ENGLISH LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY ( WAJ3102)

BY : NUR ANIS BINTI ZAKARIA SITI KHADIJAH BINTI ALIAS CLASS : PISMP / BM

LECTURERS NAME : MISS HJH YONG ROFIDAH BINTI SALLEH

THE IMPORTANCE OF WATER

Water is one of the most essential elements to good health. Health officials emphasize the importance of drinking at least eight glasses of clean water every day to maintain good health. Each cell in the body depends upon water in order to function. Numerous disorders are caused by insufficient and unhealthy water. Water is important to human life and to the operation of the human body. When the human body does not get enough water, a decrease of as little as 2% in our body's water supply can have harmful effects and cause symptoms of dehydration such as daytime fatigue, excess thirst, fuzzy memory, difficulty focusing on tasks and simple math, lightheadedness, and nausea.

CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION

While many of the chemicals and substances that are regulated may be naturally occurring. The concentration is often the key in determining what is a natural component of water, and what is a contaminant. High concentrations of naturally occurring substances can have negative impacts on aquatic flora and fauna. Many of the chemical substances are toxic. Pathogens can produce waterborne diseases in either human or animal hosts. Alteration of water's physical chemistry includes acidity, electrical conductivity, temperature, and eutrophication. Eutrophication is an increase in the concentration of chemical nutrients in an ecosystem to an extent that increases in the primary productivity of the ecosystem. Depending on the degree of eutrophication, subsequent negative environmental effects such as anoxia and severe reductions in water quality may occur, affecting fish and other animal populations.

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

The main problem caused by water pollution is that it kills life that inhabits water-based ecosystems. Dead fish, birds, dolphins, and many other animals often wind up on beaches, killed by pollutants in their habitat. Pollution disrupts the natural food chain as well. Pollutants such as lead and cadmium are eaten by tiny animals. Later, these animals are consumed by fish and shellfish, and the food chain continues to be disrupted at all higher levels. Eventually, humans are affected by this process as well. People can get diseases such as hepatitis by eating seafood that has been poisoned. Ecosystems can be severely changed or destroyed by water pollution.

Efforts that are taken to control water pollution.

SOLUTIONS TO WATER POLLUTION

 The most important body to handle this pollution is the government where they should enforce existing laws which related to the water environment. By strictly enforce the existing law, such as Clean Water Act would give awareness to citizen how important the water. Penalty or fine will be charge on any individual or organization that involve in this unethical behavior would help in reducing the level of the pollution. Government should organize social campaigns and activities which related to against the water pollution. This way could help to aware people of their irresponsible attitude and reduce the littering. Second solution is by doing the water treatment. There are two main reasons for water treatment which are to protect the public health and preserve the water quality. As a general, most of the waste water comes from industries, homes, businesses, storm runoff, ground water, and schools. Also sludge is being treated to remove some of its water. Then it is further processed by stabilizing, dewatering and disposal which is can control water pollution.

 The third solution to water pollution is by minimizing the usage of plastic. As we know the growing impact of plastic pollution on our oceans will be one of big cause to this issue. We need to figure out ways that can use less plastic, especially plastic storage bags. This type of plastic is easy for wildlife to swallow and eventually causes death. Apart of that, we should simply say no to bottle. Even it is convenient to drink bottled water but the environment impact of bottled water plastic is huge. A much healthier and less expensive solution to bottled water is to invest in refillable glass water bottles or stainless steel water bottles and fill them with filtered drinking water.

As a conclusion, it is essential that all individuals, community and organizations to involve and work together with the government in order to prevent this disaster to going to critical level.

Brown pipe water

The soil erosion has made the water to become polluted. The polluted water may contain harmful substances such as Bromine, Ammonia and Sulphur.

Polluted river
River, which is the most important water source, has been polluted by toxic pollutants. The picture has shown a river in India. Based on researches that had done, rivers in India are the most polluted in the world due to the high population in the country.

Unhealthy water
If we keep polluting the water without taking actions or thinking about the effect of water pollution, one day we will drink a glass of water that contains sands and stones as what shown in the picture.