CIVIL SOCIETY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

GROUP MEMBERS: HANNAN SOHRAB SHAHZAIB RAFIQUE

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Definition: Refers to the continuous, concerted actions of policy makers and communities that promote the standard of living and economic health of a specific area. Increase in the standard of living in a nation's population with sustained growth. Transition from agriculture-based to industry-based economy.

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Contd: Such actions can involve multiple areas including development of human capital, critical infrastructure, regional competitiveness, environmental sustainability, social attachment, health, safety, literacy, and other initiatives.

Efforts that seek to improve the economic well-being and quality of life for a community.

CIVIL SOCIETY
Civil society comprises the groups of individuals which freely associate to pursue their mutual ,social, cultural, professional, sporting, religious or other common interests. They are neither instruments nor agents of the state. They have one thing in common. They are neither created nor controlled by the state. Instead, they arise from the desire to associate to fulfil common objectives. Civil society is the part of society that consists of organizations and institutions that help and look after people, their health, and their rights.

Civil Society
civil society is as a "third sector," different from government and business.

Also known as INTERMEDIARY INSTITUTIONS Such as NGO, Community

Based Organizations (CBOs),Professional associations, Religious groups,Trade unions, Citizen advocacy organizations, That give voice to various sectors of

society and improve public participation in democracies.

CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATIONS (CSOs)

The huge number of associations around which society voluntarily organizes itself and which can represent a wide range of interests and links, from ethnicity and religion, through shared professional, developmental and leisure pursuits, to issues such as environmental protection or human rights.

ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS

Civil society organizations have many important functions. They provide a platform for association, which is the foundation of democracy. They represent the interests of their members, helping them speak with one voice on important policy issues. They can be supervisory body enhancing the clearness of public life and monitoring whether the government follows the rule of law.

ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS

Civil society organizations (CSOs) play a key role in society. 1. They run a wide range of development projects, such as income-generating activities or education initiatives that can be effective in reducing poverty. They are familiar with local conditions and can often reach out to the very poorest sections of the population.

2.

ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS

They give emphasis to important

issues such as gender inequality

and injustice, while serving as channels through which poor and downgraded people can express and win support for their needs and interests.

CIVIL SOCIETY IN PAKISTAN

Pakistan is in a deep civil and economic crisis. During the past decade, the standard of living has declined, poverty has increased, and political and legal institutions lack the public's trust due to corruption and cycles of political crisis. Civil society in Pakistan is generally weak, and has only recently begun to address macro political issues. Nonetheless, there are some potentially promising results that are beginning to emerge from the efforts of coalitions and networks of NGOs and community-based organizations (CBOs) to educate citizens about the meanings of democracy, representation, and the role of voters.

Structure of Civil society in Pakistan:

According to Aga khan Development network There are 10,000 to 12,000 Registered NGO in Pakistan. If unregistered are considered then the number reaches 60,000. Registered under six different laws. The Societies Act (1860), Companies Ordinance (1984), the Trust Act (1882), the Charitable Endowments Act (1890), the Co-

operative Act (1925) and the Voluntary Social Welfare Agencies

Ordinance (1961).

Civil Society in Pakistan

Political parties. Nongovernmental organizations. Charitable organization. Trade unions. Think tanks (a body of experts providing advice and ideas on specific political or economic problems.) jirgas Media. Religious groups

Political Parties
Political parties of developed countries accommodate peoples aspirations and contribute to society in an independent and critical manner. In Pakistan political parties are failed to fulfill peoples aspirations. They are only power seekers.

Trade union
The Trade Unions in Pakistan are involved in Collective bargaining for a labor contract between an employer and employees.

Trade Unions in Pakistan

All Pakistan Trade Union Federation Pakistan Labour Federation All Pakistan Federation of Trade Unions All Pakistan Federation of United Trade Unions

Pakistan National Federation of Trade Unions

Muttahida Labour Federation Pakistan Pakistan Mazdoor Mahaaz General Federation of Trade Unions (GFTU-2005)

SHAHZAIB RAFIQUE

Paper and Electronic Media

The media is one of the most important institutions of democracy and of civil society. In Pakistan media is working freely. It is the job of media to highlight those issues which are not good for the people and prevent dishonest component and social norms. Media tells the people what precisely they are, what are their standards ,quality and society. Pakistan media addresses the issues and demonstrate them to the government, and reminds them their duties.

