DIESEL ENGINE

ABDULLAH AÇMAZ
 HISTORY OF DIESEL ENGINE

 This is known as the diesel cycle, after

Rudolf Diesel, who invented it in 1892
and received the patent on February 23,
1893. Diesel intended the engine to use
a variety of fuels including coal dust. He
demonstrated it in the 1900 Exposition
Universelle (World's Fair) using peanut
oil (biodiesel). It was later refined and
perfected by Charles F. Kettering
 HOW DIESEL ENGINES WORK

It is a compression ignition engine, in which

the fuel is ignited by being suddenly exposed
to the high temperature and pressure of a
compressed gas containing oxygen (usually
atmospheric air), rather than a separate source
of ignition energy (such as a spark plug), as is
the case in the gasoline engine.
 TYPES OF DIESEL ENGINES

 There are two classes of diesel engines:

two-stroke and four-stroke. Most diesels
generally use the four-stroke cycle, with
some larger diesels operating on the two-
stroke cycle.
 The inline-6 is the most prolific in
medium- to heavy-duty engines, though
the V8 and straight-4 are also common.
Four-stroke cycle
Two-stroke cycle

Intake and compression

 Fuel injection in diesel
engines

 Mechanical and electronic injection

 Indirect injection
 Direct injection
 Distributor pump direct injection
 Common rail direct injection
 Unit direct injection
 Fuel injection in diesel
engines
 Injecting fuel directly into the cylinders of
an internal combustion engine, instead of
by way of a carburettor. It is the standard
method used in diesel engines, and is now
becoming standard for petrol engines. In
the diesel engine, oil is injected into the hot
compressed air at the top of the second
piston stroke and explodes to drive the
piston down on its power stroke. In the
petrol engine, fuel is injected into the
cylinder at the start of the first induction
stroke of the four-stroke
ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE
OF DIESEL ENGINE
 DISADVANTAGES:
 Pressure 2 times higher so this needs strong design
 Noisy works since greater ıncreament of pressure
 Work of compression is higher and results shaking
working and needs higher starter power
 In cold weather and high alttitude late working
 Diesel injections much expensive than carburettor
 Needs higher air fuel ratio and requirement more air
wrt power output and fuel consuming
 ADVANTAGES:
 Change of fuel quality there ıs no big problems
which working safety and reliability.even small
water droplets ın the fuel,occurs no problem
 Diesel,keresone not include lead,cleaning
materials which is toxic materials
 Lower fire dangerous since low exhaust
temperature and high sparkling point
 Highest efficieny in the heat machines ın
addition highest efficiency means least carbon
dioxide.
 Fuel and fluid
characteristics

 diesel fuel derived from crude oil is most

common
 Good-quality diesel fuel can be
synthesised from vegetable oil and alcohol
.
 Biodiesel is growing in popularity since it
can frequently be used in unmodified
engines, though production remains
limited.
 PROPERTIES OF PETRODIESEL

 oil, or oil with higher viscosity

 higher flash point
 high octane rating
 BIODIESEL
 Biodiesel
 Biodiesel can be obtained from vegetable oil (vegidiesel /
vegifuel), or animal fats (bio-lipids, using transesterification
). Biodiesel is a non-fossil fuel alternative to petrodiesel. It
can also be mixed with petrodiesel in any amount in modern
engines, though when first using it , the solvent properties
of the fuel tend to disolve accumulated deposits and can
clog fuel filters. Biodiesel has a lower gel point than
petrodiesel, but is comparable to diesel #2.
 This can be overcome by using a Chemically, most biodiesel
consists of alkyl (usually methyl) esters instead of the
alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons of petroleum derived
diesel. However, biodiesel has combustion properties very
similar to petrodiesel, including combustion energy and
cetane ratings. Paraffin biodiesel also exists. Due to the
purity of the source, it has a higher quality than
Production Steps of
Biodiesel
 THE MOST POWERFUL
DIESEL ENGINE IN THE
WORLD
  Some facts on the 14 cylinder
version:Total engine weight:2300
tons  (The crankshaft alone weighs
300 tons.) Length:89 feet Height:44
feet Maximum power:108,920 hp at
102 rpm  Maximum
torque:5,608,312 lb/ft at 102rpm