Gothic Art

Gothic Art

Characteristics of Gothic Style

Elegant soaring buildings Light through stained glass Ribbed Groin vaults Pointed Arch Flying buttresses and high walls

FLYING BUTTRESS, in architecture, the term given to a structural feature employed to transmit the thrust of a vault across an intervening space, such as an aisle, chapel or cloister, to a buttress built outside the latter.

Politics and Society

Development of Towns Economy Intellectual pursuits Age of the Cathedral

Black Death: The Bubonic Plague

France

Suger, St. Denis, 1140-44, Gothic

Abbot Suger

Town

Floor plan

Exterior

Sculpture

Interior

Floor plan of choir

Interior with windows

Stained Glass Windows

Chartres Cathedral, c.1134-1220, Gothic

Triforium

Flying Buttress

Ground plan

Nave

Royal Portal, West Faade Chartres, c.1145-55

Jamb Sculpture

Jamb Sculpture

Stained Glass

Details

Rose Window, Chartres Cathedral, c.1224, Gothic

Detail

Plate tracery and Bar tracery

Cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, 1163c1270, Gothic

film1

West Faade

Gargoyles

Nave drawing

Nave

Ground plan

Piers and Columns

Windows

Flying Buttresses

Portal Sculpture

Reims Cathedral, c.1211-1428

Annunciation & Visitation, c.1230-45, Gothic

Detail

Comparison

Detail

Sainte-Chapelle, c.1243-48, Rayonnant Gothic

Interior

Detail

Independent Sculpture

Virgin and Child, c.1339, International Gothic Style

Fleur-de-lis

Book Arts

Developments in Manuscript Illumination

Center moves to Paris Rise of University rise in books Cottage industry New types of books develop

Lodge Books
Tool of master mason Visual guide Describes how to create the elements

Bible Moralisee, 1266-34, Gothic

Psalter of Saint Louis, 1253-70, Court Style/Gothic

Other page

Pucelle, Book of Hours of Jeanne dEvereux, c.1325-28, Gothic

Perpetual Calendar

Book of Hours of Jeanne dEvereux

Annunciation detail

England

Political Situation
Plantagenet dynasty (1154-1485) Conflicts Territory changes Great Patrons of the Arts/Architecture

Cistercian Example

Salisbury Cathedral, c.1220-58, English Gothic

Interior

Gothic Castle layout

Germany & The Holy Roman Empire

Political Situation
Decentralized Hall church Emperors and patrons of the arts Sculptural center Mosan

Verdun, The Shrine of the Three Kings, c.1190-1205, Gothic

Ekkehard and Uta, c.1245-60, Gothic

Detail

Vesperbild, c.1330, Gothic

Italy

Political Situation
Age of division and economic expansion Germany/Holy Roman Empire no longer a force France & Spain & Papal Authority & Independent City States Artist emerges end of 13th century

Painting

Cimabue, Virgin and Child Enthroned, c.1280, Gothic

Detail

Giotto, Arena Chapel, 1305-6, Gothic

Lamentation

Film painting

Ambulatory and radiating chapels Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France
1140-1144

Ambulatory and radiating chapels Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France
1140-1144

Plan of the choir Vaults of the ambulatory and radiating chapels of the choir Abbey Church of Saint-Denis Saint Denis, France
1140-1144

West facade of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France

begun 1134, rebuilt beginning 1194

Royal Portal, west facade Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France

ca. 1145-1155

Old Testament queen and two kings jamb statues, doorway of Royal Portal Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France
ca. 1145-1155

West faade of Laon Cathedral Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

Plan and nave of Laon Cathedral Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

nave of Laon Cathedral Laon, France

begun ca. 1190

Clerestory

Triforium
Gallery

Arcade

Laon

Paris

Chartres

Amiens

Gothic nave elevations

Gothic Rib Vaults

South faade of Notre Dame Cathedral Paris, France

begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225

South faade of Notre Dame Cathedral Paris, France

begun 1163, nave & flying buttresses ca. 1180-1200, remodeled after 1225

Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France

begun 1134 rebuilt beginning 1194

Plan of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France

as rebuilt after 1194

Nave of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France

as rebuilt after 1194

Gothic Cathedral

Virgin and Child and Angels (Notre Dame de la Belle Verrire) choir of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France
ca. 1170 stained glass 16 ft. x 7 ft. 8 in.

