DATA INTERPRETATION 1

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Presents

DI & LR
For
CAT 2009
DATA INTERPRETATION
INTRODUCTION
TYPE 1 : AVERAGES TYPE
 Questions are of the following type :

 A rural child specialist has to determine the weight of

different ages. He knows from past experience that
each child would weight less than 30 kg and each of
them would have different weights. Unfortunately, the
scale in the village could measure only weights above
30 kgs. So, he measured the children in pairs and the
weights are: 35,36,37,39,40,41,42,45,46 & 47 kgs. He
however forgot to note down their names. What is the
weight of the lightest child? (XAT 2009)

 A) 15 kg
 B) 16 kg
 C) 17 kg
 D) 18 kg
 E) 20 kg
SOLUTION
 Let us assume there are 5 children such that
A<B<C<D<E
 Now, A+B/A+C/A+D/A+E would be the possible
combinations. So, each child is weghed 4 times.

 So,
4(A+B+C+D+E)=
35+36+37+39+40+41+42+45+46 +47
A+B+C+D+E = 408/4 = 102

 We know, A+B = min = 35, D+E = max = 47

(35)+C+(47) = 102 => C = 20 kgs.

SOLUTION
 So, we have the weights as
A<B< 20< D< E

 Examining the options, we can rule out (e) as,

if 20 was least weight, A and B cannot be
lesser.

 Also, 18 + 17 = 35, so 18 cannot be least

weight! So, (d) is out.

 Also, 15 + 20 = 35, but 20 is supposed to be

3rd largest. So, (a) is ruled out.
SOLUTION
 Now, using (b) and (c)

 (b) 16 < B < 20 < D < E

 So, B should be 35 – 16 = 19

Now, we get 16 < 19 < 20

Examine all their combinations :
16+19 = 35
16+20 = 36
19+20 = 39
SOLUTION
 Let’s check (c)

 (c) 17<B<20<D<E
 17 + 18 = 35
 So, 17<18<20<D<E

Examine all their combinations :

17+18 = 35
17+20 = 37
18+20 = 38 (wrong)

So, (c) is wrong, correct answer is (b)

SLIGHT MODIFICATION
 There are 6 students in a class, where marks are arranged
as A>B>C>D>E>F (all integers)

 Their teachers gave sum of marks of 5 of them as follows :

Teacher Marks
English 232
Math 238
Bio 244
Geo 245
Marathi 250
Hindi 256
History 235
 But, one of them is lying. Using the above info, answer the
following questions.
SLIGHT MODIFICATION
What is the difference between the highest
and lowest total score?
a) 21 b) 24 c) 18 d) 27 e) none

4. What is the second highest score?

a) 55 b) 56c) 57 d) 55 or 56 e) none

5. What is the least possible score?

a) 34 b) 35 c) 36 d) 37 e) none

6. If sum of at least 2 scores is 80, which can

be sum of 2 or more scores?
a) 93 b) 104 c) 110 d) 102 e) none
SOLUTION
 No. of combinations = 6C5 = 6 combinations

 But, we are given 7 values. So 1 value is redundant.

 Now, let us consider the redundant value as X

5(A+B+C+D+E+F) + X =
232+238+244+245+250+256+235
= 1700
So, A+B+C+D+E = (1700 – X)/5
As all the marks are integers, 1700 – X must be
divisible by 5.

This will happen only if X is ending with 5 or 0

SOLUTION
 So, only geography, marathi or hindi
teachers can be lying.
 Consider Geo teacher is lying.

 Then,

(1700 – 245) / 5 = 291

Now, we obtain the various marks as,
(A+B+C+D+E) – (A+B+C+D) = E
Ie.,
291 – 232 = 59 291 – 250 = 41
291 – 238 = 53 291 – 256 = 35
291 – 244 = 47 291 – 235 = 56
SOLUTION
 Arrange such that A>B>C>D>E
 The marks can be tabulated for each lying
teacher as follows.

Teacher Total A B C D E F
Geo (1700-245)/5 = 291 59 56 53 47 41 35
Marathi (1700-250)/5 = 290 58 55 52 46 40 34

Hindi (1700-235)/5 = 293 61 58 55 49 43 37

SOLUTION
 Answering the questions :
What is the difference between the highest
and lowest total score?
a) 21 b) 24 c) 18 d) 27 e) none
 Solution: In each case
 59-35 = 24 | 58-34 = 24 | 61-37 = 24
5. What is the second highest score?
a) 55 b) 56 c) 57 d) 55 or 56 e) none
 Solution:
 From each case, we get second highest scores as
56,55 and 58
SOLUTION
1. What is the least possible score?
a) 34 b) 35 c) 36 d) 37 e) none
 Solution:
 Least possible score is present in case with
marathi teacher lying -> 34

3. If sum of at least 2 scores is 80, which can

be sum of 2 or more scores?
a) 93 b) 104 c) 110 d) 102 e) none
 Solution:
 Sum of least scores = 80, in case with Hindi
Teacher lying. Here we get, 55 + 49 = 104. and
no other combination.
EXERCISE

Visit the following link for exercises on this

type of Data Interpretation Problems.

http://nov15.wordpress.com/?attachment_id=89
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