WAN Optimization Framework

Introduction
Juniper WAN optimization framework uses the WXC Series techniques to provide a scalable, comprehensive and secure Enterprise WAN Solution Technologies : Compression, Caching, Acceleration, Bandwidth Management & Reporting

Integrated WXC Series Framework

Benefits
Dynamic feedback and updating Integrated measurement and monitoring QoS support & configuration Multipath Support Deployment and flexibility to install the network Integrated network services

How it works?
Increasing application performance
Increasing WAN Capacity Speeding Transmissions QoS Support & Configuration Deployment Flexibility Ease of use Using Multiple WAN Links Complete monitoring Scalability Security

Increasing WAN Capacity

WAN capacity can be increased by upgrading the capacity of that link However, the upgrade option is costly and time consuming. Juniper networks provides a cost-effective solution by using market-leading compression and caching. It provides Molecular Sequence reduction (MSR) technology, which uses memory based pattern dictionary to detect and eliminate data repetitions. Businesses have gained two to four fold increase in their capacity.

Key Attributes of MSR Technology

Even though its memory of repeated patterns is very large, the compression technique adds very little latency of about 2ms. It has the ability to maintain its compression capabilities even on very large amounts of bandwidth.

WXC Series framework

It complements the award-winning MSR compression technology with a technique called network sequence caching. It enables the WXC series appliances to increase WAN capacity by recognizing larger data patterns than MSR compression. NSC relies on embedded hard disks to store longer data patterns for longer periods of time.

NSC Technology
It appears to be almost similar to file caching, due to its operation on large patterns of data. Differences are that file caching is designed to eliminate large redundant file transmissions, but fails to deliver for two limitations.
It works on a single application and since enterprises have a mix of applications, its impact on reducing WAN transmissions is limited. It operates only on exactly repeated files.

In contrast, Junipers sequence caching works on any IP-based application. It also recognizes repeated data patterns and eliminates them, even when a file has been modified. Also the use of on-board hard disks enables sequence caching to provide tens to hundred of gigabytes of storage, so even sequences seen several days earlier can be eliminated.

Benefits
MSR and Sequence caching reduces traffic for any IP traffic- not just TCP or UDP so WXC series benefits a broader set of applications than many other compression techniques. The WXC series builds and maintains a dictionary of repeated patterns across the aggregate of tunnels to remote devices to improve compression results overall. Traditional compression techniques can buffer only a limited number of repeated patterns. In contrast WXC series can store many more and longer repeated data patterns.

Speeding Transmissions
Major challenge in speeding transmission is latency. Each send and acknowledge operation is subject to the full delay of a WAN round trip time (RTT). To overcome these delays, an application acceleration platform requires both TCP acceleration to benefit a broad range of applications and application-specific acceleration to speed applications whose Layer-7 protocols are less efficient than TCP.

TCP acceleration techniques

The Fast Connection Setup technique improves the performance of short-lived connections by eliminating one RTT from the TCP connection setup, speeding up applications that use short connections and have chatty protocols. The Active Flow Pipelining technique accelerates TCP performance by terminating the TCP connection local to the sender and using a more efficient transport protocol between the WXC Series.

 The Forward Error Correction technique limits the need for retransmissions on lossy networks. It makes use of recovery packets, sent alongside data packets that index those data packets, allowing for reconstruction of lost packets. Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft File Services, and web-based applications are three broadly used business applications that require application-specific acceleration.

 In the case of Exchange and file services, their underlying protocols send data in small blocks and require an acknowledgement for each, resulting in hundreds or even thousands of RTTs to complete a single transaction.

This result in decrease of performance when used across the WAN link.
The AppFlow technology accelerates these applications by pipelining the data blocks and web objects, sending as many in quick succession as needed to fill the available WAN capacity

QoS Support and Configuration

Since speeds between the LAN and the WAN differ by orders of magnitude, there is a dramatic discontinuity in bandwidth. This means that contention for WAN problem needs to be addressed with an effective and realistic QoS and bandwidth allocation model. Many WAN optimization platforms rely on per-flow manipulation of traffic to apply QoS policies thus making it incredibly complex. This granular micromanagement of applications, however, consumes too much of ITs precious time, limiting its effective use and, worse, quickly becomes out of pace as new sites or applications appear.

QoS Support and Configuration

The WXC Series Framework approaches QoS and bandwidth allocation with a practical, solutions-based orientation, making sure that mission-critical application traffic arrives where it needs to within the required Service Level Agreement(SLA). This approach strikes the needed balance between performing QoS in the most appropriate devicethe WAN optimization platformand keeps implementation simple.

 Q. Why is the WAN optimization and application acceleration platform the best point in the network to perform QoS and bandwidth allocation? ANS. Because its the last point in the network that sees uncompressed traffic. If an edge WAN router performs QoS rather than the WAN optimization device, for instance, and it enforces QoS on already compressed traffic, the QoS policy will be incorrectly applied since compressed traffic will have a disproportionate share of the bandwidth.

QoS Support and Configuration

For example, if the QoS policy specifies that voice traffic should receive 10% of the available bandwidth and data traffic should receive 5%, but those parameters are applied after compression, data will constitute far more of the total bandwidth since its highly compressible, while voice traffic is not. Getting constant feedback on WAN dynamics is essential to implementing QoS successfully.

