Measures of Variability

Sets of grades in Statistics of two sections

Wisdom Faith

Mark: 82 Hero: 70 Jennylyn: 80 Sandara: 95 Rainier: 83 Joross: 60 Yasmien: 81 Roxanne: 80 Nadine: 79 Melissa: 100 Mean: 81 Mean: 81

Measures of Variability or Dispersion

are measures of the average distance of each observation from the center of the distribution they measure the homogeneity or heterogeneity of a particular group

Several Measures of Variability or Dispersion

Range Mean Absolute Deviation Variance Standard Deviation

Measures of Variability for Ungrouped Data

Range
is the difference between the highest and lowest values the simplest but the most unreliable measure of variability since it uses only two values in the distribution

R H v Lv

Where: R = range Hv = highest value Lv = lowest value

Mean Absolute Deviation

is the average of the summation of the absolute deviation of each observation from the mean

X X MAD N
Where: X = is a value or score from the raw data X = is the mean N = total number of observation

Variance
is the average of the squared deviation from the mean Population Variance:
2

X X
N

Sample Variance:

X X
N 1

Where: X = is a value or score from the raw data X = is the mean N = total number of observation

Standard Deviation
is the square root of the average deviation from the mean, or simply the square root of variance Population Standard Deviation: Sample Standard Deviation:

X X
N

X X
N 1

Where: X = is a value or score from the raw data X = is the mean N = total number of observation

Coefficient of Variation
is the ratio of the standard deviation to the mean it is used to compare the variability of two or more sets of data even when they are expressed in different unit of measurement

s cv X
Where: cv = coefficient of variation X = is the mean s = standard deviation

Measures of Variability for Grouped Data

Range

R UL LL
Where: R = range UL = upper limit (highest class) LL = lower limit (lowest class)

Mean Absolute Deviation

f MAD

XX N

Where: X = is the class mark X = is the mean N = total number of observation f = frequency

Variance
Population Variance:

f X X N

Sample Variance:

f X X N 1

Where: X = is the class mark X = is the mean N = total number of observation f = frequency

Standard Deviation
Population Standard Deviation:

f X X
N

Sample Standard Deviation:

f X X
N 1

Where: X = is the class mark X = is the mean N = total number of observation f = frequency

TABLE I
Score Distribution of Students in Literature Quiz
CI 79 10 12 13 15 16 18 19 21 22 24 25 27 28 30 f 8 13 19 21 18 12 3 1 CB LCB UCB 6.5 9.5 9.5 12.5 12.5 15.5 15.5 18.5 18.5 21.5 21.5 24.5 24.5 27.5 27.5 30.5 Class Mark (x) 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 <CF 8 21 40 61 79 91 94 95 fx 64 143 266 357 360 276 78 29