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Presentation On

WORLD BANK
Submitted to
Md. Mahmud Hasan
Submitted By
Farah Tahsin 2010237009
Riya Begum 2010237042
Mohammad Mizbahuddoza 2010237063
Habil Uddin 2010237076
Rajan Roy 2009237024
WHAT IS THE WORLD BANK?
The World Bank is an international financial institution that
provides loans to developing countries for capital programs.
The World Bank is a global connector of knowledge,
learning and innovation for poverty reduction.
According to the World Bank's Articles of Agreement, all of
its decisions must be guided by a commitment to promote
foreign investment, international trade, and facilitate capital
investment.
The World Bank comprises only two institutions: the
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(IBRD) and the International Development Association
(IDA).
Historical Background:
1944
1965
1968-1980
1980
The World Bank is one of four institutions
created at the Bretton Woods Conference in 1944.
From its conception until 1965, the bank
undertook a relatively low level of lending.
From 1968 to 1980, the bank concentrated on
meeting the basic needs of people in the
developing world.
In 1980, the World Bank Administrative Tribunal
was established to decide on disputes between the
World Bank Group and its staff.

1989
1991
2001
2012
From 1989, World Bank policy changed in response to
criticism from many groups.
In 1991, the WB announced that it would not finance
any commercial logging or infrastructure projects that
do harm to the environment.
In 2001 the World Bank adopted a gender equality
policy as a means to help reduce poverty.
In 2012, for the first time, there are two candidates
nominated for the presidency of the World Bank who
are not from the United States.
Mission and Vision of the World Bank:

Mission:
Its mission is to fight poverty with passion and professionalism for
lasting results and to help people help themselves and their
environment by providing resources, sharing knowledge, building
capacity and forging partnerships in the public and private sectors.
Vision:
The World Banks vision is to achieve a world that is free
of poverty and that will be able to achieve all the
Millennium Development Goals.
Member Countries of the World Bank:
The World Bank is like a cooperative, made up of 188 member countries. These member
countries, or shareholders, are represented by a Board of Governors, who is the ultimate
policymakers at the World Bank.
The list of the Member Countries are presented below-

Member Countries of the World bank
Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bahamas,
Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana, Brazil,
Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti,
Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Arab Republic of, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia,
Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-
Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Islamic Republic of, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy,
Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, Korea, Republic of, Kosovo, Kuwait, Kyrgyz Republic, Lao People's
Democratic Republic, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, FYR of, Madagascar,
Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Federated States of,
Moldova, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua,
Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,
Qatar, Romania, Russian Federation, Rwanda, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Serbia,
Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Spain,
Sri Lanka, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,
Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,
Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,
Vanuatu, Venezuela, Republica Bolivariana de, Vietnam, Yemen, Republic of Zambia
Governing Bodies:
Board of Governors:

The Boards of Governors are the ultimate policymakers at the World Bank.
The Boards of Governors consist of one Governor and one Alternate
Governor appointed by each member country. The office is usually held by
the country's minister of finance, governor of its central bank, or a senior
official of similar rank. The Governors and Alternates serve for terms of five
years and can be reappointed.

The governors delegate specific duties to 25 Executive Directors, who work
on-site at the Bank. The five largest shareholders, France, Germany, Japan,
the United Kingdom and the United States appoint an executive director,
while other member countries are represented by 20 elected executive
directors.

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Ministry of
Finance
Governor of its
Central Bank
Senior Official of
Similar Rank
The Boards of
Governors
One
Governor
One Alternate
Governor
appointed by each
member country
Power of the Boards of Governors:
Admit and suspend members;
Increase or decrease the authorized capital stock;
Determine the distribution of the net income of the Bank;
Decide appeals from interpretations of the Articles of Agreement by
the Executive Directors;
Make formal comprehensive arrangements to cooperate with other
international organizations;
Suspend permanently the operations of the Bank;
Increase the number of elected Executive Directors; and
Approve amendments to the Articles of Agreement.


