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Thoughts Perceptions
Memories Stored knowledge
Fears Unacceptable sexual desires Violent motives Irrational wishes Immoral urges Selfish needs Shameful experiences Traumatic experiences
The Psyche
Id: Instincts
Ego: Reality
Superego: Morality
Healthy Psyche
OK Guys Im in charge. Anything you want has to go through me. OK.
OK.
Ego
Id Superego
Neurotic Psyche
Listen up! Im in charge, and you are not here to enjoy yourselves. Get ready for a double-size portion of anxiety with a side order of guilt! No fun.
>whimper<
Superego Id Ego
Psychotic Psyche
Sex! Food! Drink! Drugs! NOW!
Who turned out the lights?
Id
Ego
Superego
Psychopathic Psyche
OK. First, gimme food. Then I want sex lots of it and I dont particularly care whether its with a willing partner. Then I want to hurt people. Badly. Probably be hungry again after that so
Defense Mechanisms
Function: Used by ego to defend against anxiety Involves distortion of reality Operate unconsciously
Defense Mechanisms
Defense Mechanisms(contd)
Denial
Projection
Attribute unacceptable thoughts or impulses onto others (project these inappropriate thoughts etc onto others)
Repression
Displacement
Shifting attention from one target that is no longer available to a more acceptable or safer substitute
Internal impulses and memories too threatening so bared from entering awareness
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Defense Mechanisms(contd)
Sublimation
Reaction Formation
Converting unacceptable and dangerous impulses into something positive to reduce anxiety
Healthiest defense mechanism Compromise Takes socially unacceptable impulses and turns them into something positive & acceptable
Rationalization
Regression
Reverting to behavior that is characteristic to an earlier stage of development when confronted with stress or anxiety
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Defense Mechanisms(contd)
Identification
Intellectualization
Also called isolation of affect T ponder topics such as death and separation without the negative emotions
Affiliation oneself psychologically with a person, group or institution. Wearing T-Shirts or jackets with sports teams.
Undoing
Isolation
Refusing to deal with or encounter unpleasant objects or situations.
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Defense Mechanisms(contd)
Compensation
Emotional Insulation
Coping with stress by engaging in actions rather than reflecting on internal feelings.
Fantasy
Aim Inhibition
Accepting a modified form of the original goal Such as becoming a basketball coach rather than a professional athlete.
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Oral
STAGE
(0-18 months)
FOCUS
Pleasure centers on the mouth-sucking, chewing, biting Pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control Pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings. Oedipus and Electra Complex Zone. Dormant sexual feeling Maturation of sexual interest
Anal
(18-36 months)
Phallic
(3-6 years)
Latency Genital
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Free association
Patient says whatever comes to mind Catharsis: Expression of emotions that is expected to lead to the reduction of disturbing symptoms
Dream analysis
The royal road to the unconscious and Guardian of Sleep
Manifest content (what it Appeared to be) Latent content (repressed Thoughts Seeking Expression) According to Freuds(1955) dream symbolism theory, dreams contain objects that depict male and female sexuality
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Ruling Type: desire for control Getting Type: dependent on others Avoiding Type: avoidant and isolated Socially Useful Type: self-control and social interest
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For Horney, neurosis stems from opposing desires to move toward, against, and away from others which she called attitudes Horney outlined ten neurotic needs that reflect personal maladjustment in moving toward, against, and away from people
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Thank You