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SYSTEM
MODELING
Aziana (GS#####)
Harlina binti Ngah (GS25434)
Azazi Ngatiman (GS24816)
Haspirudin Basiron (GS25050)
M. Maaroff Bahurdin (GS25258)
Overview
1.What is modeling?
2.What is simulation?
3.What is simulation modeling and
analysis?
4.What types of problems are suitable
for simulation?
5.How to select simulation software?
6.What are the benefits and pitfalls in
modeling and simulation?
2
WHAT IS MODELING?
SYSTEM MODELING
WHAT IS MODELING?
3
Modeling Definition
Modelling is the process of producing a
model which:
System modeling
WHAT IS SIMULATION?
6
Simulation
A simulation of a system is:
Øan analysis tool for understanding
the system.
Øthe operation of a model of the
system.
Shannon [1975] defines simulation as an
experimental and applied methodology
which seeks to:
i. describe theories or the behavior of
systems;.
ii.construct hypotheses that account
for the observed behavior;
iii.use these theories to predict
future behavior, that is, the
effects that will be produced by 7
Simulation is used before an existing
system is altered or a new system
built.
To reduce the chances of
failure to meet
specifications
To eliminate unforeseen
WHY? bottlenecks
To prevent under or over-
utilization of resources
To optimize system
performance
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Simulation Study
Schematic
ØHuman decision making is
required in:
Model development
Experiment design
Output analysis
Conclusion formulation
Making decisions to alter
the system under study
*Human intervention is not
required while running the
simulations.
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Strengths of Simulation
Time compression – the potential to simulate
11
WHAT IS SIMULATION
MODELING AND ANALYSIS?
System modeling
WHAT IS SIMULATION
MODELING AND ANALYSIS?
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Simulation Modeling &
Analysis
Ø System modeling is a technique to express,
visualize, analyze and transform the
architecture of a system
Ø A system may consist of software
components, hardware components, or
both and the connections between these
components
Ø It can increase reliability and reduce
development cost by making it easier to
build systems, to reuse previous built
components within new systems, to
change systems to suit changing
requirements such as functional 13
enhancement and platform changes, and
Simulation Modeling &
Analysis
Ø The purpose of analyzing existing
systems is to understand how the
system does what it does
Ø Whether the system is maintained or
it is prepared to be transformed,
e.g. to another hardware platform,
the emphasis of system analysis lies
on understanding of which
components it is built and how they
interact
Ø A system model as the result of this
analysis, again, aids to the 14
Simulation Study
Simulation Study:
(1)Human decision making is required
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SIMULATION STUDY
SCHEMATIC
Real Simulation
11 Steps
World Study
System Under Simulation
Study Model
Simulation
Experiment
Altered Simulation
System Analysis
Conclusions
16
Simulation Model
Ø Consist of the following components:
o system entities
o input variables
o performance measures
o functional relationships
18
Simulation Experiment
It is a test or series of test, meaningful
changes are made to the input
variables
We can observe and identify the
design
(8) Establish experimental conditions 19
Simulation Analysis
Most simulation packages provide run
Steps Involved:
(10) Interpret and present result
action
20
WHAT TYPES OF PROBLEMS
ARE SUITABLE FOR
SIMULATION?
System modeling
23
HOW TO SELECT SIMULATION
SOFTWARE?
System modeling
24
Types of simulation
software
25
Types of simulation
software
General purpose programming lan
Available
ØBut over a wide
when compared variety
with Simu
ØLess expensive Package
ØGreater flexibility
may require more “programming
ØEasier development
lead to “longer
ØLess cost: totime” and “higher
obtain
ØE.g. Visual Basic, C++
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Types of simulation
software
Using simulation packages
Øreduced programming requirements
But when compared
Øconceptual with built in features
guidance:
GPL:
Øanimation
Øautomated
ss known
gathering of statistics
ss flexible
Øgraphic symbolism
for communication
gher cost
Øflexibility to change the model
ngerØ execution
Ø
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Simulation language
29
Application oriented-
simulators
30
Metric for evaluations
31
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS AND
PITFALLS IN MODELING AND
SIMULATION?
System modeling
System Modeling
MANUFACTURING MODEL
EXAMPLE USING WITNESS
35
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References
1. Maria, A. INTRODUCTION TO MODELING AND
SIMULATION. in 1997 Winter Simulation
Conference. 1997
2. Bakry, S.H., SIMULATION SOFTWARE. 1996.
3. Miller, S. and D. Pegden. INTRODUCTION TO
MANUFACTURING SIMULATION. in 2000 Winter
Simulation Conference. 2000.
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