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 c im tn hiu nh
Cc khng gian mu
Cc php tn cng trn nh
Cc phng php ADL trn nh
Cc o
Hng pht trin

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nh nh phn

1 bit

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nh nh phn

1 bit

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nh nh phn

nh xm

1 bit

8 bits

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nh nh phn

nh xm

1 bit

8 bits

nh mu

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nh nh phn

nh xm

nh mu

1 bit

8 bits

24 bits

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RGB

CMYK

HSV

YIQ

Red-Green-Blue

Cyan-Magenta-Yellow
(Black)

Hue- SaturationValue
Da trn nn tng
trc gic

Luma- inphasequadrature

Hin th

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In n

Truyn hnh, x
l nh

X l nh

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Dng trong cc h thng in t my tnh

R, G, B: [0, 255]

sRGB, Adobe RGB v Adobe Wide Gamut RGB

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L khng gian mu in 4 mu

Dng trong cc h thng in n

Spot color, CMYKOG, CcMmYK

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 C 1 R

M 1 G
Y 1 B

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R 1 C

G 1 M
B 1 Y

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Value
Saturation

Hue

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Th hin mi quan h ca cc mu chnh xc hn

H: 003600 ;
S, V: 01

HSL, HSB

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Y = 0.5

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nh dng
nh qut:
JPEG/JFIF, Exif,
TIFF, RAW, PNG,
GIF, BMP, PPM,
PGM, PBM, PNM

Nn khng mt mt:
ABO, GIF, JBIG, ,
PGF, PNG, TIFF

nh nh phn

nh vector: CGM,
SVG, vvv

Nn mt mt: DjVu,
HAM, ICER, JPEG,
JBIG2, PGF,
Wavelet compression

nh xm

nh 3D: PNS, JPS,

MPO

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Kiu nn

Kch
thc

nh mu

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nh dng
nh qut:
JPEG/JFIF, Exif,
TIFF, RAW, PNG,
GIF, BMP, PPM,
PGM, PBM, PNM

Nn khng mt mt:
ABO, GIF, JBIG, ,
PGF, PNG, TIFF

nh nh phn

nh vector: CGM,
SVG, vvv

Nn mt mt: DjVu,
HAM, ICER, JPEG,
JBIG2, PGF,
Wavelet compression

nh xm

nh 3D: PNS, JPS,

MPO

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Kiu nn

Kch
thc

nh mu

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nh dng
nh qut:
JPEG/JFIF, Exif,
TIFF, RAW, PNG,
GIF, BMP, PPM,
PGM, PBM, PNM

Nn khng mt mt:
ABO, GIF, JBIG, ,
PGF, PNG, TIFF

nh nh phn

nh vector: CGM,
SVG, vvv

Nn mt mt: DjVu,
HAM, ICER, JPEG,
JBIG2, PGF,
Wavelet compression

nh xm

nh 3D: PNS, JPS,

MPO

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Kiu nn

Kch
thc

nh mu

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nh dng
nh qut:
JPEG/JFIF, Exif,
TIFF, RAW, PNG,
GIF, BMP, PPM,
PGM, PBM, PNM

Nn khng mt mt:
ABO, GIF, JBIG, ,
PGF, PNG, TIFF

nh nh phn

nh vector: CGM,
SVG, vvv

Nn mt mt: DjVu,
HAM, ICER, JPEG,
JBIG2, PGF,
Wavelet compression

nh xm

nh 3D: PNS, JPS,

MPO

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Kiu nn

Kch
thc

nh mu

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Phng to

Xoay
Thu nh
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Xn nh

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Mosaic

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JPEG

BMP
GIF
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PNG
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1 M N
2

MSE
I
(
i
,
j
)

I
(
i
,
j
)

MN i 0 i 0

2552
PSNR 10log10
MSE

PSNR = 26.54
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PSNR = 21.94

PSNR = 21.62
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M N
1
MAE
W(i , j ) W(i , j )

255 M N i 0 j 0

MAE = 0
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MAE = 0.0074

MAE = 0.214
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M ha bit t quan trng

nht

Da trn s khc bit cc

cp pixel
Da trn histogram 1
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001
5

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0101

0100

0011

0010

0011

0011

1
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1 bit
PSNR = 51.14

4 bit
PSNR = 31.77
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5 bit
PSNR = 25.72

2 bit
PSNR = 44.14

3 bit
PSNR = 37.90

6 bit
PSNR = 19.89

7 bit
PSNR = 13.99
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Bc 1
Chia cp trn tn hiu cover

(x, y) = (206, 201) vi b = 1

(206, 201)

Bc 2
l= (x + y) / 2 =203

Tnh gi tr trung bnh

(209, 198)
Bc 3

b =(chun
1
Tnh gi tr khc bit
v m
rng)

Bc 4
Hnh thnh tn hiu stego
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h = x y =5
h' = 2h + b = 11

x' = l + (h' + 1) / 2 = 209

y' = l h' / 2 =198
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Bc 1
Chia cp trn tn hiu cover

(x', y') = (209, 198)

Bc 2
l= (x' + y') / 2 =203

Tnh gi tr trung bnh

Bc 3
Tnh gi tr khc bit m rng

h = x' y' =11

Bc 4
Tn hiu watermark

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b = LSB(h') = 1

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Bc 5
h = h'/ 2 = 5

Tnh gi tr khc bit

Bc 6
Truy hi tn hiu cover

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x = + (h + 1) / 2 = 206
y = h / 2 = 201

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101101
6

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1 011 0 1

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1 011 0 1
6

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=3

=6

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Phc hi nh cha gc

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 Cng thc chuyn i t khng gian

RGB sang HSV, YUV.
u/khuyt im ca tng thut ton
Mc v hnh ca tng thut ton
Kh nng chng chu tn cng

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