Diet Modified in

Composition
Group 1
Low calorie diet
Calorie restriction, or caloric restriction (CR)
dietary regimen that restricts calorie intake, where
the baseline for the restriction varies
People who are interested in going on a very low-
calorie diet (VLCD) should first consult a physician.
A very low-calorie diet is any diet plan that allows
800 calories or less in a day; and the diet is
overseen by a physician.
The length of such a diet is relatively short, usually
between 3 and 6 months. Any longer and serious
health complications may arise.
Low-calorie diets and very low-
calorie diets

As you can see, a VLCD is different from what a
person might casually call a "low-calorie diet,"
which would commonly consist of 1500 to 1800
calories per day.
If you're interested in something less aggressive,
there are plenty of diet plans that will allow for
more moderate calorie restriction.


high calorie diet
one furnishing more calories than needed to
maintain weight, often more than 35004000
calories per day.
A diet containing more than 4,000 calories per
day.
Some medical conditions require a high-calorie
diet to help maintain or promote weight gain.
People with liver disease are at risk of malnutrition
due to poor intake and altered nutrient
metabolism.
To meet their needs, most people
with liver disease should increase the
amount of calories they eat each
day.
People with Huntington's Disease
have higher calorie needs because
of their constant fidgeting which
increases their metabolic rate.
Cancer patients tend to have
higher calorie needs because
of a poor appetite related to
treatment.
Eating more calorie-dense
foods, such as whole milk,
cheese and nuts, can help you
increase your calorie intake
when you have a poor
appetite.


Severe Burns
Underweight
Competitive Athletics


high-protein diet
a diet that contains large amounts of
protein, consisting largely of meats, fish,
milk, legumes, and nuts.
It may be indicated in protein depletion
that results from any cause, as a
preoperative preparation, or for patients
with severe burns and sepsis.
It may be contraindicated in liver failure or
when kidney function is so impaired that
added protein could result in azotemia
and acidosis.


low-protein diet
is any diet in which the protein
intake is reduced. Anyone
diagnosed with kidney or liver
disease may be prescribed a low-
protein diet.
In any case, a diet which is
especially low in protein should
only be undertaken under
medical direction.
Reduce amount of protein
Some of each type of protein should still
be consumed each day from the two
main sources:
Animal products (fish, poultry, eggs,
meat, dairy products) considered high
quality or complete protein.
Vegetable products (breads, cereals,
rice, pasta, dried beans) considered
low quality or incomplete protein.


Low fat diet
According to the USDA, a low-fat diet
as the name implies is a diet that
consists of little fat, especially saturated
fat and cholesterol, which is thought to
lead to increased blood cholesterol levels
and heart attack.
It is important to know that dietary fat is
needed for good health, as fats supply
energy and fatty acids, in addition to
supplying fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E,
and K


Low carbohydrates
dietary programs that
restrict carbohydrate consumption usually
for weight control or for the treatment of obesity.
Foods high in digestible carbohydrates
(e.g. bread, pasta) are limited or replaced with
foods containing a higher percentage
of proteins and fats (e.g., meat, poultry, fish,
shellfish, eggs, cheese, nuts, seeds, peanuts,
and soy products) and other foods low in
carbohydrates (e.g., most salad vegetables)
although
other vegetables and fruits (especially berries) are
often allowed.
The amount allowed of these foods varies with
different low-carbohydrate diets.
Such diets are sometimes ketogenic (i.e.
they restrict carbohydrate intake
sufficiently to cause ketosis) for example,
the induction phase of the Atkins diet.
Some sources, though, consider less
restrictive variants to be low-
carbohydrate as well.

Apart from obesity, low-
carbohydrate diets are often
used as treatments for some
other conditions, most
notably diabetes and
epilepsy, but also for chronic
fatigue syndrome (see ketosis)
and polycystic ovarian syndrome

A low sodium diet
is a diet that includes no more than 1,500
to 2,400 mgs of sodium per day.

(One
teaspoon of salt has about 2,300 mg
sodium.)

People who follow a vigorous or
moderate exercise schedule are
usually advised to limit their sodium
intake to 3,000 mg per day and
those with moderate to
severe heart failure are usually
advised to limit their sodium intake
to 2,000 mg per day.

The human requirement for sodium in the
diet is about 69 mg per day, which is
typically less than one-tenth as much as
many diets "seasoned to taste".
For certain people with salt-sensitive
blood pressure, this extra intake may
cause a negative effect on health.


Low potassium diet
Potassium is a mineral that assists in
maintaining normal blood pressure
and proper contraction of the heart.
The nervous system, digestive
system, muscles and heart are kept
healthy.
It is found in whole grains,
vegetables, milk, fruits, peas and
dried beans.



Need of a low potassium diet
If an individual has kidney problems, excess
potassium can accumulate up to dangerous
levels in the blood. This causes irregular
heartbeats, confusion or a heart attack. In this
case, a low potassium diet is recommended. If
the diet contains less than 2000 mg of potassium
per day, then it is called as a "low potassium
diet".
Low potassium foods
1 serving of the following can be considered to
be low potassium food. 1 serving implies cup.
More than 1 serving of the following can make it
high potassium food.

General foodsBread (bread products)
Cake angel, yellow
Coffee ( maximum 8 ounces)
Cookies (without nuts or chocolate)
Noodles
Pasta
Pies (without chocolate or high-potassium
foods)
Rice
Tea (maximum 16 ounces)


Low purine diet
A low-purine diet is an eating plan
that limits foods that contain purine.
Purines are a natural substance
found in some foods.
When your body digests purine, a
waste product called uric (say: yur-
ick) acid is produced.
A buildup of uric acid crystals in the
joints can cause a type of arthritis
known as gout.


Purines are found in many healthy foods.
The purpose of a low-purine diet is not to
completely avoid purines.
Instead, the goals are to limit and monitor
how much purine is in the food you eat,
and to learn how your body responds
when you eat different foods that contain
purine.

Avoid Limit Enjoy
Beer Chicken, beef, pork and duck
At least 12 cups of fluid, such as
water or fruit juice
Soft drinks that contain
sugar
Crab, lobster, oysters and
shrimp
Low-fat and fat-free dairy products,
such as cheese and yogurt
Fatty food
Lunch meats, especially high-
fat versions
Eggs (in moderation)
Organ meats, such as liver,
from any animal source
Liquor Peanut butter and nuts
Bacon, veal and venison Rice, noodles, pasta and potatoes
Yeast Fruits
Anchovies, sardines,
herring, mussels, codfish,
scallops, trout and haddock
Vegetables
Gravy Beans
Wine (in moderation)
Coffee (in moderation)

Thank you!
Quiz 1
1. It is a diet that is modified in texture:
smoothness and roughness of food
served.
2.-3. The two type of liquid diet and give
example.
4. A diet that is made up of foods which
can be completely absorbed, thereby
leaving little or no residue for formation of
feces.
5. A kind of mechanical diet that foods
must be cut into pieces no larger than
x x .



6. A diet in which food is cut by hand or
as directed to Pea size pieces x x
. Food must also be moist and no
Finger Foods.
7. A very low-calorie diet is any diet plan
that allows ___________ calories or less in a
day.
8. One teaspoon of salt has about
_____________ mg sodium.
9. Give one condition of the patient that is
advised with a Low potassium diet.
10.Purines produce the waste product
called _______________.