Circuits with Resistor Combinations (2.6, 8.

7)
Dr. Holbert February 8, 2006

ECE201 Lect-7

Solving Circuits with Series and Parallel Combinations

The combination of series and parallel impedances can be used to find voltages and currents in circuits. This process can often yield the fastest solutions to networks. This process may not apply to complicated networks.
ECE201 Lect-7 2

Series and Parallel Impedances

Impedances are combined to create a simple circuit (usually one source and one impedance), from which a voltage or current can be found Once the voltage or current is found, KCL and KVL are used to work back through the network to find voltages and currents.
ECE201 Lect-7 3

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ 10V + V1 2kW

1kW
+ V2

1kW
+ 2kW V3 1kW

Find V1, V2, and V3

ECE201 Lect-7

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ 10V + V1 2kW

1kW
+ V2

1kW
+ 2kW V3 1kW

Find an equivalent resistance for the network with V1 across it, then find V1 using a voltage divider.
ECE201 Lect-7 5

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ 10V + V1 1kW

1kW V1 10V 5V 1kW 1kW

ECE201 Lect-7 6

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ + 5V

1kW
+ V2 2kW

1kW
+ 2kW V3 1kW

10V

Find an equivalent resistance for the network with V2 across it, then find V2.
ECE201 Lect-7 7

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ + 5V

1kW
+ V2 2kW 1kW

10V

1kW V2 5V 2.5V 1kW 1kW

ECE201 Lect-7 8

Example: Resistor Ladder

1kW
+ + 5V

1kW
+ 2.5V 2kW

1kW
+ 2kW V3 1kW

10V

1kW V3 2.5V 1.25V 1kW 1kW

ECE201 Lect-7 9

Example: Notch Filter

100W
10V 0 + 0.1W 70.4mH +

100mF

1kW

Vout

Find Vout Use w = 1500

ECE201 Lect-7 10

Example: Notch Filter

100W 10V 0 0.1W j106W +

j6.67W

1kW

Vout

Find the equivalent impedance of the resistor, inductor, and capacitor.

ECE201 Lect-7 11

Example: Notch Filter

100W 10V 0 7.12W 89.99 +

1kW

Vout

Combine top resistor and impedance.

ECE201 Lect-7 12

Example: Notch Filter

100.3W 4.07
+ 10V 0 + 1kW Vout

Vout

1kW0 10V0 100.3W 4.07 1kW0 9.09V 0.37

ECE201 Lect-7 13

Example #2: Notch Filter

100W
10V 0 + 0.1W 70.4mH +

100mF

1kW

Vout

Find Vout Use w = 377

ECE201 Lect-7 14

Example: Notch Filter

Vout= 1.23V 0.17

ECE201 Lect-7

15

Frequency Response
Magnitude of Vout
10 8 6 4 2 0 250 300 350 400 450 500

Frequency (rad/sec)

ECE201 Lect-7

16

Using MATLAB to Solve Circuits

MATLAB can perform computations with complex numbers. You can use it as a calculator to compute phasors and impedances for AC steady-state analysis. You can also use it to automate computations of frequency responses.
ECE201 Lect-7 17

Using MATLAB
Entering a complex number: >> 1+2j ans = 1.0000 + 2.0000i Multiplying complex numbers: >> (1+2j)*(3+4j) ans = -5.0000 +10.0000i
ECE201 Lect-7 18

Example: Notch Filter

100W
10V 0 + 0.1W 70.4mH +

100mF

1kW

Vout

Find Vout Use w = 1500

ECE201 Lect-7 19

Compute Impedances
>> omega = 377 omega = 377 >> xl = j*omega*70.4e-3 xl = 0 +26.5408i >> xc = 1/(j*omega*100e-6) xc = 0 -26.5252i
ECE201 Lect-7 20

Equivalent Capacitor/Inductor Impedance

>> zeq = (0.1+xl)*xc /(0.1+xl+xc) zeq = 6.8687e+03 - 1.0981e+03i

ECE201 Lect-7

21

Voltage Divider
>> vin = 10 vin = 10 >> vout = vin*1e3 /(100+zeq+1e3) vout = 1.2315 + 0.1697i
ECE201 Lect-7 22

Magnitude and Angle

>> abs(vout) ans = 1.2432 >> angle(vout) ans = 0.1369 >> angle(vout)*180/pi ans = 7.8461
ECE201 Lect-7 23

Class Examples
Learning Extension E2.14 Learning Extension E2.15
Learning Extension E8.12

ECE201 Lect-7

24