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Meaning of wages
The term wages referred to the remuneration paid
to the workers for his services to the organization. Normally the wage period is shorter than salary period .
NEED OF WAGES
Better food, Better clothes Better housing Better schooling
These are the needs that constantly worry a person. What fields and crops are to the farmer, ones job and wages are to the industrial worker.
(Disputes) Act.
In the year 1929, the Royal Commission on Labor found that the Act
had ceased to be used. The Government therefore, repealed the Act in 1932.
The Indian Trade Disputes Act 1929 provided for setting up Courts of
Government wide powers to make rules or issue special orders to restrain strikes and lockouts and to refer any dispute including wage disputes to conciliation or adjudication.
emphasized
fixation of statutory minimum wages in sweated industries promotion of fair wage agreements in the more organized
industries.
The Central Advisory Council in its first session (November
1948) appointed a Tripartite Committee on Fair Wages consisting of representatives of employers, employees and Government to enquire into and report on the subject of fair wages to labor.
In 1978, Government of India appointed a Committee on
under the chairmanship of Dr. C. H. Hanumanth Rao made a strong recommendation for a national minimum wage for rural labour.
TYPES OF WAGES
Broadly wages can be divided as:
WAGES
Subsistence wages
Minimum wages
Fair wages
Living wages
These wages are like a ladder, going from the lowest subsistence wage to the top living wage
Maintains workers health, comfort and also some insurance against the more important misfortunes of life. Fair wages are adjustable. It moves up according to capacity of the industry to pay & the prevailing rates of wages in the area or industry. Provides not only for bare physical needs of worker, but also looks after the measures for health, education & other needs. Meets only bare physical needs of worker without any reference to the other members of the family or to any degree of comfort, health or security
Subsistence wages
amount of money a worker receives as payment for work, for example: Rs.1800
Real wages: This refers to the goods and
services which money wages can buy. The amount of goods and services which can be bought from Rs.1800 will differ from time to time due to rise or fall in the cost of living.
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
THE PAYMENT OF WAGES ACT,1936 THE MINIMUM WAGES ACT, 1948 THE PAYMENT OF BONUS ACT, 1965 THE EQUAL REMUNERATION ACT,1976
of wages by the employer PART II Specifies the heads under which deductions can be made from wages PART III Provides machinery for enforcing specific claims arising out of delayed payments , deduction from wages etc.
commission on dec,1961and it came into force from oct,1965. The objective is to maintain peace and harmony between labor and capital by allowing the employees to share in the prosperity of the establishment reflected by the profits earned by the contributions made by capital, management and labor.
equal remuneration to men and women and for the prevention of discrimination, on ground of sex , against women in the matter of employment. It also seeks to provide for increasing opportunities for women in the specified employments.
There are two parts of the Schedule. Part I has non-agricultural employments whereas Part-II has employment in agriculture
The norms include those which were recommended by the Indian Labor Conference in its session held in 1957 at Nainital. (i) 3 consumption units for one earner. worker = 1.0 units wife = 0.8 units 2 children @ 0.6 each =1.2 units Total : 4 persons = 3.0 consumption units (ii) Minimum food requirements of 2700 calories per average Indian adult. (iii) Clothing requirements of 72 yards per annum per family. (iv) Rent corresponding to the minimum area provided for under Government's Industrial Housing Scheme. (v )Fuel, lighting and other Miscellaneous items of expenditure to constitute 20% of the total Minimum Wages.
Norms
Enforcement Machinery
The enforcement of the
provisions of the Minimum Wages Act in the Central Sphere , is secured through the officers of Central Industrial Relations Machinery. In State Sphere the enforcement is the responsibility of the respective State Government/Union Territory.
Skilled
Semiskilled 148.04
Un-skilled
Industry
Automobile
157.96
141.62
157.96
157.96
148.04
148.04
141.62
141.62
Skilled
Un-skilled
Industry
Automobile
Skilled
Un-skilled
Industry
Automobile
Skilled
Semiskilled 112.75
Un-skilled
Industry
Automobile
112.75
112.75
83.35
93.77
83.35
93.77
83.35
93.77