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الرحمن الرحيم
Dr. Mohamed Elkhawanky
melkhawanky@yahoo.com
Diabetes = frequent
urination
Mellitus = honey
History of
Diabetes
In the 2nd century Celsus immersed in his
encyclopedia a strange disease which
confused scientists every where.
DM is caused by:
Genetic
Environmental
Life-style interactions
Etiologic classification of
DM
1. Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
2. Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
3. Gestational diabetes mellitus
(GDM).
4. Other specific types of diabetes.
:Type 1 diabetes mellitus
In type 1 diabetes B-cell destruction
occurs and usually leading to
absolute insulin deficiency.
Type 1 A: Immune-mediated
Type 1 B: Idiopathic
:Type 2 diabetes mellitus
It is characterized by
impaired insulin
IA-2/ICA-512
Islet ganglioside
5 – 10 % of type -2 DM &
<5% with GDM
Structure of a gene
Prevention of type -1
DM
Trials of prevention have
targeted the immune system
through:
Immunosuppressant
Selective T-cell subset deletion
It is characterized by:
Peripheral insulin resistance