QoS Support and Configuration

For QoS to operate effectively throughout the enterprise, the WAN optimization platform requires a holistic view of the WAN. Many WAN optimization platforms have no understanding of the destination location. This kind of one-sided QoS deployment is important for including sites without WAN optimization platforms.

QoS Support and Configuration

Understanding both ends of the WAN link provides extensive advantages. This kind of dual-sided deployment allows the WXC Series platform to automatically map traffic according to the QoS template assigned to that destination device.

QoS Support and Configuration

While the dual-sided approach provides for the greatest link understanding and dynamic behavior, the WXC Series platforms also support one-sided deployments of QoS as well, to enable a consistent QoS policy across the distributed enterprise. Bottom Line: Juniper Networks WXC Series Application Acceleration Platforms provide the adaptive and dynamic QoS functionality enterprises need, without the complexity typically associated with defining granular bandwidth control.

DEPLOYMENT FLEXIBILITY
WAN optimization and application acceleration platform should conform to the existing network design rather than the vice versa. For network placement, IT must have the choice to deploy WAN optimization equipment either on the network between a LAN switch and WAN router, or attached to a switch and router in a one-armed fashion. The WXC Series platform supports both these modes, with both Inline Mode and Off-Path Mode options.

DEPLOYMENT FLEXIBILITY
The WXC Series platforms include a number of redundancy features unique in the marketplace. The devices support an active fail-to-wire mechanism so that in case of a device failure, all traffic will pass through the box at wire speed untouched.

WXC Series platforms support dual-active redundancy with no need for extra configuration of surrounding network devices.

DEPLOYMENT FLEXIBILITY
Another critical feature to enabling flexible deployment options is supporting both point-topoint and point-to-multipoint configurations. The WXC Series platforms, for example, feature Tunnel Switching, which allows IT to create multiple layers of tunnel aggregation, as is often found in frame relay networks using the hub/regional/spoke topology.

Ease of Use
The WXC Series platforms are easy to use and manage, offering both GUI- and CLI-based views that allow IT to manage the devices individually or as a collection. Automating key functions is another critical element of ease of use, and the pursuit of increased automation makes the WXC Series platforms easy to deploy.

Ease of Use
The most significant achievement in this area is the auto-deployment feature for branch offices. Through a combination of the WXOS software and the WXC Series Central Management System (WXC CMS) software, IT can pre-stage configurations centrally via templates and then have remote WXC Series platforms download them automatically.

Ease of Use
The WXC Series automate several other tasks that are typically cumbersome to perform on WAN optimization and application acceleration devices. This registration information is essential to the synchronized communications amongst the WXC Series platforms.
These communications provide IT with distributed stateful intelligence about the network state and enable devices to act on changes such as link loss or increased congestion on a path.

Ease of Use
After the WXC Series device is powered on, configuration is automatic:
WXC Series issues DHCP request Temporary IP address and domain returned WXC Series performs DNS lookup to locate CMS Image file (if needed) and pre-staged config file downloaded WXC Series connects to registration server and begins operation

Using Multiple WAN Links

Enterprises seek to take advantage of hybrid public/private WAN transports, while maintaining the assurance that key performance criteria will be met. IT needs to apply business policies to each link and monitor their performance. The WXC Series Framework includes a unique feature called Policy-Based Multipath (Multipath) that enables IT to define which applications traverse which link and under what conditions.

Using Multiple WAN Links

The WXC Series software also allows IT to set latency and loss thresholds for each link. IT can use the Multipath function to define, by class of application, how to treat traffic when a performance threshold is exceeded. The Multipath feature demonstrates the integrated nature of the WXC Series Framework. When traffic is diverted from one link to another, QoS policies ensure that applications already flowing over the second link are not negatively impacted.

WAN MONITORING
Monitoring tools (real time) are used to understand WAN traffic characteristics. Packet size distribution Error rates Throughput statistics The software also helps in alarm monitoring.
Notification when a certain parameter crosses its threshold. Eg. If CPU utilization exceeds 50% an alarm is generated.

Bandwidth allocation for applications (http, DNS, DHCP etc.) can be done w.r.t the traffic trends. The software (WXOS series, Juniper) also helps in understanding the QoS parameters applied by the system
Needed for proper policy implementation.

 Traces can be taken with the help of the software which is helpful in troubleshooting.

Export of information in the form of excel graphs and tables.

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Monitoring is necessary for:

Assessing the quality of WAN connection. Upgrading the WAN for optimal performance.

SCALABILITY
Wider the range of sizes, locations, link types and applications in enterprises, higher is the need for WAN optimization.

Parameters:
Scope and breadth of network traffic coverage No. of remote locations, a single hub can handle

Ultimate throughput of any single optimizer

Ability to support a worldwide implementation

Objectives
Performance across all enterprise applications

Improved throughput levels

Monitoring capabilities must also be scalable

WXCs role
Easy scaling supporting compressed output speeds. High tunnel count and enabled tunnel configuration that support large hierarchical networks. Provides automatic tunnel aggregation to support complex topologies.

SECURITY
Internet and private WANs used for business transactions. All transports have to be secured. 2 critical aspects:
Securing the device. Securing the data that traverses the device.

Security within WXC

Using HTTPS and SSH. Monitors security warnings from industry security watchdog groups. Ensures security of data transmissions by Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and triple Digit Encryption Standard (3DES).

No exposed flash memory cards that can be stolen.

Choice to deactivate the front panel configuration.