Reservoir Operation and Flood Management

System Framework

Guna Paudyal, M.Eng. Ph.D.
Senior Water Resources Management Expert
Team Leader RTDSS Projects (HP-2)


Drought
Irrigation
Hydropower
Domestic
water
Water
quality
Challenges & Technology Requirements
Trans-boundary
Flood
Floods Droughts
Operational Seasonal Strategic
Multiple objectives, stakeholders
Inflow forecast
Reservoir operation
Optimization
Food forecasting
Warning dissemination
Benefits
Modern IT Based solutions help us
DHI
manage, organise and
analyse large amounts
of data
make wise and robust
water management
decisions
get the full benefit of
real-time monitoring and
early warning systems
optimise operations
and planning
46 major and medium reservoirs
Operated with rigid operational
rule curves: keep the reservoirs
full towards the end of rainy
season.
But when heavy rain occurs in
catchments, then the reservoirs are
operated releasing sudden floods
downstream causing damaging
floods.
High Level Government commission:
Floods of 2005 and 2006 were devastating, strong needs of
Integrated operation of reservoirs were felt. Reservoir
operations should consider downstream flooding more
explicitly, in addition to other water uses.
Krishna-Bhima basins,
70,000 sq.km)
Ujjani = 3,350 MCM
Khadakwasala =
800 MCM
Koyna= 3,000
MCM
Sutlej & Beas
Catchments (in India)
Decision supports required:

To attain as high a level as possible
in Bhakra and Pong Reservoirs at the
end of the monsoon filling period,
depending on the acceptable risk of
spilling.

In the event the Reservoir levels
exceeds the FRL, to manage spills to
minimise downstream flooding.

to the cushion to leave at the end of
the depletion period to meet
minimum demands.

to schedule the flow diverted through
the Beas Satluj Link for optimal
irrigation and hydropower
Reservoir Operation & Flood Management System Framework


To save lives
To minimize damage
To reduce risk
Data
Collection
Transmission
& Reception
Emergency
Response
Forecasts
Dissemination
Flood Forecasting &
Early Warning System
As quickly
as
possible
Making information travel faster than flood water
As much time as possible
before flood start
Time Delay
Time Delay
Time Delay
Time Delay
NOW!
Future!
Hydrological modelling technology helps to
get additional forecast lead time
Process
Inputs Outputs


Precipitation,
Evaporation, Flows
Real Time data from
RTDAS, met forecasts


Reservoir Details, water
demands

Predicted
Runoff
Hydrographs
from all
sub-catchments

Catchment
Rainfall-runoff
model

Overview of the Modelling Process
Hydrodynamic River routing
Flood Forecast Models
Data Assimilation
Inundation mapping tools

Data from RTDAS/ Web sites,
River &
flood Plain topography
Flood Forecast,
Early warning
Flood maps

Basin Simulation
model

Optimal Water
Allocation
6 December, 2012 DHI #11
Hydro-met Network (300 telemetry stations)
A Knowledgebase system containing
Historical hydro-met data
Links to RTDAS and Web based data
GIS and other data
Data analysis tools


A suite of models
Catchment hydrology (rainfall-runoff)
Hydro-dynamics
Reservoir operation
Forecasting
Optimization
Interactive Reservoir Operation System
Dissemination system
Flood Bulletin
SMS & E-mail alerts
15
Trial Operation 2013 Monsoon
16
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF RESERVOIR WATER LEVEL
6 December, 2012 DHI #17
1-day forecast
comparison
2-day forecast
comparison

Optimization of Reservoir
Operational short term during flood
emergencies
Results at Koyna
Reservoir Operational Guidance System (ROS)
Results at Arjunwad (Koyna Complex)
Optimum operation during flood season (Khadakwasala example)
Example of
Khadakwasala complex
(average year)
Long term operation for optimum water resources management
Optimization of Reservoir Operation
(long term operation planning)


Optimization to satisfy irrigation and water demands
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W
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L
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(
m
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Optimized WL observed WL
Depleted during dry & average years, filled up in flood years (Pawana)
The BBMB RTDSS Process
Data Acquisition
System
Telemetry Data
IMD Data
RIMES Forecast
Modis Snow
Imageries
NASA Satellite
Precipitation
Manual Observation
Data
Data Storage
and
Management
System Architecture
Data Flow
Backup and Security
Modeling Tools
Weighted Rainfall
Rainfall Runoff
Snow Melt
Hydrodynamic
Allocation Model
Flood Models
Results
Visualization
and
Dissemination
Realtime DSS
Interface
Workstations
Remote Locations
Website Dashboard
Daily Reports
Email and SMS Alerts
Over view of the MIKE Customized RTDSS
Flood Forecasting including inundation d/s of Nangal
Thank you




Specific presentation on the BBMB RTDSS

Details of Krishna - Bhima RTDSS

System Demos: C.S. Modak, Dr. Pandit, Amit Garg, Sagarika

Discussion on Technology: Claus Skotner, DHI Denmark