.

Launched in India by council for scientific

and industrial research (CSIR) on 15
September 2008

Globally launched on 28 Sept. 2009 during 13
th

human genomic meeting at Hyderabad.


Open source denotes a product or system whose origins,
formula, design, etc., are freely accessible to the public

Open source model has following characteristics

Universal access via free license to a product's design or blueprint

Universal redistribution of that design or blueprint,

Subsequent improvements can be done to it by the participants .

The product is available to contributors and non-contributors alike.

open source also refers to a computer program in which the source
code is available to the general public for use.


The term open source gained popularity with the
rise of the Internet, LINUX OS

In biology with the Human Genome Sequencing
Project (HUGO initiative).
Open source is expected to provide better
quality, higher reliability, more flexibility, lower
cost, and an end to closed-door activities which
increase the drug discovery cost to a great
extent .

Open Source Drug Discovery (OSDD)
Open Source Drug Discovery is a CSIR led team
India Consortium with global partnership with a
vision to provide
affordable healthcare to the developing world by
providing a global platform where the best minds
can collaborate to solve the complex problems
associated with discovering novel therapies for
neglected tropical diseases like Tuberculosis,
Malaria, Leishmaniasis etc.

Launched on the three cardinal principals of
Collaborate,
Discover
Share,
OSDD applies the open source philosophy,
"many eyeballs makes the bug shallow to
the science of drug discovery.
OSDD envisions making drugs available at
affordable prices for diseases that afflict the
developing world by expanding resources for
research through open collaboration

OSDD is a platform for drug discovery that brings
together
Informaticians,
Lab scientists,
Contract research organizations,
Clinicians,
Hospitals and
Others who are willing to adhere to the affordable
healthcare philosophy agreeing to the OSDD
license.
Osdd provides opportunity for scientists, doctors,
technocrats, students and other experts to work for a
common cause.

OSDD is currently focused on the discovery of
novel drugs for

TB and Malaria.


Vision and Mission

The vision : to provide affordable healthcare
for neglected diseases.

The mission of OSDD:
to foster innovation on neglected diseases.
to bring openness and collaborative spirit in the
research and development process with the
objective of keeping cost low.

The motto of OSDD is affordable health care for all.







Osdd as a Response to Market
Failure for needed drug discovery




Osdd As A Response To Market Failure

Since last 50 years there has been no new drug for TB and
other tropical diseases
These diseases mostly affect the poor.
The reason for failure to get adequate research
investments to the tropical infectious diseases is the
absence of a market which ensures return on investment
for the industry.

To respond to this problem OSDD was launched with the
objectives of

Keeping the medicine cost low

developing a web based platform for collaboration.

to make the research and development less expensive, ,
compared to the traditional approaches followed in the
industry.

OSDD has emerged as the largest open source
collaborative effort in drug discovery.

It is dedicated to the poor of India and
elsewhere.

It provides alternative innovative strategies for
development of new drugs for TB.

Collaborative Innovation Platform of osdd


OSDD comprises a community of

students,scientists,researchers,academicians
institutions, and corporations committed to
discovery of drugs in an open source mode

All the projects and the research results of osdd are
reported on the web based platform SysBorg 2.0,
enabling independent researchers to freely share their
work, discuss, and collaborate through the internet.


Funding
philanthrophic
organisations
government
multilateral agencies
Osdd unit
The core unit comprises

The Chief Mentor

The head osdd unit

Project Director and
Project Leaders who continuously monitors and reviews the
projects being carried out under OSDD umbrella and decide the
appropriateness of funding new projects.

An expert administration and finance team assists the core
members .

Mentors
The Chief Mentor is Prof. S. K Brahmachari, Director
General of CSIR.
Mentors.
Prof. M Vijayan, Professor , Indian National Science
Academy,

Dr. V M Katoch Director General, Indian Council of Medical
Research (ICMR),

Dr. N.K. Ganguly, Former DG, ICMR

The overall activity is implemented by the OSDD Unit. Each
scientific project is executed by a Principal Investigator (PI).
Osdd head
Dr T.S Balganesh, a CSIR Scientist, heads the OSDD unit and provides
scientific guidance to the principal investigators regarding implementation
of scientific projects aimed at enhancing drug discovery .
Dr Balganesh has done PhD from the University of Calcutta followed by
Post Doctoral research at the Brookhaven National Lab, USA and the Max
Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, West Berlin, Germany.
He has been associated with AstraZeneca India (AZI) for over two
decades
He is a global expert on TB and other infectious diseases and has vast
experience in leading drug discovery and development

Project Director
Mr. Zakir Thomas is the Project Director,

Open Source Drug Discovery (OSDD).

He holds MSc in Physics from Mahatma Gandhi
University. LLB from Delhi University and a Masters degree
in Intellectual Property (IP), Commerce and Technology from
Franklin Pierce Law Centre, University of New Hampshire,
United States.

Principle investigators
About 189 principle investigators from various field
Biology
Computer science
Bioinformatics
Medicinal Chemistry
Synthetic Chemistry
Clinical
Diagnostics


The OSDD project is managed online.

All project documents and tracking are done through the OSDD
portal Sysborg 2.0 (http//sysborg2.osdd.net.)

All Principal Investigators report directly to the Project
Director online.

The core-OSDD team meets monthly. The Chief mentor reviews
the progress of the platform quarterly along with the Board of
mentors.

