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D 6751-02
Property Limits Units
Fatty Acid
FA Alcohol
Glycerin
FA FA
FA Biodiesel
Vegetable Oil
Biodiesel can be used in existing Diesel Engines
30% Increase
Relative emissions: Diesel and Biodiesel
B100 **
B20
Diesel CO2
Mutagenicity
n-PAHs
PAHs
Sulfates
**NOx
Particulate Matter
CO
Total Unburned HCs
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Percent
Manufacturing of Bio Diesel….
1. Collection of J. seeds.
2. Crushing & grinding of seeds.
3. Tranesterification of oil.
4. Purification.
Manufacturing flow chart….
Methanol
Raw material (seed) Catalyst
By product meal
Esters layer
Wash and
separate Phase separator
(Glycerin layer )
By product
( biodiesel)
Explorer or oil press.
Transesterification of oil…..
• Transesterification is the general term
used to describethe important class of
organic reactions where an ester is
transformed into another through
interchange of the alkoxy moiety.
Simple transesterification reaction
O
O
C
CH3 + ROH C CH3 + CH3CH2OH
CH3 CH2O RO
Ester + alcohol
Different Ester + Different alcohol
Needs of transesterification
Jatrpha curcas oil has:
• High viscosity .
• Poor volatility .
• Polymerization in combustion chamber
leading to deposit.
• Fuel line and filter clogging .
R1, R2, and R3 are fatty acid alkyl groups (could be different, or the same),
and depend on the type of oil. The fatty acids involved determine the final
properties of the biodiesel (cetane number, cold flow properties, etc.)
Transesterificatio
n
Reactor
Settling Tank
Production method…..
1. First dissolve the Catalyst(KOH) into the methanol.
Shake or swirl until all has dissolved.
J. seeds
Uses of Jatropha curcas
• Jatropha oil as an alternative to diesel
• Jatropha: As a fence
• Jatropha oil: As raw material for
industrial use.
• Jatropha: Potential as medicinal plant .
• Jatropha- For enrichment of soil .