NON GOVERMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS

NGOs:
NGOS are the non-governmental organizations. These are to perform the
job which should basically be performed by the government itself. These

are Private, non-profit citizen organizations, pressure groups and support

centers. Also referred to as the citizen sector

TYPES & ACTIVITIES OF (NGOs) IN PAKISTAN

Care & Welfare NGOs
Such type of NGOs work for the human rights of population i.e. Education, health, sanitation etc. Such as AHO, HOPE Education on human rights is an important element of NGOs activities. Opening schools for poor people in remote areas. Health is a priority for many organizations. Free medical camps for poor and needy human to protect their lives from the disease.

TYPES & ACTIVITIES OF (NGOs) IN PAKISTAN

Advocacy and lobbying NGOs
Advocacy means arguing on behalf of a certain issue, idea or person Changing the attitude of government Showing the problem Convincing the society Advocacy and lobbying NGOs are well-known, though their actual impact is low. These include organizations focused on legal rights, literacy, womens issues, children, minorities and human rights.

TYPES & ACTIVITIES OF (NGOs) IN PAKISTAN

Oversight / Accountability NGOs
Such NGOs keep an eye over the government policies regarding the public welfare programmes. Their purpose is to participate in and initiate dialogue about policy issues with the government. They are involved with public raising the voice against the laws and in justice for the public.

TYPES & ACTIVITIES OF (NGOs) IN PAKISTAN

Emergency, rehabilitation and relief organizations
The majority of NGOs in Pakistan fall into this category. These involved in implementation of development projects and programmes Such NGOs are very much active during the disasters e.g. Earth quakes, Floods etc. They work for providing necessities to effected people on priority basis.

TYPES & ACTIVITIES OF (NGOs) IN PAKISTAN

Community Mobilization NGOs
Such NGOs work for the development of community in rural areas of Pakistan. Dr. Akhter Hameed Khan (15 July 1914 9 October 1999) was a development activist and social scientist credited for pioneering microcredit and microfinance initiatives, farmers' and rural training programmes in the developing world.

Dr. AKHTAR HAMEED KHAN

He promoted participatory rural development in Pakistan and other developing countries, and widely advocated community participation in development. He was one of the world's most prominent social scientists from Pakistan who proved his class by developing rural areas and low-income urban

settlements through Comila project in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) and

the Orangi pilot project in Karachi. He achieved it through involvement and motivation of the common man. Dr. Akhtar Hameed Khan strongly spoke against the dependence on foreign aid and foreign experts and instead utilized people coming primarily from the local community.

Failure of NGOs in Pakistan :

The failure of non-governmental organisations and misappropriation of funds by them is not a new phenomenon in Pakistan. The corruption and dishonesty has lunged in all sectors of Pakistan .....so as with these organizations. As per government official publication: The deserving people get a very small amount While on the other hand, NGOs get huge amounts on the recommendations of Ministers or influential. A higher number of NGOs, besides enjoying the foreign funds, also tap funds from the sources which basically are for the welfare of poor, orphans and widows such as Bait-ul-Maal. The government and public now termed such NGOs civilized thieves, looters, dacoits! a survey of the Punjab University published in Newspapers entailing 80% of NGOs of the country gets millions of dollars without doing any welfare work. Their only aim is plundering money. Only 20% NGOs are relatively functional. All NGOs are fully familiar with the current situation but no one is actually ready to handle and tackle it .

Challenges of Civil Society in Pakistan

unreliable governance: lack of guidance

weak economy: dont have enough resources for development activities.

natural disasters : earth quake, floods

terrorist threats: suicide bombing, security threats

Political instability: democracy and dictatorship.

Recommendation and Suggestions

There should be unity and commitment with in the civil society.

There should be no racism.

Strong monitoring by the donor is necessary to avoid corruption with in ngos. Media should highlighting the problems of the people to the state. Associations and NGOs should monitor public policies and decision-making processes through dialogue with the government itself and with the political parties.

Contd: Promote interest of the poor

Support community development Providing basic social services. The government must involve the representatives from civil society organizations in active and open dialogue when making any laws that will affect civil society organizations in Pakistan. The leaders of political parties should change their orientation from simply seeking power to engaging with issues.

Press and electronic media freedom should be protected from any action
taken by government or media owners.

THANK YOU