11

Mission-Specific Competencies: Product Control

11 Objectives (1 of 4)
Describe and identify the control options available to operations level responders Describe and identify the control options available for flammable liquid and flammable gas incidents

11 Objectives (2 of 4)
Describe purpose, equipment, precautions associated with control options Describe the applicability and characteristics of aqueous film-forming foam, alcohol-resistant concentrates, fluoroprotein foams, protein foams, and high-expansion foams

11 Objectives (3 of 4)
Identify the location and describe the use of emergency remote shut-off devices on MC/DOT-306/406, MC/DOT-307/407, and MC-331 cargo tanks containing flammable liquids or gases

11 Objectives (4 of 4)
Describe the recovery phase, and the transition from emergency to clean-up

11 Confinement
Keeps hazardous material within area of release Done by
Damming Diking Confining vapors

11 Containment
Stops material from leaking from container Examples
Patching container Righting overturned container

11 Control Options
Solution must be quick and safe Should minimize negative effects on
People Property Environment

Use risk-based thought process

11 Sometimes No Action Is Safest Course (1 of 2)

Create safe perimeter
Be aware of natural control points

Let problem stabilize on its own Protect exposures

11 Sometimes No Action Is Safest Course (2 of 2)

Sometimes it is necessary to let the problem stabilize on its own.

11 Absorption (1 of 5)
Absorbent material soaks up liquid release
Vermiculite Clay Peat moss Spill pads

11 Absorption (2 of 5)

Spill pads are often used to soak up a liquid hazardous material.

11 Absorption (3 of 5)
Effective only on flat surfaces Disposal of used material is necessary Requires close proximity to spill Adds volume to spill

11 Absorption (4 of 5)
Some materials repel water while absorbing spilled liquid Useful to contain oil spill on body of water Spill booms used on water or land

11 Absorption (5 of 5)

A spill boom can be used to confine a liquid.

11 Adsorption
Contaminant adheres to surface of material
Silica Activated carbon

Can generate heat Functions like Velcrosticks to product

11 Damming
Used when liquid flows in channel Progress is stopped by blocking channel Three kinds of dam
Complete dam Overflow dam Underflow dam

11 Complete Dam
Placed across small stream or ditch Completely stops flow of material Used for
Basically dry stream or ditch Small amount of hazardous material

11 Overflow Dam (1 of 2)
Contains materials heavier than water Pipe through dam allows water flow

11 Overflow Dam (2 of 2)

An overflow dam is used to contain materials that are heavier than water.

11 Underflow Dam (1 of 2)
Contains materials lighter than water Pipe through dam allows water flow

11 Underflow Dam (2 of 2)

An underflow dam is used to contain materials that are lighter than water.

11 Diking
Barrier, keeps hazardous material in place Materials used
Sand Dirt Loose absorbent Concrete

11 Dilution
Addition of water or another substance Weakens strength of hazardous material Typically used for corrosives Increases volume
May overwhelm containment measures

11 Diversion (1 of 2)
Redirects flow from endangered area
Existing curbs Curvature of roadway Dirt berms Spill booms Plastic tarps filled with sand, dirt, or clay

11 Diversion (2 of 2)

Diversion methods are not as permanent as a dike, and they can be constructed fairly quickly.

11 Retention
Creates defined area to hold material Example: Digging a hole
Allows material to collect or pool

11 Remote Valve Shut-off

Pre-existing shutdown device in system Found in
Chemical processes Piped systems that carry chemicals Cargo tanks

11 MC-306/DOT-406 Cargo Tank (1 of 2)

Carries flammable liquids, explosives, poisons Has various safety features Has remote shut-off valve

11 MC-306/DOT-406 Cargo Tank (2 of 2)

The remote shut-off valve is typically found near the front of the cab, adjacent to the drivers door, or at the rear of an MC306/DOT-406 cargo tank.

11 MC-307/DOT-407 Cargo Tank (1 of 2)

Carries low-pressure chemicals
Flammables Combustible liquids Mild corrosives Poisons

Has remote shut-off valve

11 MC-307/DOT-407 Cargo Tank (2 of 2)

The remote shut-off valve is typically found near the front of the cab, adjacent to the drivers door, or at the rear of an MC307/DOT-407 cargo tank.

11 MC-331 Cargo Tank (1 of 2)

Carries compressed liquefied gases
Anhydrous ammonia Propane Butane Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

Has remote shut-off valves

11 MC-331 Cargo Tank (2 of 2)

The MC-331 cargo tank has remote shut-off valves at both ends of the tank, internal shut-off valves, a rotary gauge depicting product pressure, and two top-mounted vents.

11 Vapor Dispersion
Spreads vapors out Thereby lowers their concentration Hose streams Fans Other ventilation systems Consequences should be considered

11 Vapor Suppression
Controls fumes given off by materials Particularly for flammable liquids Example: Gasoline Uses blanket of foam Reducing temperature may also suppress vapor

11 Foams Used in Vapor Suppression

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) Alcohol-resistant concentrates Fluoroprotein foam Protein foam High-expansion foam

11 Applying Foam (1 of 4)
Several ways to apply foam
Bounce-off method Rain-down method Roll-in method

11 Applying Foam (2 of 4)

The bounce-off method.

11 Applying Foam (3 of 4)

The rain-down method.

11 Applying Foam (4 of 4)

The roll-in method.

11 Recovery Phase (1 of 3)
Danger has passed or is controlled
Danger to people Danger to property Danger to the environment

Clean-up begins Can be lengthy in large-scale incidents

11 Recovery Phase (2 of 3)

The recovery phase involves clean-up, determination of the responsible party, and implementation of cost recovery.

11 Recovery Phase (3 of 3)
Initial responders may also perform cleanup Commercial companies may perform clean-up Returns exposure area to original condition

11 Summary (1 of 2)
Various factors must be evaluated to choose a control option Sometimes safe perimeter can be created and the problem left to stabilize on its own Control techniques contain, redirect, or lower concentration of hazardous material

11 Summary (2 of 2)
Options include absorption, diversion, damming, diking, shut-off valves, special foams Recovery phase returns exposure area to original condition