IEEE 802.15.

4 and Zigbee Overview

Topics
802.15.4 ZigBee Competing Technologies Products Some Motorola Projects

Slide 2

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 Applications Space

Home Networking Automotive Networks Industrial Networks Interactive Toys Remote Metering

Slide 3

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY Overview

Packet Structure PHY Packet Fields
Preamble (32 bits) synchronization Start of Packet Delimiter (8 bits) PHY Header (8 bits) PSDU length PSDU (0 to 1016 bits) Data field

Preamble

Start of Packet Delimiter

PHY Header

PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU)

6 Octets

0-127 Octets

Slide 4

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

802.15.4 Architecture
Applications

ZigBee Channel acquisition Contention mgt NIC address Error Correction

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC

IEEE 802.15.4 868/915 MHz PHY

IEEE 802.15.4 2400 MHz PHY

Slide 5

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Design Drivers

Extremely low cost

Ease of implementation Reliable data transfer Short range operation Very low power consumption

Simple but flexible protocol

Slide 6 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Typical Network Topologies

Slide 7

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Device Classes

Full function device (FFD) Any topology Network coordinator capable Talks to any other device Reduced function device (RFD) Limited to star topology Cannot become a network coordinator Talks only to a network coordinator Very simple implementation
Slide 8 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Star Topology

PAN Coordinator

Master/slave
Full function device Communications flow

Reduced function device

Slide 9 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Peer-Peer Topology

Point to point
Full function device

Cluster tree
Communications flow

Slide 10

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Combined Topology

Clustered stars - for example, cluster nodes exist between rooms of a hotel and each room has a star network for control.

Full function device Reduced function device

Slide 11 Joe Dvorak, Motorola

Communications flow

9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

General Frame Structure
Payload

MAC Layer

MAC Header (MHR)

MAC Service Data Unit (MSDU)

MAC Footer (MFR)

PHY Layer

Synch. Header (SHR)

PHY Header (PHR)

MAC Protocol Data Unit (MPDU) PHY Service Data Unit (PSDU)

4 Types of MAC Frames: Data Frame Beacon Frame Acknowledgment Frame MAC Command Frame
Slide 12 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Overview

Traffic Types

Periodic data Application defined rate (e.g. sensors)

Intermittent data Application/external stimulus defined rate (e.g. light switch)

Repetitive low latency data Allocation of time slots (e.g. mouse)

Slide 13

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

802.15.4 Architecture
Applications Network Routing Address translation Packet Segmentation Profiles

ZigBee

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC

IEEE 802.15.4 868/915 MHz PHY

IEEE 802.15.4 2400 MHz PHY

Slide 14

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

ZigBee Stack Architecture

Slide 15

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

Typical ZigBee-Enabled Device Design

Typical design consist of RF IC and 8-bit microprocessor with peripherals connected to an application sensor or actuators
Slide 16 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

Wireless Technology Comparison Chart

34KB /14KB

356 mA

Slide 17

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

Competing/Similar Technologies
Bluetooth
http://www.bluetooth.org http://www.bluetooth.com

X10
Powerline protocol first introduced in the 1970's. http://www.x10.com/technology1.htm

Z-wave
Proprietary protocol for wireless home control networking. http://www.z-wavealliance.com/

INSTEON
Peer-to-peer mesh networking product that features a hybrid radio/powerline transmission http://www.insteon.net

nanoNET
Proprietary set of wireless sensor protocols, designed to compete with ZigBee. http://www.nanotron.com/
Slide 18 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

802.15.4/ZigBee Products

Control4 Home Automation System http://www.control4.com/products/ components/complete.htm

Eaton Home HeartBeat monitoring system www.homeheartbeat.com

Chip Sets Ember, http://www.ember.com/index.html ChipCon, http://www.chipcon.com Freescale, http://www.freescale.com

Software, Development Kits AirBee, http://www.airbeewireless.com/pr oducts.php Software Technologies Group, http://www.stg.com/wireless/ Slide 19

Joe Dvorak, Motorola

9/27/05

Motorola Activity
NeuRFonTM
Implementation of 802.15.4 & ZigBee Aimed at enterprises Asset Tracking Security Public Safety Range: 10m Transmission interval: ~ 4 minutes Nodes move, Controller does not Battery life: 1 week to several years (nodes with 2 AA batteries) Interfaces: machine-only
Slide 20 Joe Dvorak, Motorola 9/27/05

Motorola Activity
ConformablesTM
Implementation of 802.15.4 only Aimed at consumers Home device control Location awareness Personal reminders Range: 1 - 5m Phone is controller Both nodes and can controller move Battery life: ~1 week years (nodes with ~320 mAhr rechargeable battery) Transmission interval: 1 second Interfaces: machine and human
Slide 21 Joe Dvorak, Motorola

SmartButton

LoBe

Janus

Digital Paperclip
9/27/05

More Information

IEEE 2003 version of 802.15.4 MAC & Phy standard

http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4-2003.pdf

ZigBee Specification
http://www.zigbee.org/en/spec_download/download_request.asp

802.15.4 Tutorial
http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Jan03/03036r0P80215_WG-802-15-4-TG4-Tutorial.ppt Slides 3 17 were adapted from this tutorial

ZigBee Technology: Wireless Control that Simply Works

http://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htm

ZigBee Technology: Wireless Control that Simply Works

http://www.hometoys.com/htinews/oct03/articles/kinney/zigbee.htm

Home networking with Zigbee

http://www.embedded.com//showArticle.jhtml?articleID=18902431 Slides 19 21 were adapted from this article

Can the competition lock ZigBee out of the home?

http://www.techworld.com/mobility/features/index.cfm?FeatureID=1809