THE TEMPERATURE BOX: AN INTRODUCTORY CONTROL SYSTEMS PROJECT

OPPORTUNITY OF THE PROJECT

Project-based learning is a dynamic approach to teaching in which students explore real-world problems and challenges. With this type of active and engaged learning, students are inspired to obtain a deeper knowledge of the subjects they're studying.

It Helps Student to Synthesis Material

It creates Motivation in student by challenge.

INTRODUCTION
The temperature Box problem is a closed loop temperature control system. A feedback control system- measurements, comparison and actuation. Final laboratory in analogue and digital electronics.

INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING COURSE

Solutions of systems of algebraic equations.

Solutions of differential equations.

Transfer functions and operational amplifier circuits

Digital logic circuits.

THE TEMPERATURE BOX EXPERIMENT

Cork sheet box (plant)

Relay and bulb (actuator) Temperature sensor LM35 (feedback system)

Scale and shift, and comparison circuit (control system)

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE TEMPERATURE BOX

THE SCALE AND SHIFT CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

THE SCALE AND SHIFT CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

Input: Temperature Sensor- LM35 Equation for LM35 : V(s) = 0.0119TC 0.048

Modified sensor output : Vt= + Vs

Determining and values 0.5 = + 0.203 4.5 = + 0.368

= -4.421 and =24.24

PURPOSE OF USING SCALE AND SHIFT CIRCUIT

Increase the sensitivity in the temperature measurement (i.e. it modifies the sensor output to achieve a larger slope in the temperature/voltage relationship )

THE COMBINATIONAL COMPARISON CIRCUIT

VH = 4.5V

VL = 0.5V

DECISION MAKING RULES OF THE COMBINATIONAL COMPARISON CIRCUIT

The relay is on if VT<=VL<=VH

The relay is off if VT>=VH>VL

The relay state is unchanged if VL<VT<VH

The Three rules can be written as

KARNOUGH MAP FOR THE COMPARISON CIRCUIT

SEQUENTIAL COMPARISON CIRCUIT

RELAY CONNECTION AND CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

From flip-flop

Relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch which uses an electromagnet to operate a switching mechanism mechanically. Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.

CONCLUSION
Electrical and Electronic Engineering is getting advanced in our day to day life. From the experiment now we can easily design any kind of comparison control system (automatic traffic Light , High-Low Voltage detector.) and how to get feedback from it.

As we are now in the modern era of Electronics we have to think in new way . The way we did the experiment, here, is not so efficient and cost effective. We can do the whole system with only Microcontroller, transistor, lm35 and relay. Which will be very cost effective and less complicated.