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This document presents a proposed hybrid snakes algorithm for semi-autonomous detection of roadways from aerial images. The algorithm aims to detect both natural and man-made roads in various conditions. It also seeks to allow for safe landing of aerial vehicles in unstructured terrain. Existing methods are reviewed, including snakes algorithms and other approaches. The proposed method would use a hybrid of watershed transforms and snakes algorithms to identify roads with bends and bifurcations in both structured and unstructured environments. A workplan is provided laying out timeline for developing and simulating the algorithm over 6 months.
This document presents a proposed hybrid snakes algorithm for semi-autonomous detection of roadways from aerial images. The algorithm aims to detect both natural and man-made roads in various conditions. It also seeks to allow for safe landing of aerial vehicles in unstructured terrain. Existing methods are reviewed, including snakes algorithms and other approaches. The proposed method would use a hybrid of watershed transforms and snakes algorithms to identify roads with bends and bifurcations in both structured and unstructured environments. A workplan is provided laying out timeline for developing and simulating the algorithm over 6 months.
This document presents a proposed hybrid snakes algorithm for semi-autonomous detection of roadways from aerial images. The algorithm aims to detect both natural and man-made roads in various conditions. It also seeks to allow for safe landing of aerial vehicles in unstructured terrain. Existing methods are reviewed, including snakes algorithms and other approaches. The proposed method would use a hybrid of watershed transforms and snakes algorithms to identify roads with bends and bifurcations in both structured and unstructured environments. A workplan is provided laying out timeline for developing and simulating the algorithm over 6 months.
2 OBJECTIVES To propose a hybrid snakes road detection algorithm in aerial images. For detecting both natural and man-made road regions. Invariant to changes in intensity and lighting conditions. Sufficiently fast so that it can be further integrated into road tracking and following algorithms . To develop the algorithm for safe landing of aerial vehicle in an unstructured terrain.
3 INTRODUCTION Various constraints of images through aerial photography are low resolution, noise, occlusion, shadows, misinterpretation due to landscape etc. Extraction of roads from multiple bisection road is difficult Identification of bifurcation in roads. Roads with large curve are difficult to identify. Hybrid snakes algorithm will be developed to detect the roads under these constraints. 4 Contd., 5 For safe landing in a unstructured terrain there is no algorithm which detects the roadway in both urban image and desert images. Recent methods which works well on the urban images in detecting the roads with intersection, bifurcation etc., whereas in unstructured terrain it detects only straight roads Hence the hybrid snakes algorithm will be developed to detect the roads in unstructured terrain with turns and curves. LITERATURE SURVEY 6
lock on to nearby edges, Localizing them accurately. Used to find boundaries of road and to fill gaps.
METHOD: 1. Edge detection. 2. Edge extraction. 3. Edge grouping 4. Anti-parallel edge detection. 5. Pattern matching. DRAWBACK: Unable to detect road due to noise and occlusion. 7 Michael kass, andrew , demetri Snakes: active contour model International Journal of Computer Vision, pg.no 321-331, 1998. Maxim D. Peysakhov , Implementing an Automatic Road Extraction from Aerial Images Drexel University, Department of Computer Science, May 26, 2005.
Road extraction from dynamic programming. B-splines approximation of deformable models. Least square approach to b-snakes.
Path having minimum cost will be considered as a part of the road. The high-resolution images are preferable due to use of width and variance Information for road extraction limitation. Drawback: The algorithm may not work on the road cast by shadow. Algorithm cannot judge the validity of input seeds. 8 Haihong li, semi automatic road extraction from satellite and aerial images Swiss Federal Insitute Of Technology Zurich, march 1998. Shukla, R. ChandraKanth , R. Ramachandran Semi-Automatic Road Extraction Algorithm for High Resolution Images Using Path following Approach, 2006.
2-D Wavelet Transform for Road Extraction . remove some background noises. deleting undesirable features using wavelet transform.
