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Comparison of Single Carrier and Multi-carrier (OFDM) PSK transmission schemes in Multi-path Wireless channel Professor : Dr. Pao Lo Liu Teaching Assistant: Saurav Bandyopadhyay Group Members:
Asghar Hasnain Anantakrishna Varanasi Pavan Venugopal
Electrical Engineering
Presentation Outline
Understanding Multipath Wireless channel and ISI
OFDM and OFDM Block Diagram Our approach
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Electrical Engineering
High Data rate requires smaller symbol period If symbol period < delay spread then we have ISI. Effect of Modulation Scheme and Symbol period on ISI.
BER BER
Electrical Engineering
Solution to ISI
Having multiple carriers and making the symbol period on each carrier higher than the delay spread of the channel . Effective rate will be high because we are using multiple carriers (serial to parallel conversion). This is similar to FDM where we use different carriers in nonoverlapping frequency bands NOT BANDWIDTH EFFICIENT In OFDM due to the orthogonality property of the carriers we place them as close as possible ensuring bandwidth efficiency.
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Our approach
To use MATLAB to simulate a multi path (frequency selective fading) channel for a given number of Multi Paths. We will explain and use the FIR filter model of a Frequency Selecting Fading Channel. Simulate Modulator and Demodulator Structures for the Single and Multi Carrier PSK Transmission System along with proper Symbol Generation system to simulate Frequency Selective Fading in the Wireless Channel Employ equal degree of FEC or forward error correction such as Rate Punctured Convolution Encoder/Decoder (RCPC) and compare the BER performance of both the Single and Multi Carrier Transmission systems against symbol period and SNR . Compare the Results and give a justification if the use of MultiCarrier Transmission is sensible.
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Channel Encoder/Decoder
ENCODER The data is then encoded for the channel based on the channel rate. We use RCPC ( Rate Compatible Punctured Convolution Codes). RCPC is used to give different level of protection for the data bits. The channel rates used are (1/3 , 1/2 and 2/3).
Electrical Engineering
Channel Encoder/Decoder...contd.
DECODER The data recovered is in the form of + 1 and -1 (bipolar form). The bits recovered from demodulator inserted with zeros at the punctured places-- this is the UNQUANT MODE. These bits are then decoded using VITERBI Decoder. We use the standard vitdec ( ) function in MATLAB.
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Modulation / Demodulation
The symbols are then modulated and demodulated using the different modulation schemes 1. BPSK Modulation
2. QPSK Modulation 3. 8PSK Modulation 4. 16PSK Modulation 5. 8QAM Modulation 6. 16QAM Modulation 7. 32QAM Modulation 8. 64QAM Modulation
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Electrical Engineering
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Electrical Engineering
channel is frequency selective and in order to reconstruct the symbols at the receiver we need the channel response at the position of the symbol. We insert known pilot symbols very next to our symbols and send them through the same channel filter. At the receiver we estimate the channel response by using the pilot symbols and take the frequency response of the channel to be the same at the position of the symbol We correct the distortion in the symbols of interest using the approximate channel response obtained using pilot symbols.
Electrical Engineering
Electrical Engineering
Our function inserts the Cyclic Prefix to serve as a Guard time for the OFDM time signal. The length of the Guard Time (M) is chosen to be the length of the filter. We basically copy the last M samples of the previous block and attach it to the beginning of the current block.
Electrical Engineering
SIMULATION RESULTS
SINGLE CARRIER SINGLE CARRIER
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COMPARISON OF SINGLE CARRIER AND MULTI CARRIER PSK SYSTEM FOR BER VS USER SNR 0
10
10
-1
10
-2
10
-3
10
-4
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
USER SNR
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COMPARISON TABLES
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Future Work:
Implementation of the same with Time Varying Channel and Rician Fading Coefficients. Addressing the Problem of Peak to Average Power Problem in OFDM.
Electrical Engineering
Questions?
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THANK YOU