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Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets. It is sometimes referred to as the world or the Blue Planet.
Distance from Sun: 150 million kilometers (93.2 million miles) Orbital period: 365.256 days Rotational period: 23.9345 hours Tilt of axis: 23.45 degrees Diameter: 12,756 kilometers (7,973 miles)
Earth Facts
Mean density: 5.515 g/cc Mean surface temperature: 15C Atmospheric pressure: 1.013 bars Atmosphere composition: 77% N, 21% O and 2% other. Crustal rocks: Mid-ocean ridge basalt, andesites, granites, sandstones, shales, limestones, metamorphic.
Formation
The earliest material found in the Solar System is dated to4.56720.0006 therefore, it is inferred that the Earth must have been formed by accretion around this time. By 4.540.04, the primordial Earth had formed.
The formation and evolution of the Solar System bodies occurred in tandem with the Sun. In theory a solar nebula partitions a volume out of a molecular cloud by gravitational collapse, which begins to spin and flatten into a circumstellar disk, and then the planets grow out of that in tandem with the star.
A nebula contains gas, ice grains and dust (including primordial nuclides). In nebular theory planetesimals commence forming as particulate accrues by cohesive clumping and then by gravity. The assembly of the primordial Earth proceeded for 10 20 myr. The Moon formed shortly thereafter, about4.53 bya.
We breathe:
80 60 40 20 0 per cen nitrogen oxygen trace
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 1% argon, neon, carbon dioxide, neon, & krypton
Earth Structure
The Earth is made up of 3 main layers:
Core Mantle Crust
Crust Mantle
The interior of the Earth is divided into layers based on chemical and physical properties. The Earth has an outer silica-rich, solid crust, a highly viscous mantle, and a core comprising a liquid outer core that is much less viscous than the mantle, and a solid inner core.
- The mantle is approximately 2,900 km thick and comprises 70% of Earth's volume. (the core makes up about 30% of Earth's volume, with the outer crust.
- The outer most layer is the crust - this is the most familiar to us as it is where we live.
The Crust
This is where we live!
The Earths crust is made of:
Continental Crust - thick (10-70km) - buoyant (less dense than oceanic crust) - mostly old
Oceanic Crust - thin (~7 km) - dense (sinks under continental crust) - young
Sun
Earth
moon
moon moon
Earth
new moon
moon
It takes the moon 28 days to orbit the Earth. For 27 days out of this cycle, the Sun cannot shine on the
full moon
whole of the surface, facing the Earth. The light from the Sun can only shine on the whole surface for one night in each cycle: a full moon. On one night, no light from the Sun can reach the moon at all: a new moon.
As the Earth orbits around the Sun, it also spins on its own axis; which is tipped, like a globes.
At any time, half of the Earth faces the sun and therefore receives light.
This part is in day.
The other half faces away from the Sun, and so receives very little light.
As the Earth orbits the Sun, when its axis tips towards the Sun, the weather gets warmer. When it tips away, the weather gets colder, causing the Earths seasons.
spring here
winter here
summer here
autumn here winter here
spring here
The Earth rotates on its axis at c 900 miles an hour! As it rotates, the Earth is also orbiting the Sun at a speed of c 67,500 miles an hour!
But, dont worry! Thanks to the Earths gravity and atmosphere, we wont fall off.
Gravity
Gravity is what holds you down on Earth and not just let you float in the air. Gravity depends on the atmosphere.
Earths Past
Earth was full of dinosaurs and trees.
Earths Future
Earth, in time, will be horrible because trash will be all over the place. There might be hover crafts.