Jesse Tree
West facade of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France
ca. 1150-1170 stained glass

Triforium wall of the nave Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France
ca. 1200-1260

Rose Window and lancets

north transept of Chartres Cathedral

Chartres, France
ca. 1220 stained glass rose approximately 43 ft. in diameter

Saints Martin, Jerome, and Gregory jamb statues, Porch of the Confessors South transept of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France
ca. 1220-1230

Saint Theodore jamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs South transept of Chartres Cathedral Chartres, France
ca. 1230

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont West facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France
begun 1220

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont East facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France
begun 1220

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont Choir vaults of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France
begun 1220

Robert de Luzarches, Thomas de Cormont, and Renaud de Cormont nave of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France
begun 1220

Christ (Beau Dieu) trumeau statue of central doorway west facade of Amiens Cathedral Amiens, France
ca. 1220-1235

West faade of Reims Cathedral Reims, France

begun ca. 1225-1290

Nave of Reims Cathedral Reims, France

begun ca. 1225-1290

Visitation jamb statues of central doorway west facade of Reims Cathedral Reims, France
ca. 1230

Sainte-Chapelle

Paris, France
1243-1248

interior of the upper chapel Sainte-Chapelle Paris, France

1243-1248

Virgin and Child (Virgin of Paris) Notre-Dame Paris, France

early 14th century

West faade of Saint-Maclou Rouen, France

ca. 1500-1540

Hall of the Cloth Guild Bruges, Netherlands

begun. 1230

Villard de Honnecourt Figures based on geometric shapes folio 18 verso of a sketchbook from Paris, France
ca. 1220-1235 ink on vellum 9 1/4 x 6 in.

God as architect of the world folio 1 verso of a moralized Bible from Paris, France
ca. 1220-1230 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 13 1/2 x 8 1/4 in.

Blanche of Castille, Louis IX and two monks dedication page (folio 8 recto) of a moralized Bible from Paris, France
1226-1234 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 15 x 10 1/2 in.

Abraham and the Three Angels folio 7 verso of the Psalter of Saint Louis from Paris, France
1253-1270 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 5 x 3 1/2 in.

Master Honor
David anointed by Samuel and battle of David and Goliath folio 7 verso of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel from Paris, France
1296 ink and tempera on vellum 7 7/8 x 4 7/8 in.

Jean Pucelle David before Saul folio 24 verso of the Belleville Breviary from Paris, France
1325 ink and tempera on vellum 9 1/2 x 6 3/4 in.

Virgin of Jeanne dEvreaux from the abbey church of Saint-Denis Saint-Denis, France
1339 silver gilt and enamel 27 1/2 in. high

The Castle of Love and knights jousting lid of a jewelry casket from Paris, France
ca. 1330-1350 ivory and iron 4 1/2 x 9 3/4 in.

Salisbury Cathedral Salisbury, England

1220-1258; west faade completed 1265; spire ca. 1320-1330

Plan and Nave of Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury, England
1220-1258

Nave of Salisbury Cathedral

Salisbury, England
1220-1258

Choir of Gloucester Cathedral

Gloucester, England
1332-1357

Tomb of Edward II Gloucester Cathedral Gloucester, England

ca. 1330-1335

Chapel of Henry VII

Westminster Abbey London, England
1503-1519

Gerhard of Cologne Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany

begun 1248

Gerhard of Cologne Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany

begun 1248

Saint Elizabeth

Marburg, Germany
1235-1283

nave of Saint Elizabeth

Marburg, Germany
1235-1283

Death of the Virgin tympanum of left doorway, south transept Strasbourg Cathedral Strasbourg, France
ca. 1230

Eckehard and Uta statues in the west choir Naumburg Cathedral Naumburg, Germany
ca. 1249-1255 painted limestone 6 ft. 2 in. high

Bamberg Rider statue in the east choir Bamberg Cathedral Bamberg, Germany
ca. 1235-1240 sandstone 7 ft. 9 in. high

Virgin with the Dead Christ Rttgen Piet from the Rhineland, Germany
ca. 1300-1325 painted wood 2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high

Arm Reliquary of Charlemagne from Aachen, Germany

1481 gilt silver and enamel 85 cm high

Nicholas of Verdun Klosterneuburg Altar from the abbey church at Klosterneuburg, Austria
1181 gilded copper and enamel 3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high

Nicholas of Verdun Klosterneuburg Altar from the abbey church at Klosterneuburg, Austria
1181 gilded copper and enamel 3 ft. 6 3/4 in. high overall

Nicholas of Verdun Shrine of the Three Kings from Cologne Cathedral Cologne, Germany
ca. 1190 silver, bronze, enamel and gemstones 5 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. x 3 ft. 8 in.

