Objective of Scientific management

Setting up a sound system of wage payment so as to attain maximum efficiency. Ensuring a regular supply of goods to consumers at reasonable prices.

Components of scientific management

Separation of planning from doing. Functional foremanship:In this system eight persons -1) route clerk, 2) instruction card clerk 3) time and cost clerk 4) disciplinarian are related with planning function. Four other 1) speed boss 2)inspector 3)maintenance foreman 4)gang boss are concerned with operating function.

 Determining fair days work and one best way of doing it. Differential piece work system of wage payment Bilateral mental revolution.

Principles of scientific management

Work study Standardisation of tools and equipment. Scientific selection, placement and training. Development of functional foremanship. Introducing costing system :To calculate cost per unit and total cost of production.

 To present costs for cost reduction and cost control. To enable estimation of cost and preparation of budgets. To increase efficiency and reduce wastages. To help channelise production on right lines. Mental Revolution.

Behavioural approach
Behavioural science is an interdisplinery approach and integrates the knowledge drawn from different disciplines ( sociology, psychology, anthropology, political science, economic and history) for the study of human behaviour. It is an applied science with an objective to apply various researches to solve the organisational problems. It is a normative approach which not only suggest cause and effect relationship but also

Prescribes ways and means to solve organisational problems and effect results. It focus is attention on people from humanistic point of view. It is goal oriented. It adopts system approach which takes into account all the factors effecting organisational behaviour. Keith Davis & Rensis Likert,Maslow,Herzberg

Human Relation Approach

The work Environment

The leader

The individual

The work group

Features of human relation approach

Social system Social Environment Informal organisation Group Dynamics Leadership Communication Role of money conflict

Theory criticized on following points

Unscientific Anti individualistic Short sighted Over concern with happiness Negative view of conflict