WELDABILITY OF TITAINIUM ALLOYS

BY 12021D0415

 WELDABILITY :
WELDABILITY is the capacity of a metal or combination of metals to be welded into a suitably designed structure and for the resulting weld joints to possess the required metallurgical properties to perform satisfactorily in the intended service. A material's weldability is used to determine the welding process and to compare the final weld quality to other materials

FACTORS EFFECTING WELDABILITY

1. 2. 3. 4. Welding process Base metal properties Filler metal Surface conditions

Good weldability is characterised by ease with which the welding process is accomplished by Absence of weld defects Acceptable strength Ductility Toughness

WELDABILITY OF TITAINIUM ALLOYS

Commercially pure titanium and most of titanium alloys can be welded by procedures and equipment used in welding austenitic stainless steel and aluminum. Because of the high reactivity of titanium and titanium alloys at temperatures above 550C, additional precautions must be applied. Also, titanium base metal and filler metal must be clean to avoid contamination during weld.

Characteristics of Titanium
phase: Titanium is a closely packed hexagonal structure known as phase up to 885c. phase: The temperature above 885c the structure is body centred cubic this is known as a phase.

CLASSIFICATION OF TITANIUM ALLOYS

1.Commercially pure titanium 2.Alpha and near alpha alloys 3.Alpha-beta alloys 4. Beta alloys

Commercially pure titanium: This is classified on basis of mechanical properties and maximum interstatical impurities. The interstatical elements like o2,N2,c and fe increases ,strength also increases.

 Alpha and near alpha alloys: This always contain high percentage of alpha phase in their microstructure. Alpha-beta alloys: It contains mixture of and phases in their microstructure.

 Beta alloys: It contains high percentage of phase stabilising elements. Agening at low temperature increases it strength . Most of the alloys are weldable in either annealed or heat treated condition.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF TIATANIUM

Density =4.43 g/cm2

Melting point=1668 c
Coeffecient of thermal expansion at 20c= 8.4m 11 Specific heat at 20c=552j/kg k Modulus of elasticity=117 gpa

WELDING PROCESSES
Joint design Pre cleaning Preheating Protection during Joining

WELDING PROCESS
The following fusion-welding processes are used for joining titanium and titanium alloys: Gas-tungsten arc welding (GTAW) Gas-metal arc welding (GMAW) Plasma arc welding (PAW) Electron-beam welding (EBW) Laser-beam welding (LBW) Friction welding (FRW) Resistance welding (RW)

Advantages
High corrosion resistance Good ductility Less weight High strength

APPLICATIONS
Aircrafts Missiles Nuclear Industries

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