Milan Cathedral Milan, Italy

begun 1386

Cimabue Madonna Enthroned with Angels and Prophets

ca. 1280-1290 tempera on wood 12 ft. 7 in. x 7 ft. 4 in.

Giotto di Bondoone Madonna Enthroned

ca. 1310 tempera on wood 10 ft. 8 in. x 6 ft. 8 in.

Duccio di Buoninsegna Virgin and Child Enthroned with Saints from the Maest altarpiece from Siena Cathedral, Siena, Italy
1308-1311 tempera on wood 7 ft. x 13 ft.

Simone Martini and Lippo Memmi Annunciation

1333 tempera and gold leaf on wood 10 ft.1 in. x 8 ft. 8 3/4 in.

Claus Sluter

Well of Moses
Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France
1395-1406 stone figures approximately 6 ft. high

Limbourg Brothers

May from Les Trs Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Richard de Bello(?) Mappamundi of Henry III

ca. 1277-1289 tempera on vellum 5 ft. 2 in. x 4 ft. 4 in.

Late Gothic Art

William V. Ganis, PhD

Visitation jamb statues of central doorway west facade of Reims Cathedral Reims, France
ca. 1230

Virgin of Jeanne dEvreaux from the abbey church of Saint-Denis Saint-Denis, France
1339 silver gilt and enamel 27 1/2 in. high

Eckehard and Uta statues in the west choir Naumburg Cathedral Naumburg, Germany
ca. 1249-1255 painted limestone 6 ft. 2 in. high

Master Honor
David anointed by Samuel and battle of David and Goliath folio 7 verso of the Breviary of Phillipe le Bel from Paris, France
1296 ink and tempera on vellum 7 7/8 x 4 7/8 in.

The Basilica of Saint Anastasia western facade Verona, Italy

1290-1481

The Basilica of Saint Anastasia nave Verona, Italy

1290-1481

The Basilica of Saint Anastasia nave and chapels Verona, Italy

1290-1481

Domenico Curtoni The Basilica of Saint Anastasia Altar of Our Lady of the Rosary Verona, Italy
late 16th- early 17th century

Limbourg Brothers

May from Les Trs Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Limbourg Brothers

February from Les Trs Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Limbourg Brothers

January from Les Trs Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Limbourg Brothers

October from Les Trs Riches Heures du Duc de Berry

1413-1416 ink, tempera and gold leaf on vellum 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 in.

Claus Sluter

Well of Moses
Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France
1395-1406 stone figures approximately 6 ft. high

Mechior Broederlam Retable de Champmol From Chapel of the Chartreuse de Champmol, Dijon, France
Installed 1399 tempera on panel panels each 5 ft. 3 3/4 in. x 4 ft. 1 1/4 in.

Jan van Eyck

Ghent Altarpiece (closed)

Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium
1432 oil on wood 11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Jan van Eyck Ghent Altarpiece (closed) (detail of St. John the Evangelist) Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium
1432 oil on wood 11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Jan van Eyck

Ghent Altarpiece (open)

Saint Bavo Cathedral, Ghent, Belgium
1432 oil on wood 11 ft. 5 3/4 in. high

Rogier van der Weyden

Deposition
from Notre- Hors-les-murs, Louvain, Belgium
ca. 1435 oil on wood approximately 7 ft. 3 in. x 8 ft. 7 in.

Rogier van der Weyden

Judgment Altarpiece (open)

Htel-Dieu, Beaune, France
ca. 1444-1448 panel 7 ft. 4 5/8 in. x 17 ft. 11 in.

Dirk Bouts

Last Supper
From Saint Peters, Louvain, Belgium
1464-1468 oil on wood approximately 6 ft. 5 in. high

Hugo van der Goes

Portinari Altarpiece (open)

From SantEgidio, Florence, Italy
ca. 1476 tempera and oil on wood 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 10 ft. (center) 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 7 1/2 in. (wings)

Hugo van der Goes

Portinari Altarpiece (open)

From SantEgidio, Florence, Italy
ca. 1476 tempera and oil on wood 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 10 ft. (center) 8 ft. 3 1/2 in. x 4 ft. 7 1/2 in. (wings)

Hans Memling

Saint John Altarpiece

Hospital Sint Jan, Bruges, Belgium
1479 oil on wood 5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 5 ft. 7 3/4 in (center) 5 ft. 7 3/4 in. x 2 ft. 7 1/8 in (wings)

Robert Campin Merode Altarpiece (open)

ca. 1425-1428 oil on wood 2 ft. 1 in. 2 ft. 1 in. (center)

Jan van Eyck Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride

1434 oil on wood 2 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 11 1/2 in.

