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Miss Karen Salinas

Tenses
Liceo Manuel Blanco Encalada
Idioma Extranjero Ingls
CALDERA
1. PRESENT TENSES
2. PAST TENSES
3. FUTURE TENSES
THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF
TENSES
THE VERB TO BE- PRESENT
The verb to be has different meanings according to its purpose. The main meaning
is Ser o Estar, when we talk about ages or sensations the meaning is Tener and
finally, when we talk about the weather the meaning is Hacer.

Personal
Pronoun
Verb To Be
I am (Im)
he is (hes)
she is (shes)
it is (its)
we are (were)
you are (youre)
they are (theyre)
Examples:

Im Chilean
Im in Chile
Shes ten years old
Hes hungry
Its cold

AFFIRMATIVE FORM
Summary
Verb to be meanings:
1. Ser/ Estar
2. Tener sensations & ages
3. Hacer weather
Personal
Pronouns
Verb to
be
Complement Short form
I (yo) am happy Im
he / she / it is hungry hes/ shes/its
we / you /
they
are brothers were/ youre/
theyre
Exercises: Put in am, is, are and then
translate the sentence.
1. The weather____ nice today.
2. I ____ not tired.
3. This bag _____ heavy.
4. These bags ____ heavy.
5. Look! There ____ Carol.
6. My brother and I _____ good tennis players.
7. Ana____ at home. Her children _____ at school.
8. I _____ a taxi driver. My sister ____ a nurse.
9. My keys ______ in my bag.
THE VERB TO BE-PRESENT
Personal
Pronoun
Verb To Be NOT
I am not (Im not)
he is not (hes not)
she is not (shes not)
it is not (its not)
we are not (were not)
you are not (youre not)
they are not (theyre not)
NEGATIVE FORM
Examples:

Tom is not interested in politics. He is interested in music.
They are not English. They are Australian.

INTERROGATIVE FORM
Verb To Be Personal Pronoun
am I?
is he?
is she?
is it?
are we?
are you?
are they?
Examples:
Am I late? No, youre on time.
Is your mother at home? No, shes out.
Your shoes are nice. Are they new?
Is it cold in your room?
THE VERB TO BE- PAST
The past tense of "to be" is used to join a subject with a word or words that tell
something about the subject that happened in the past. We often use words such
as "yesterday" or phrases such as "last week" or "last year" to indicate when
something happened in the past.
Personal
Pronoun
Verb To Be
I was
he was
she was
it was
we were (were)
you were (youre)
they were (theyre)
Examples:

I was tired last night.
The weather was good last week.
You were late yesterday.
They were here last night.
AFFIRMATIVE FORM
THE VERB TO BE-PAST
Personal
Pronoun
Verb To Be NOT
I was not (I wasnt)
he was not (he wasnt)
she was not (she wasnt)
it was not (it wasnt)
we were not (we werent)
you were not (you werent)
they were not (they werent)
NEGATIVE FORM
Examples:

The hotel was comfortable but it wasnt expensive.
We were hungry after the journey but we werent tired.

INTERROGATIVE FORM
Verb To Be Personal Pronoun
Was I?
Was he?
Was she?
Was it?
Were we?
Were you?
Were they?
Examples:

Were you late? No, I wasnt
Was Ted at work yesterday? Yes, he was.
1. Last year she ____ 22 so, she____ 23 now.
2. Today the weather ______ nice, but yesterday it _______
very cold.
3. I _______ hungry. Can I have something to eat?
4. I feel fine this morning but I _______ very tired last night.
5. Where______ you at 11 oclock last Friday morning?
6. Dont buy those shoes. They_______ very expensive.
7. I like your new jacket. _______ it expensive?
8. Where ______ the children? I dont know. They_________ in
the garden ten minutes ago.

PUT IN AM/IS/ARE (PRESENT)
OR WAS/WERE (PAST)
The simple present tense is used:
1. To express habitual actions.
She takes milk every morning.
2. To express general truths.
The sun rises in the east.
3. In exclamatory sentences beginning with here and there to
express what is actually taking place in the present.
Here comes the train!
4. To indicate a future event that is part of a fixed programme
or timetable.
The train leaves at 2.30 p.m.

THE SIMPLE PRESENT
THE SIMPLE PRESENT
Signal words: TIME EXPRESSIONS
Everyday, every week, sometimes, always,
often, usually, seldom, never, etc.
DO/DOES DO NOT /DOES NOT
DONT / DOESNT
S Third person
singular
THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE
AFFIRMATIVE FORM (3er PERSON SINGULAR)
In the third person singular (he, she, it) we
add an s to the verb.
Ex: he works, she lives, it rains.
Exceptions:
After a verb that ends in S, -SH, -CH, we add es:
passpasses, finishfinishes, watchwatches.
After a verb that ends in Y, we add ies: studystudies,
trytries, crycries.
Also dodoes, gogoes, havehas.


The present continuous tense is used:
1. To describe what is happening at the moment or
around the moment of speaking.
Im playing football at the moment.
2. Temporary situations
Shes staying with her friend at the moment.
3. It is also used to describe a plan that is fixed in a
near future (this evening, next week, on
Saturday, etc).
They are getting married next week.


THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Come: coming
Write: writing
Dance: dancing
Run: running
Sit: sitting
Swim: swimming
Lie: lying
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS-
SPELLING
THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Signal words: TIME EXPRESSIONS
Now, at the moment, today, this week, this
morning/afternoon/evening/night.
The simple past tense is used:
1. To talk about actions that happened at a specific time
in the past. You state it when it happened using a time
adverb (yesterday, last Monday)
Last year I took my exams
2. It can be used to describe events that happened over a
period of time in the past but not now.
I lived in Asia for two years.
3. It is also used to talk about habitual or repeated
actions that took place in the past
When I was a child we always went to the seaside on
weekends.
THE SIMPLE PAST
REGULAR VERBS:
The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding d
or ed to the base form of the verb.
I worked in a shop last year.
I lived in a big house when I was younger.
IRREGULAR VERBS:
Must be learned because they dont follow any rule:
go-went, come-came, buy-bought, drink-drank, eat-
ate, etc.
I went (go)to Paris last July.
She saw (see) some dolphins.
THE SIMPLE PAST- REGULAR
AND IRREGULAR VERBS
Signal words: TIME EXPRESSIONS
Yesterday, last month, last year, last time, ago, in
THE SIMPLE PAST
D or ED Did Didnt/ Did not
The past continuous tense is used:
1. To describe a past action over a period of time.


They were working all day.
2. To say that someone was in the middle of doing something
at a certain time.
This time yesterday the hairdresser was working.
3. Past simple and past continuous are used together when
something happened in the middle of something else.
The policeman broke his ankle while he was running after
the thief.


THE PAST CONTINUOUS
I was doing
Signal words: TIME EXPRESSIONS
While, as, when
THE PAST CONTINUOUS
Past continuous (in the middle of an action)
I was walking home when I met Dave (in the
middle of walking home)
Ann was watching television when the phone
rang.
Past simple (complete action)
I walked home after the party last night.
Ann watched television a lot when she was ill last
year.
COMPARE THE PAST CONTINUOUS (I
was doing) AND PAST SIMPLE (I did)

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