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Team members: Ency Caroline Farhath Jabien Felly Melisa Nishachand Vohreh
In contrast to Modern medicine TCM fewer and less severe side effects than single pure drugs.
Imperial herb
Ministerial herb Assistant herb Servant herb Changes in composition and different imperial herb different pharmacological action.
Acupuncture inserting fine needle to specific points increase circulation and balance energy of the body.
Qigong- slow movement and relaxation exercise circulate energy and overall health.
Cinnamon
Ginger Licorice
Qi All manifestations of energy, from the most material aspects of energy (such as the earth, flesh and blood) to the most immaterial aspects (light, nerve impulses, thought, and emotion).
TCM
WESTERN MEDICINE Use Hi-tech machine more expensive. Have high standardization
Use more conventional and simple method and machine less expensive. Lack of standardization
GINSENG
INTRODUCTION
The name ginseng comes from the Chinese term called renshen which literally means man root. The most commonly used species are Asian ginseng, called Panax ginseng In Greek, panax means heal all
Evolutionary history
Kingdom Subkingdom Superdivision Division Class Subclass Order Family Genus Species Plantae Plants Tracheobionta Vascular plants Spermatophyta Seed plants Magnoliophyta Flowering plants Magnoliopsida Dicotyledons Rosidae Apiales Araliaceae Ginseng family Panax L. ginseng Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. Chinese ginseng http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PAGI2
Moreover, these active gene is know to produce 124 various proteins with this sequence:
Chemical Structure
-Ro
-Ra1
-Ra2
-Rc
http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=100018&loc=ec_rcs
Uses of Ginseng
for stimulating the mind strengthening the body improving memory, increasing vitality extending endurance cleansing the body of stress fighting fatigue to control diabetes
DRUG DESIGN
Ginsenoside Rb2 which is one of the components of ginseng saponin, also exhibits the effect of lowering blood sugar level. Firstly tested in a diabetic rat (Mus musculus) In this study, when diabetic rats were treated with ginsenoside Rb2 of Panax ginseng, there was a significant reduction in blood glucose. (Ramawat,K.G.etal.(2008) Biotechnology of Medical Plants: Ginseng. France:Laboratories et Biotechnologie)
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_rep ort&list_uids=19651
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_re port&list_uids=19651
Evolutionary History
Began during Jurassic era The genus changed very little for than 80 million years Can be seen that the leaves changed from many lobes to single The seeds also from being clumped together to a single seed
Phylogenetic Tree
FOSSILS
CAGAACCAGACCTCGTGCAAGGAATGAAACGGATGGGAGATGTATATTATATAC ATCGATAGATATGTAATATGCTCATCTATTCCAATGTGATAATTGTGAAATAAGAT CAAATCAATTCATGGTTAAGTCAAATGAGTCAATGGATAAAGCTGGATGGCTTTA ATCATAGGTAAAACCAGAGGAACGAGCTTCTGTTCCTCATTTCAATGAGGAATTC CCGTTACTAATTAGAAGTTAAGAGCATATTGGTGTCCGATATGGGGGAGGTTTTT CCCGTGAGTAGATCAGGGATTGATTCGCCTAGAATGAGTCCTAGGTATTCGAGG AAAAATGTGTAAGAAAAATAGTTTACTGACCAAGTCAATTTATTCTACAAGTCAGG AGAGCGATCAGGTCGCCAATATAAAGTCTTTTCATCATCCCTCATGACGAACGAT ATCTTTGAATAGAAGATCTCTTGAATAGAATCCCTATCTTTCAGATAGATCATTAT CTATTCCGTCCTGACCGGATCGCACCGTGTATTATTTCATAACCCAAGAAGTTAC TCTCACAAGGGCCATAGCCAAGGTTTTATTCAAAATGGATAAGTTCAAAAGAGAC GGAGAAGAATATATATCCTATCAA
Ginkbilobin-2, GAFP, The Novel Antifungal Protein From Gingko Biloba Seeds
ANTAFVSSACNTQKIPSGSPFNRNLRAMLADLRQNTAFSGYDYKTSRAGSGGAPTA YGRATCKQSISQSD CTACLSNLVNRIFSICNNAIGARVQLVDCFIQYEQRSF
Drug Design
Many organic and inorganic components present in Gingko Most important are terpenes and flavoids that causes the leaf extracts to be used as traditional remedies for issues like fungal infections. The protein Ginkbilobin-2, GAFP found in extract binds to Benzodiazepine receptors of mitonchondria.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Bilobalide.png
http://www.scielo.br/img/revistas/rbfar/v17n3/02x01.gif
Acts as antioxidant
Laboratory studies have shown that GBE improves blood circulation by dilating blood vessels and reducing the stickiness of blood platelets (terpenes) Acts as an anti-fungal herb
VS
http://personaltrainerluxembou rg.com/wpcontent/uploads/2009/04/relax gym-300x296.jpg http://images.google.com.sg/imgr es?imgurl=http://www.life123.com /bm.pix/health-alt-naturopathymeditation.s600x600.jpg&imgrefu rl
GKBL_GINBI DYR_LACCA
Drugs:
Firstly ,participants were given mixture of drugsway.
The five drugs in the cocktail provide measurements of the pathways that determine the pharmacokinetics of over 90 percent of prescription drugs. The scientists measured the presence of these drugs or their metabolites in each subject's blood and urine to establish a platform.
After some time, the same group of people were tested with herbs.
the 1st group received a ginseng supplement and a placebo(fake) for ginkgo biloba. the 2nd received ginkgo biloba and a placebo for ginseng. the 3rdv received both ginseng and ginkgo biloba supplements. the 4th received placebos for both supplements. The prescription drug cocktail was again given and blood and urine samples taken and compared with the previous test.
Results:
No significant differences were observed when a person takes one or both or none of the herb supplement. Ambiguity: Researchers conducted the test to find out what happens to the drug after being consumed but did not take into account the effect of drug on the body.
Conclusion:
Based on the test conducted, it can be observed that, consuming both TCM and western medicine together does not enhance the effect of the modern drugs. both TCM and western medicine have similarities on curing a common ailment. Our stand: it is solely an individuals right to choose which treatment he wishes to have. However, the responsibility lies in his hands to outweigh the benefits and losses of which ever treatment he chooses.