Comp4 Unit9a Lecture Slides

Introduction to Information and
Computer Science
Information Systems
Lecture a
This material (Comp4_Unit9a) was developed by OHSU, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of
the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU24OC000015.
Information Systems
Learning Objectives
Define an information system, how one is used and list examples.
(Lecture a)
Describe the components of an information system. (Lecture a)
Describe the process developing an information system. (Lecture b)
Describe the different types of testing and when testing should
occur. (Lecture c)
Describe how information systems are supported and maintained
over time. (Lecture c)
Describe specialized information systems. (Lecture d)
Explain how information systems are used in healthcare. (Lecture d)
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Health IT Workforce Curriculum
Version 3.0/Spring 2012
Introduction to Information and Computer Science
Information Systems
Lecture a
Systems
A set of interacting and interdependent
entities forming an integrated whole
Examples:
Biological systems
Sociocultural systems
Computer systems
Business systems
Respiratory System
(clker.com, 2007, PD-US)
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems
Set of
People
Processes
Procedures
Hardware
Software
Data

Work together for
Decision making
Management
Operational
activities

4
Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems Tasks
Input
Data Entry
Processing
Data Manipulation
Output
Reports
Feedback
5
Information Systems
Lecture a
Data
Data are raw values
Number of hours worked
Weight
Medical record number
Multiple representations
Alpha-numeric
Images
Video
Audio

6
Information Systems
Lecture a
Information and Knowledge
Information is data that is organized
Relationships
Rules
Knowledge is the understanding of relationships
of information

7
Information Systems
Lecture a
Useful Information Characteristics
Accessible
Accurate
Complete
Relevant
Reliable
Secure
Timely
Verifiable

8
Information Systems
Lecture a
Goals of the Information System
Improve access to information and knowledge
Improve processes and services
Improve communications and collaboration both
inside and outside the institution
9
Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems Implementation
Manual
Paper, file based systems
Users record data
Experts provide analysis

Computer based
Hardware, software, networks
Users record data
Computer and experts analyze data
10
Information Systems
Lecture a
Business Information Systems
Transaction processing system
Management information systems (MIS)
Decision support systems
Enterprise resource planning

11
Information Systems
Lecture a
Enterprise Resource Planning
(Nikos, 2011 CC BY-SA 3.0)
12
Information Systems
Lecture a
Healthcare Information Systems
Hospital/Clinic Business Information Systems
Laboratory Information Systems
Imaging Information Systems
Scheduling Systems
Clinical Decision Support Systems
Electronic Health Records
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Components of Information Systems
Hardware
Software
Databases
Networks
Processes
People
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Processes
Procedures for tasks
Related to workflows
Can be modeled
Use case diagrams
Activity diagrams
(Dekker, 2009, CC BY-SA 3.0)
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Information Systems
Lecture a
People: Stakeholders
System owners
Interested in information adding new business
knowledge
System users
Capture, store, process, edit and use data everyday
System designers
Create detailed designs
System builders
Create system
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Information Systems
Lecture a
System Owners
Usually from management
Interested in the bottom line
System cost
Value or benefits returned to the business
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Information Systems
Lecture a
System Users
Majority of information workers
Not concerned with costs/benefits
Concerned with system functionality related to
their jobs:
Ease of learning
Ease of use
Get the job done
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Information Systems
Lecture a
System Designers
Software designers/developers
Database administrators
Network architects
Web architects
Graphic artists
Security experts
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Information Systems
Lecture a
System Builders
Applications programmers
Systems programmers
Database programmers
System/Network administrators
Security administrators
Webmasters
Systems integrators
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Systems Analysts
Specialists who study the problems and needs
of an organization to determine how people,
data, processes and information technology can
best accomplish improvements for the business
Bridge the gap between the perspectives of
different stakeholders
Overlap the roles of other stakeholders
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Project Manager
Project teams require management
One or more stakeholder takes on the role of
Project Manager (PM)
Ensures on-time development
Keeps project within budget
Maintains acceptable quality
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems
Summary - Lecture a
Information systems combine technology, people
and processes to produce and use information
There are many different information systems
used in businesses and institutions
Hardware, software, databases, networks and
people are components of information systems
People are stakeholders of information systems
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Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems
References Lecture a
References
Activity Diagrams. (2011, Nov 17). Retrieved Nov 26, 2011, from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Activity_diagram
Evans, A., Martin, K., & Poatsey, M. (2010). Technology in Action: Complete (7th ed.). New York: Prentice Hall.
OpenERP. (2011, Nov 25). Retrieved Nov 26, 2011, from OpenERP: http://www.openerp.com
Shelley, G., & Rosenblatt, H. (2010). Systems Analysis and Design (8th ed.). Boston: Course Technology.
Shelley, G., & Vermaat, M. (2010). Discovering Computers 2011: Introductory. (1st ed.). Boston: Course
Technology.
Stair, R., & Reynolds, G. (2010). Fundamentals of Information Systems (5th ed.). Boston: Course Technology.
UML Activity Diagrams. (2011, Sep 5). Retrieved Nov 26, 2011, from UML Diagrams: http://www.uml-
diagrams.org/activity-diagrams.html
Use Case Diagrams. (2011, Nov 25). Retrieved Nov 26, 2011, from Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Use_case_diagram
Whitten, J., & Bentley, L. (2007). Systems Analysis and Design Methods (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill.

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Information Systems
Lecture a
Information Systems
References Lecture a (continued)
Images
Slide 3: Respiratory System Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 11/18/2007; cited
11/20/2011]. Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-12109.html. (PD-US).
Slide 4: Info ButtonImage [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 9/20/2010; cited 11/20/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-blue-information-glossy-button.html. (PD-US).
Slide 6: Audio File Icon Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 11/13/2007; cited 11/20/2011].
Available from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-3701.html. (PD-US).
Slide 7: Lightbulb Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 11/18/2007; cited 11/20/2011].
Slide 9: Teamwork icon Image [image on the Internet]. c 2007 [Updated 10/11/2007; cited 11/20/2011]. Available
from: http://wikimediafoundation.org/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_teamwork.png . (GNU-GPL).
Slide 10: Paper and Pencil Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 11/13/2007; cited 11/20/2011].
Slide 10: Computer Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 4/27/2009; cited 11/20/2011].
Slide 12: OpenERP Screenshot Image [image on the Internet]. Nikos (c 2011). [Updated 6/9/2011; cited
11/20/2011]. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:OpenERP_V6.png. (CC BY-SA 3.0).
Slide 15: Use Case Diagram Image [image on the Internet]. c 2002 [Updated 9/23/2009; cited 11/26/2011].
Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Use_case_restaurant_model.svg. (CC BY-SA 3.0).
Slide 16: People Image [image on the Internet]. Public Domain. [Updated 1/6/2011; cited 11/26/2011]. Available
from: http://www.clker.com/clipart-population.html. (PD-US).

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Information Systems
Lecture a

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Introduction to Information and

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