Petrus Christus A Goldsmith in His Shop (St. Eligius)

1449 oil on wood 3 ft. 3 in. x 2 ft. 10 in.

Jan van Eyck Man in a Red Turban

1433 oil on wood 10 1/4 in. x 7 1/2 in.

Jan van Eyck Annunciation

c. 1435 oil on canvas 93 x 37 cm

Jan van Eyck Annunciation

c. 1435 oil on canvas 93 x 37 cm

Rogier van der Weyden Portrait of a Lady

ca. 1460 oil on panel 13 3/8 in. x 10 1/16 in.

Hieronymus Bosch The Temptations of Saint Anthony

1510 oil on wood 70 x 51 cm

Hieronymus Bosch The Temptations of Saint Anthony

1510 oil on wood 70 x 51 cm

Hieronymus Bosch The Creation of the World

1505-1510 oil on wood 76 3/4 x 43 1/4 in.

Hieronymus Bosch Creation of Eve, Garden of Earthly Delights, Hell

1505-1510 oil on wood 7 ft. 2 5/8 in. x 6 ft. 4 3/4 in. (center)

Hieronymus Bosch Garden of Earthly Delights

1505-1510 oil on wood 7 ft. 2 5/8 in. x 6 ft. 4 3/4 in. (center)

Hieronymus Bosch Garden of Earthly Delights (center panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch Garden of Earthly Delights (center panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch The Creation of Eve (left panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch The Creation of Eve (left panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch The Creation of Eve (left panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch Hell (right panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Hieronymus Bosch Hell (right panel)

1505-1510 oil on wood 220 x 389 cm

Jean Fouquet

Melun Diptych tienne Chevalier and Saint Stephen

ca. 1450 oil on wood 3 ft. 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in.

Jean Fouquet

Melun Diptych tienne Chevalier and Saint Stephen

ca. 1450 oil on wood 3 ft. 1/2 in. x 2 ft. 9 1/2 in.

attr. Enguerrand Quarton The Avignon Pieta

ca. 1455 oil on wood 5 ft. 4 in x 7 ft. 2 in.

Hunt of the Unicorn

ca. 1498-1500 wool, silk, and metal thread 12 ft. 1 in. x 12 ft. 5 in.

Unicorn in Captivity
ca. 1498-1500 wool, silk, and metal thread

Konrad Witz

Miraculous Draught of Fish

from Cathedral of St. Peter, Geneva, Switzerland
1444 oil on wood 4 ft. 3 in. x 5 ft. 1 in.

Stephan Lochner Madonna in the Rose Garden

ca. 1430-1435 tempera on wood 1 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 4 in.

Stephan Lochner Madonna in the Rose Garden

ca. 1430-1435 tempera on wood 1 ft. 8 in. x 1 ft. 4 in.

Veit Stoss

Death and Assumption of the Virgin

from Church of St. Mary, Krakw, Poland
1477-1489 painted and gilded wood 43 ft. x 35 ft. overall

Tilman Riemenschneider The Assumption of the Virgin center panel of the Creglingen Altarpiece Creglingen, Germany
1495-1499 carved lindenwood 6 ft. 1 in. wide

Johannes Gutenberg

Gutenberg Bible
printed in Mainz, Germany
ca. 1454-55 printed ink on paper 43-62 cm

Johannes Gutenberg

Gutenberg Bible
printed in Mainz, Germany
ca. 1454-55 printed ink on paper 43-62 cm

Michel Wolgemut and Shop Nuremburg Chronicle

1493 printed ink on paper

Martin Schongauer Temptation of Saint Anthony

ca. 1480-1490 engraving 13 x 11 in.

Gil de Silo

Christ Crucified
Carthusian Monastery
1496-1499 painted and gilded wooden altarpiece

Plateresque Portal Colegio de San Gregorio Valladolid, Spain

ca. 1498

film2