Histogram based thresholding Probabilistic Hough Transform DRWABACK: Detects straight roads but it partially detect the roads with curves , intersection etc. 9 Chen, Wang, and Zhang A Wavelet Transform Based Method for Road Centerline Extraction Photogrammetric engineering & remote sensing December 2004. Yucong Lin, Srikanth Saripalli Road detection from Aerial Imagery IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, May 2012. LITERATURE REVIEW 10 AUTHOR METHOD INFERENCE Steger (1995) proposed model-based road- extraction method classifies knowledge geometry, radiometry, topology, and context. Trinder and Li (1995) active contour or snakes semi-automatic method of feature extraction Barzohar and Cooper (1997) gray-value histogram selection of starting points Trinder and Wang (1998) automatic road extraction using anti- parallel pair . to describe road boundaries Kerschner (1998) a twin-snakes model detecting two parallel contours simultaneously AUTHOR METHOD INFERENCE Hinz and baumgartner (2003) Road segments and the three-dimensional digital surface model (DSM) Urban road networks from multi-view aerial imagery, remove occlusions Li and ma (2003) Geometric constraints such as terrain information Road extraction from aerial photography Amini et al. (2002) Object-based approach Segmentation, binary image, extract road skeleton Hinz and baumgartner (2003) Road segments and the three-dimensional digital surface model (DSM) Urban road networks from multi-view aerial imagery, remove occlusions Hu, H., Lee, D. L., And xu, J., 2006 Dynamic programming technique Extract roads 11 EARLIER INNOVATION: Watershed based region extraction for structured road identification DRAWBACK: Unable to detect the fine bends and bifurcation & unstructured terrain.
RECENT INNOVATION: Snake or connectivity based road identification. DRAWBACK: Well defined boundary.
12 MOTIVATION Watershed transform region growing based detection snake algorithm detects the bends & bifurcation
13 SINGLE STRAIGHT ROAD DETECTION:[structured] Image + watershed transform = road extracted SINGLE ROAD WITH BENDS & BIFURCATION[structured]: Image + snake algorithm = road extracted MULTIPLE ROAD DETECTION:[both structured & unstructured] Image + watershed transform = rough boundary Watershed + Snake algorithm = roads with bends, bifurcation identified FLOWCHART 14 INPUT IMAGE PRE PROCESSING THRESHOLDING METHOD HYBRID SNAKES ALGORITHM SEMI AUTOMATIC ROAD EXTRACTION MULTI RESOLUTION HIGH RESOLUTION LOW RESOLUTION WORKPLAN 15 JULY Literature review for finding the various constraints in road detection. AUGUST Literature review for finding various approach used in road detection SEPTEMB ER Learning MATLAB software & developing semi autonomous road detection algorithm OCTOBER Simulation of proposed approach JANUARY Literature review for finding best method for autonomous road detection algorithm FEBRUAR Y Developing autonomous road detection algorithm
MARCH Simulation of algorithm
APRIL Report work A U G U S T
S E P T
O C T O B E R
J A N U A R Y
F E B
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Report work Simulation Learning MATLAB software & developing road detection algorithm Developing autonomous road detection algorithm Literature review for finding various method in road detection LITERATURE REVIEW J U L Y
GANNT CHART 16 Simulation of Semi automatic road detection Finding best approach for autonomous detection REFERENCE [1] Yucong Lin, Srikanth Saripalli Road detection from Aerial Imagery IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, May 2012.
[2] A. Cesetti , E. Frontoni , A. Mancini A Vision-Based Guidance System for UAV Navigation and Safe Landing using Natural Landmarks J Intell Robot Syst , PP(233 257),October 2010.
[3] Shukla, R. ChandraKanth , R. Ramachandran Semi- Automatic Road Extraction Algorithm for High Resolution Images Using Path following Approach , 2006.
[4] Chen, Wang, and Zhang A Wavelet Transform Based Method for Road Centerline Extraction Photogrammetric engineering & remote sensing December , 2004.
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[5] J. Mena, State of the art on automatic road extraction for GIS update: a novel classification, in Pattern Recognition Letters,vol.24,pp.3037-3058, 2003.
[6] I. Laptev, H. Mayer, T. Lindeberg, W. Eckstein, C. Steger, and A. Baumgartner. Automatic extraction of roads from aerial images based on scale space and snakes, in Machine Vision and Applications, vol.12,pp.23- 31, 2000.
[7] Michael kass, andrew , demetri Snakes: active contour model International Journal of Computer Vision, pg. no 321- 331, 1998.
[8] Haihong li, Semi automation road extraction from satellite and aerial images Swiss federal institute of technology, march,1997.