Blood borne Pathogens

Presented by: HS2 Anderson

What are Blood borne Pathogens?

Pathogenic (meaning capable of causing or producing a disease) microorganisms that are present in human blood and cause disease in humans.
-Mosbys Medical dictionary, 5th edition
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How do you catch a BBP???

Through direct contact with Infected:
Blood Semen Pus Vaginal secretions Amniotic fluid Saliva
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Blood borne Diseases

Hepatitis B & C H.I.V. (Human immunodeficiency virus) A.I.D.S. (Acquired immunodeficiency Syndrome) Just to name a few.

Hepatitis B & C
Inflammation of the liver Millions of carriers in U.S. Carriers are infectious and may develop serious liver diseases
Cirrhosis (scarring of liver) Liver cancer

Most persons recover

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Hepatitis B
(The Virus) Incubation period long: 45 to 160 days Fatality rate about 1.4% Spread mostly via blood, vaginal fluids, semen, saliva from a bite
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Hepatitis B
(The Virus)
Chance of infection after a stick: 6% to 30% Survival outside the body: 7 days or longer Vaccine: available to prevent infection, not to cure illness.
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Disease: AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Incidence: Over 1 million persons infected in U.S. Infection rate: increasing (fewer dying) Spread: mostly via blood, semen, and vaginal secretions
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HIV and AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)

35,000 people are infected annually An infected person may carry the virus for years before symptoms appear No cure and no vaccine at present

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Chance of infection after stick: less than 1% Survival of virus outside body: short time Vaccine: not available
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

Onset usually insidious- may not develop for 10 years after infected with HIV May be prevented by immediate prophylaxis (treatment)
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Other Exposure Hazards

Cleaning surfaces contaminated with blood, vomit ,feces ALWAYS wear gloves and protective apron or clothing Be alert for sharp objects, broken glassware, used syringes in trash (AMIO and boarding operations) Do not pick up broken glass - use brush or broom & dustpan Dispose of glass, sharp objects safely Laundry - bloody or contaminated linens or sharp objects

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Modes Of Exposure and Transmission

Percutaneous (through the skin) Stick by needle or other sharps Splash on rash, sore, cut, or scratched skin Mucocutaneous (through a mucous membrane) Splash into eyes, nose, or mouth Sexual Contact (a whole other P.P.)
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Common Sense Rules

Wash hands & remove protective clothing before eating, drinking, smoking, handling contact lenses, applying lip balm or cosmetics Keep hands away from eyes, nose, mouth while cleaning Frequent hand washing is best defense against spreading infection
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Summary
Protect yourself on and off the job- know the facts Practice good personal hygiene Follow work rules, use gloves and protective clothing Wash your hands often, after work or exposure Keep areas clean - report problems immediately to supervisors
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