoS Given its capabilities, load and the 3 Activate PDP Context Rsp (QoS Neq) Subscribed QoS SGSN selects radio priority based on QoS negotiated GGSN may further restrict the QoS given its capabilities and load

4 RAB Setup (QoS Neg)

5 RL/RB Establishment 6 RAB Est.Rsp RRM Algorithms

QoS in UMTS network

Admission control and QoS session establishment:
Subscriber#1 PDP context #3 PDP context #2 PDP context #1 ----------------PDP context ID APN PDP address Qos Profile

UE

RNC

SGSN

GGSN

Host

In case QoS was downgraded by RNC , SGSN may inform GGSN about the new QoS

7 Update PDP Context Req (QoS Neq) 8 Update PDP Context Rsp (QoS Neq)

9 Active PDP context Acpt (QoS Neg) MS either accepts the QoS or deactivates the PDP context

QoS in UMTS network

Inter SGSN RA update:

UE

RNC
1 RA Update Req

New SGSN

Old SGSN

GGSN

2 SGSN Context Req/Ack.(QoS profile) 3 Update PDP Context Req (QoS Neq)
4 Update PDP Context Rsp (QoS Neq) 5 RA Update Acpt / Complete

QoS in UMTS network

Serving RNC Relocation:

UE

Source RNC

Target RNC

Old SGSN

New SGSN

GGSN

1 Relocation required (Source ID, target ID, SRNC-TRNC container) 2 Forward Rel. Req( PDP Context) 3 Relocation Req (SRNC-TRNC container,RABS) Establishment of RABs, RBs

4 Relocation Req ack ( RABS ok, RABS fail) 6 Relocation command 7 Relocation commit 8 Relocation of data
5 Forward Rel. Rsp

QoS in UMTS network

Serving RNC Relocation:

UE

Source RNC

Target RNC

Old SGSN

New SGSN

GGSN

9 Relocation detect

10 Update PDP context Req (Qos.neq)

11 Update PDP context Rsp 12 Relocation Comlete

13 Forward Rel. comp

14 Forward Rel. comp.ack

15 Iu release command
16 Iu release complete

UMTS QoS

CONTENT:
UMTS QoS concept QoS requirement on UMTS QoS mechanism in UMTS
QoS in UMTS network

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

Radio interface protocals:
RRC
User Plane Radio Bearers
L3

PDCP
Signaling Radio Bearers

BMC
L2

RLC
Logical channel

MAC
Transport channel

PHY

L1

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

PDCP

Packet data convergence protocol : Header compression and decompression of IP data stream. Maintenance of PDCP sequence number for radio bearers that are configured to support lossless SRNS relocation.

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

RLC
RLC mode Transparent mode : no overhead is added to higher layer data. Unacknowledged mode: no retransmission protocol is used and data delivery in not guaranteed. Acknowledged mode: Automatic repeat request (ARQ) mechanism is used for error correction. RLC function: segmentation and reassemble ; ARQ error correction ciphering

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

MAC function: Priority handling between different data flow is done by MAC; Transport Formation Selection , It control transport format for each flow.
TFC

TFS TF

TFCS

TrCH#1 TrCH#2 TrCH#3 TrCH#4

QoS mechanism in UTRAN

Mapping from QoS attributers to radio resource
Prameters Maximum bit rate (kbps) Maximum SDU size value 128 1500 Radio resource mapping Spreading factor =16 map to transport format

Residual BER Delivery of erroneous SDU

Transfer delay Guaranteed bit rate SDU error ratio delivery order

10-6 No
Na 64 1% yes

1/3 Turbo codec, Acknowledged RLC RLC configuration

interlever 10-80 ms Spreading factor =64 Set appropriate threshold for open loop power control RLC configuration