PBL for Supporting Critical Thinking

BLOK 1 FK UNSRI

Objectives:
Background of critical thinking Definition of critical thinking Component of critical thinking Way to enhance critical thinking Definition of PBL Types of PBL Component of PBL Practice with PBL PBL preparation

Key Questions
Why does critical thinking? What is critical thinking? How to enhance critical thinking ability? What is PBL? How the student should prepare for PBL?

Case
Dr. Rame, saw an advertisement from internet that there is a new supplement to decrease body weight. He directly recommend the supplement to his patient which bought via MLM company. After consumed the complement, his patients report that they got allergy cause by supplement

Why Critical Thinking ?

Why critical thinking ?

Medicine is
Deep & extensive Priorities Rapidly develop Always adaptive Art & science Excessive variation

Medicine is deep and extensive

You have to know

What are your competencies What are your priorities What you need

Medicine is rapidly develop

Doctor is a long-life learning profession

You have to always adaptive
Always looking for new information Critically appraise of all information
Validity, reliability, necessarily

Medicine is art & science

You have to determine your own style/ methods

But always consider ethics and standard

What is critical thinking ?

Ennis: Reasonable reflective thinking that is focused on deciding what to do or believe. The intellectual disciplined process of actively and skillfully conceptualizing, applying, synthesizing, and or evaluating information gathered from, or generated by, observation, experience, reflection, reasoning or communication as a guide to belief and action.

What are the component of CT ?

Kennedy, Fisher & Ennis : Identify the problem with their assumptions Clarify & focus on problem Analyze the problem Inferential or resumed Logically thinking base on inductive & deductive Evaluate the validity & reliability of assumptions, data, & information

How to enhance critical thinking?

Always focused, do & believe on critical thinking concept in learning How:
Perform the critical thinking component in learning of some issues

Some methods in Medical School

Pro-ACTIVE
Problem-Objective-Alternative-ConsequencesTradeoffs-Integrate-Value-Evaluate

COBMT
Clinical Oriented Basic Medical Teaching

Ommundsen Group Discussion PBL

Problem Based Learning

Etc.

What is Problem Based Learning?

A small group discussion moderated by tutor
The process called tutorial

Stimulated (triggered) by problem Stimulate student to critically think about how to think the content with some steps of thinking The student must:
Determine the problem Think how to solve it Evaluate the resolution

Example of PBL Steps

Mc. Master & Queens University (Unpad) Read the problem Brainstorming Hyphothesis - What we know - What we need to know Learning issues Diana F Wood (7-Step) Mastrict, UGM,Unand Identify & clarify unfamiliar terms Define the problems Brandas Step (UI) Clarification and definition of the problem Analysis of the problem Development of hypothesis Identification the knowledge needed Identification of what already is known Brainstorming Discuss the problems Explanation of prior knowledge Identify incomplete knowledge Identification learning resources Collection of new information Synthesis of old and new information Repetition of steps, as necessary Review step 2-3 Tentative solutions Formulate learning objective Private study Discus result of private study Identification of what was not learned Summary of what was not learned Testing the understanding of knowledge

Identify/discuss/assign Individual reading/research Return - Review case - Report and discuss - Assess progress - Self evaluation - Next problem

PBL steps in FK-Unsri

Modification from all steps
1st phase of TUTORIAL
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Term clarification Identify the problems Analyze the problems Formulate the hypothesis Formulate the limited knowledge & learning issues

1. Self Directed Learning 2nd phase of TUTORIAL 7. 8. 9. Synthesis and resume of self learning result Identify new learning issues Self Directed learning

Plenary discussion

Lets go to PBL

The trigger
Namaku Siti Maonah, saya mau cerita: Siti Kelembungan temanku, lagi bersedih. Dia sedih karena pacarnya Raden John Tralala memutuskan hubungan atas perintah ibu si Raden.

Setahuku Raden John Tralala adalah keturunan bangsawan Palembang asli. Ibunya mensyaratkan agar setiap calon istri anaknya harus bisa membuat pempek lenggang. Sedangkan Kelembungan mahasiswa FK-Unsri yang terlalu sibuk belajar, sehingga tidak tahu bagaimana cara memasak
Ayo teman-teman mari kita tolong Siti Kelembungan

1. Term Clarifications

2. Identify the problems

P = (O E)xC
P = Problem O = Observe E = Expected C = Concern

Problem ?

3. Analyze the problems

Make a lot of questions related to problems (5W1H) ? ? ?

Brain-storming !!!
Try to answer your own questions

4. Formulate the hypothesis

5. Formulate learning issues

2nd phase of TUTORIAL Synthesis and resume of self learning result Identify new learning issues Self Directed learning Plenary discussion

You want to success in PBL

Dont do this: Act without think (impulsive) Need help in every learning (overdependent) Do not understand the causative relation Do not think comprehensive (miss meaning) Over convinced to believe the truth (dogmatis) Not fleksibel (think tight) Always afraid (do not confidence) Lazy to think harder (anti-intellectual).

Thank You

The future.