TYPES OF GASKETS (FOR CALCULATION PURPOSE)

MATHEMATICAL MODEL
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
Min. Design Seating Stress : y
SEATING CONDITION
Gasket Load (Seating condition):
H
G
= y x (Effective Area of Gasket) = y x (G b)
Bolt Load (Seating Condition) :
W = H
G

Gasket Factor : m
OPERATING CONDITION
As per ASME section-VIII , Div-I (Appendix-II)
Min. Residual stress is required to counteract
the Blow-out force at Opt. condition.
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
OPERATING CONDITION ---
CONTINUED
Bolt Load (Operation Condition) :

W = Gasket Load + Pressure Load
= Gasket Load +(Hydrostatic End Force + Pressure Force on Flange Face)
= H
G
+ (H
D
+ H
T

)
= (2b GmP )+ (/4xG
2
P)
Gasket Load (Operating condition):

H
G
= Total Gasket Load Required to maintain Seal at Opt. condition


= H
P

= ( Residual Stress at Operating condition to counteract Blow-out force)
X (Annular area of width 2b)
=(mP) x (2b G)
= 2b GmP
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
TABLE FOR m AND y (Table UA 49.1, ASME Section VIII, Appendix-2)
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
Basic Gasket Sealing Width: b
0
(Table UA 49.1, ASME Section VIII, Appendix-2)
Effective Gasket Sealing Width: b

(Table UA 49.1, ASME Section VIII, Appendix-2)
Location of Gasket Load Reaction: G

(Table UA 49.1, ASME Section VIII, Appendix-2)
GASKET JOINT PARAMATERS
EXAMPLE------Test your skills

Given : Flanged J oint for NPS 12 Pipes
Flange Material is ASTM A105
Design Pressure =2000 PSI
Design Temperature =650
0
F
Bolting Material is ASTM A193 Gr. B7
Gasket is Spiral Wound, Fiber filled, Stainless Steel 13.75 ID X 1.0 Wide

Codes in action : Use B31.3 Table A-2 for the allowable stress of Bolting material
Use B16.5 Table 2-1.1 for Flange rating
Use B16.5 Table for Flange and Bolt dimensions
Use Section-VIII Tables U 49.1 and 49.2 (Appendix-2) for m, y, b, and G

Objective : (1) Select suitable Flange Rating
(2) Calculate Bolt loads in both Seating and Operating conditions
(3) Check whether Bolts are suitable or not through calculating the Tensile
Stress in Bolts