Osdd chem.
OSDD Chem. is the web interface for large scale
synthesis of diverse chemical compounds to screen
them against TB and Malaria.
It is a repository of synthesized, extracted, semi
synthesized and virtual molecules among which
selected molecules are screened for anti tuberculosis
activity.

Basic steps in drug discovery
Model for novel drug discovery
Open innovation
-Biology
-Target
identification
-Hit
Developmental
strategy
-Lead
Clinical trials
strategy
-Candidate drug
-Clinical trials
-Registered
drug
Design make test analyze cycle
Target based approach whole cell based approach




Identifying targets that are essential for compounds are chosen that are
bacteria and compounds acting against able to kill the bacteria
these

Mic <16 mic grams prioritrised for hit evaluations
Lead identification
Candidate selection
Delivery of drugs to market
To deliver drugs to the market OSDD relies on the generic
industry business model.

The drugs that come out of OSDD will be made available like a
generic drug without any IP encumbrances so that the generic
drug industry can manufacture and sell it through their channels
anywhere in the world.

The generic drug industry based market model creates the
environment of affordability.



Partners with osdd

Global TB alliance
Drugs for neglected disease
Royal society of chemistry
Research Institutions
Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI), Lucknow
Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI), Chennai
Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Delhi
Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (IICB), Kolkata
Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad
Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM), Jammu
National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune
North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat
National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum
Universities/ Academic Institution



Industries/Private partners

AU-KBC
AstraZeneca
Cambia
HP
Infosys
Jalaja Technologies
Premas Biotech
Spicy IP
Sun Microsystems
TCG Life Sciences


Drugs so far studied
Drugs which are in pre clinical trial
Amlodipine
Verapamil
Thioamide boosters
Drugs in Clinical trial
Pa 824
Pa M-Z combination

PA-824 is being studied in a three arm clinical trial study
being conducted at LRS Institute of Tuberculosis and
Respiratory Diseases.
PA 824 The bicyclic nitroimidazole like molecule has got a
very complex mechanism of action active against both
replicating and hypoxic, non-replicating Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
PA-824 recently was shown to be safe, well tolerated, and
efficacious at doses of 100200 mg daily among drug-
sensitive, sputum smearpositive, adult pulmonary TB
patients.

The osdd logo
OSDD Funding Policies

The core funding of OSDD is from the Government of India. For the period of
September 2008 to March 2012 Government of India has earmarked Rs 45.96 crores
(about $12 million) for the project.

OSDD uses this funds for the funding appropriate scientific projects that helps OSDD
in drug discovery for TB and Malaria, setting up infrastructure, and supporting
ongoing activities of the project.

Up to 2012 OSDD was a project under National Laboratories Scheme of CSIR. For the
12
th
five-year plan during 2013-2017, the planning commission has approved the
continuation of OSDD as a part of Scheme for Open Innovation of CSIR.

Sir Dorabji Tata Trust has awarded a Grant to enable Council of Scientific & Industrial
Research (CSIR), New Delhi for operating TATA CSIR-OSDD Fellowship (TCOF) to
support students and young researchers who will participate in the process of crowd
sourcing. The Grant amounts to Rs.285.75 lakhs for a period of 3 years.

PA-824full chemical name (S)-2-nitro-6-(4-
81 (trifluoromethoxy)benzyloxy)-6,7-dihydro-5H-
imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]oxazine
crowd source :obtain (information or input into a
particular task or project) by enlisting the
services of a number of people, either paid or
unpaid, typically via the Internet.
What is SysBorg 2.0?
SysBorg stands for Systems Biology of the
Organism (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). SysBorg
2.0 is a Wiki based OSDD collaboration system
and CyberInfrastructure for collaborative
research. To visit: http//sysborg2.osdd.net
Most software that you buy or download only comes in
the compiled ready-to-run version. Compiled means that the actual
program code that the developer created, known as the source code,
has run through a special program called a compiler that translates the
source code into a form that the computer can understand (see How C
Programming Works for details on compilers). It is extremely difficult
to modify the compiled version of most applications and nearly
impossible to see exactly how the developer created different parts of
the program. Most commercial software manufacturers see this as an
advantage that keeps other companies from copying their code and using
it in a competing product. It also gives them control over the quality and
features found in a particular product.
Open source software is at the opposite end of the spectrum. The
source code is included with the compiled version and modification or
customization is actually encouraged. The software developers who
support the open source concept believe that by allowing anyone who's
interested to modify the source code, the application will be more useful
and error-free over the long term.

Why is the cost of conventional drug discovery so high?
The market size is a major driving force in the way major
pharmaceutical companies select the human disease for new drug
discovery programmes . The discovery and development of a new drug
costs approximately US$ 250-800 million and takes about 12 years.
Most pharmaceutical companies do not invest money in diseases of the
third world primarily due to the small market size represented by
potential buyers. Secondly, the prohibitive cost of IPR protection and
maintenance, and confidentiality of drug development are not conducive
to bringing together the best brains of the world to work together with
industry. A decentralized web based community wide effort, where
students, scientists and technocrats, universities, institutes and
corporations could work together for a common cause could bring down
the cost of drug discovery significantly by knowledge sharing and
constructive collaboration. OSDD aims to discover new chemical entities
and to make them generic as soon as they are discovered, thus
expediting the process of drug discovery.