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Film noir developed in the early 1940s during World War 2. The term film noir was adopted from French film critics (e.g. Nino Frank) who were shocked by its dark, cynical and seductive style which was very unusual during this time. After World War 2, films often reflected the dark, gloomy, bleak mood that was present in America. Depressive narratives were frequent with the protagonist always following a downward spiral journey. The endings of these films were rarely happy, revolutionary or optimistic making these films highly unique to usual films that serve as a purpose to entertain, aspire or gratify the audience. The majority of Film Noirs are shot in black and white to connote the gloomy mood and themes of death, doomed love and unhappiness. Newer Film Noirs, known as Neo-noirs, are occasionally shot in colour. There has been much conflict over the origins of the culture and genre of Film Noir. Three different theorems involve identifying Film Noir as a STYLE, a SUBGENRE or an INDEPENDENT GENRE in its own right. An example of some well known Film Noirs are: Body Heat (1981), Detour (1945), D.O.A (1950), Double Indemnity (1944), The Third Man (1949) ,Sunset Boulevard (1950), Notorious (1946) And Neo-Noir examples: Brick (2005), The Dark Night (2008), Batman Begins (2005), LA Confidential (1997)