Functions of the World Bank:
World Bank performs the following functions-
Granting reconstruction loans to war devastated countries.
Granting developmental loans to underdeveloped countries.
Providing loans to governments for agriculture, irrigation, power,
transport, water supply, educations, health etc.
Providing loans to private concerns for specified projects.
Promoting foreign investment by guaranteeing loans provided by
other organizations.
Providing technical, economic and monetary advice to member
countries for specific projects.
Encouraging industrial development of under developed countries by
promoting economic reforms.

Dealing Matters of the World Bank:
Central and national banks
Large-scale land investment
Food and financial crises
Building Peaceful States
Helping develop infrastructure
Private sector and non-profit development
Offer more responsive, flexible and comprehensive
solutions
Meet middle-income countries specific needs
World Bankss Relationship with Bangladesh:
The World Bank is the largest as well as the most influential
lender of Bangladesh. It is the coordinator of aid donors in
Bangladesh. Since Independence, it has lent $12.5 billion to the
country and played a critical role in shaping the countrys
institutions and policies.
In the 1970s, the World Bank concentrated largely on project
lending for achieving food self-sufficiency, mobilizing domestic
resources, improving social indicators, and enhancing project
implementation of Bangladesh
During the next phase of its operations in the late 1980s, the World
Bank focused on policy reforms to create an environment
conducive to private sector development of Bangladesh.


The World Bank has been supporting the Government of Bangladesh to
implement a market-based off-grid electrification program since 2002.
In recent times, WB has approved a low-interest loan which amounts $6.1
billion. Of the $6.1 billion, $1.2 billion is allocated to the Padma
Multipurpose Bridge mega-project. Along with the loan it suggested that
Bangladesh should adopt a 9- to 12-year plan to address the problems with
gas and power.
World Bank has the larger share of credit in Bangladesh as percentage of
GDP. Thus the World bank is contributing in the growth of the economy
of Bangladesh. Over the years, the economy of Bangladesh has expanded a
lot. In the way of expansion Bangladesh got the maximum help from its
central donor agency World Bank.
At present the WB is working a lot of projects in different sectors. Among
them the BD Private Sector Development Project, Employment
Generation Program for the Poorest, Bangladesh Integrated Agricultural
Development Project, Investment Promotion and Financing Facility,
Rural Transport Improvement Additional Financing are mentionable.

Criticism of the World Bank:
There is a wide gap between the ideal, reality, principles and
practices of the World Bank.
The World Bank encompasses a whole range of issues but they
generally center around concern about only the approaches
adopted by their in formulating their policies, and the way they
are governed.
The World Bank is concerned about the conditionality imposed
on borrower countries. Often the conditionality are attached
without due regard for the borrower countries individual
circumstances and the prescriptive recommendations by the
World Bank fail to resolve the economic problems within the
countries.
Criticism has centered on the ethical issues of funding in different
projects of the World Bank. For example, World Bank-funded
construction of hydroelectric dams in various countries has
resulted in the displacement of indigenous peoples of the area.


The World Banks role in the global climate change finance architecture
has also caused much controversy. Civil society groups see the Bank as
unfit for a role in climate finance because of the conditionality and
advisory services usually attached to its loans.
There are also concerns that the World Bank working in partnership
with the private sector may undermine the role of the state as the primary
provider of essential goods and services, such as healthcare and
education, resulting in the shortfall of such services in countries badly in
need of them.
Critics of the World Bank also apprehensive about the role of the Bretton
Woods institutions in shaping the development discourse through their
research, training and publishing activities.
There are also criticisms against the World Bank governance structures
which are dominated by industrialized countries. Decisions are made and
policies implemented by leading industrialized countries because they
represent the largest donors without much consultation with poor and
developing countries.

One of the strongest criticisms of the World Bank has been the way in
which it is governed. While the World Bank represents 188 countries, it is
run by a small number of economically powerful countries. These
countries choose the leadership and senior management of the World
Bank, and so their interests dominate the bank.
The World Bank has dual roles that are contradictory: that of a political
organization and that of a practical organization. In case of maintaining
these dual roles, it does not show neutrality in specializing in development
aid, technical assistance, and loans.
An important criticism of the World Bank is that the President is always
a citizen of the United States, nominated by the President of the United
States (though subject to the approval of the other member countries).
The effect of structural adjustment policies on poor countries has been
one of the most significant criticisms of the World Bank.

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