NOUNS AND PRONOUN

Grup 1
NOUNS
PART OF
NOUNS
DEFINITION
SUFFIX
TYPE OF
SUFFIX


PRONOUN
DEFINITION
PART OF
PRONOUN
EXERCISE
Nouns
A noun is a word used to name a person,
animal, place, and thing.

Type of Nouns
1. Common Nouns
2. Proper Nouns
3. Collective Nouns
4. Material Nouns
5. Compound Nouns

1.Common Nouns

A common noun is a noun referring to a person,
place, or thing. usually, you should write it with a
capital letter only when it begins a sentence.
car
man
bridge
town
water
metal
ammonia


2. Proper Nouns
You always write a proper noun with a capital letter,
since the noun represents the name of a specific person,
place, or thing. The names of days of the week, months,
historical documents, institutions, organisations, religions,
their holy texts and their adherents are proper nouns.
Example :
The Marroons were transported from Jamaica and forced to
build the fortifications in Halifax.
Many people dread Monday mornings.
Beltane is celebrated on the first of May.
Abraham appears in the Talmud and in the Koran.
Last year, I had a Baptist, a Buddhist, and a Gardnerian
Witch as roommates.
3. Collective Nouns

A collective noun is a noun naming a group of
things, animals, or persons. You could count the
individual members of the group, but you usually
think of the group as a whole is generally as one
unit.
Example :
The flock of geese spends most of its time in the
pasture.
The jury is dining on take-out chicken tonight.
The steering committee meets every Wednesday
afternoon.
The class was startled by the bursting light bulb.
http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/n
ouns.html
4. Material Nouns

Material nouns are nouns that are used to
indicate the objects came from and made from
nature (the earth) as well as natural
phenomena, nor to indicate man-made
objects. Example:
table -> wood
shirt -> cotton
http://catatanbahasainggris.blogspot.com/2009/0
1/material-nouns.html

5. Compound Nouns

A compound noun is made up of two or
more words put together to form a single
noun. A compound noun can be written as
one word, two or more words, or with a
hyphen or hyphens.
example :
my husband and I
paper - clip
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_compo
und_noun

Pronouns
A pronoun is a substitute for a noun designating persons or
things asked for, previously specified, or understood from the
word and what it is saying.
Examples of pronouns: He, she, it, you, yourself, myself, himself,
herself, yourselves, whom, etc.
Example Sentences:

"David reads the paper." The sentence becomes "He reads the
paper."

"The boys didn't make the team and the boys were very sad."
"The boys didn't make the team and they were very sad.
"They" is the pronoun that replaces "the boys".
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_a_pronoun


Part of Pronouns :
1. Personal Pronouns
2. Possessive Pronouns
3. Demonstrative Pronouns
4. Interrogative Pronouns
5. Reflexive Pronouns
6. Indefinite Pronouns
7. Relative Pronouns
8. Intensive Pronouns
9. Reciprocal Pronouns



1. Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns are pronouns used as
substitutes for proper or common nouns.

Example :
He shook her* hand.
Why do you always rely on me to do your*
homework for you?
They tried to run away from the hunter, but he
set his* dogs after them.
2. Possessive Pronouns

A possessive pronoun is a part of speech that
substitutes for a noun phrase that begins with a
possessive determiner (also known as a possessive
adjective).
For example, in the sentence These glasses are
mine, not yours, the words mine and yours are
possessive pronouns and stand for my glasses and
your glasses, respectively. Like other pronouns,
possessive pronouns can thus obviate the need to
repeat nouns or noun phrases.
Example :
Hands off, that's mine!
Yours is over there.
I don't like hers much.


3. Demonstrative Pronouns

is a indicate word based a distance.




Example :
This is my car, these are Ridwan's cars.
That pen is yours, those are mine.

singular plural arti fungsi
this these ini Menunjukk benda yang dekat dengan
pembicara
that those itu Menunjuk benda yang jauh dengan pembicara
4. Interrogative Pronouns

Interrogative Pronouns is a question words
to asks person or thing, like a: who, whom,
whose, which, what.
example :
Who is that boy?
Whose car is this?


5. Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive Pronouns is noun to indicate to
person activity in sentence or give pressing to
subject or object.
example :
He spoke to himself.
I myself drive the car.

6. Indefinite Pronouns

Indefinite Pronouns is words refering to a
person or thing which opinion not definite,
like a everybody, anybody, somebody, all,
each, every, some, none, one.
Example :
Is there anyone in the office?
Somebody broke my car last night.

7. Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronouns is a words which
arrange a noun or noun phrase with a clear-
clause, like a: who, whom whose, which, that.
Example :
She will tell you what you need to know.
I do not know who really he is.

8. Intensive Pronouns
is a noun which reflection from a noun.the
site after nouns/pronouns. The fungtion to
more stress the purpose of sentence.
example :
Henry himself who told me so.
Mary herself repaired the computer.
Jack himself gave me the book.
9. Reciprocal Pronouns
Yaitu kata ganti yang menyatakan hubungan timbal balik
antara 2 atau lebih.
Frase yang digunakan adalah:
Each other = satu sama lain (2 orang)
One another = satu sama lain ( lebih dari 2 orang)
Contoh:
Henry and Elizabeth loves each other.
All children love one another.
exercise
:
Answer the correct form of the pronoun or possessive adjective in
the following sentences.
I go to school with (he/him) everyday
I see (she/her/herself) at the Union every Friday.
She speaks to (we/us/ourselves) every morning.
Isnt (she/her) a nice person ?.
(He/Him) is going to New York on vacation.
(She/Her) and John gave the money to the boy.
(Yours/Your) record is scratched and (my/mine) is too.
I hurt (my/mine/the) leg.
John bought (himself/herself/hisself) a new coat.
(We/Us) girs are going camping over the weekend.

SUFFIX

A suffix is something added at the end of a
word that conditions its usage or meaning.

TYPE OF SUFFIX


Inflectional suffixes

Derivational suffixes


Inflection changes grammatical properties of a word
within its syntactic category.
In the example:
The weather forecaster said it would clear today, but it
hasn't cleared at all.
the suffix -ed inflects the root-word clear to indicate past
tense.
Some inflectional suffixes in present day English:
-s third person singular present
-ed past tense
-ing progressive/continuous
-s plural
-en plural (irregular)
-er comparative
-est superlative
-n't negative

Inflectional suffixes

Derivational suffixes

In the example:
"The weather forecaster said it would be clear today, but
I can't see clearly at all"
the suffix -ly modifies the root-word clear from an
adjective into an adverb. Derivation can also form a
semantically distinct word within the same syntactic
category.
In this example:
"The weather forecaster said it would be a clear day
today, but I think it's more like clearish!"
the suffix -ish modifies the root-word clear, changing its
meaning to "clear, but not very clear".

Some derivational suffixes in present day English:
-ly
-ful
-able/-ible
-ness
-less
-ment
-ist
-ish

exercise
Answer the correct form of the pronoun or possessive
adjective in the following sentences.
I go to school with (he/him) everyday
I see (she/her/herself) at the Union every Friday.
She speaks to (we/us/ourselves) every morning.
Isnt (she/her) a nice person ?.
(He/Him) is going to New York on vacation.
(She/Her) and John gave the money to the boy.
(Yours/Your) record is scratched and (my/mine) is too.
I hurt (my/mine/the) leg.
John bought (himself/herself/hisself) a new coat.
(We/Us) girs are going camping over the weekend.