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Chapte
r
Leadership
Learning Outcomes
After studying this chapter, you will be able
to:
Define leadership and leader.
Compare and contrast early leadership theories.
Describe
the
three
major
contingency
leading
is
one
of
the
four
management
1.Initiating Structure
2.Consideration Structure
leader
who
is
high
in
consideration
helps
Contingency Leadership
Theories
According to contingency theories, whether or
not
I- Fiedlers Contingency
Model
Fiedlers contingency model helps explain why a manager
may be an effective leader in one situation and ineffective
in another; it also suggest which kinds of manager are
likely to be most effective in which situations.
Fiedler proposed that a key factor in leadership success was
an individuals basic leadership style, which could be
categorized
oriented.
as
either
relationship
oriented
or
task
Fiedlers Contingency
Model (con)
Fiedlers Contingency
Model
(con)
Fiedler assumed a persons leadership
style was
Fiedler
identified
three
situational
Fiedlers Contingency
Model (con)
1) Leader-Member Relations
2) Task Structure
The second situational characteristic that Fiedler described as the
degree to which job assignments were formalized and structured;
rated as either high or low.
3)
Position Power
Fiedlers Contingency
Model (con)
Fiedler
identified
eight
leadership
Fiedlers Contingency
Model (con)
Fiedlers Contingency
Model (con)
Leader
Leader
Effectiveness
Effectiveness
Directive
Directive
Supportive
Supportive
Employee
Employee
motivation
motivation
Employee
Employee
satisfaction
satisfaction
Acceptance
Acceptance of
of
leader
leader
Participative
Participative
AchievementAchievementoriented
oriented
Environmental
Environmental
Contingencies
Contingencies
conditions managers do not have to play a leadership rolethat members of an organization sometimes can perform
highly without a manager exerting influence over them.
Similarly,
when
managers
empower
their
for
leadership
can
increase
Contemporary Views of
Leadership
Contemporary views of leadership include:
1.Transformational Leadership
2.Transactional Leadership
Transformational
Leadership
An exciting new kind of leadership
Transformational
Leadership (con)
Transactional Leadership
Transformational
leadership
is
often
contrasted
with
punish
low
performers,
and
motivates