Name : Muhammad Insan Kamil

Class : III MA
Nim : 061230200091
Majoring : Mechanical Engineering
Subject : Mechanic of Material
Lecturer : H. Firdaus ST, MT
Heat Treatment (Perlakuan Panas)

Heat Treating defined as the controlled heating and
cooling of metals for the primary purpose of altering their
properties (strength, ductility, hardness, toughness,
machinability, etc
Can be done for Strengthening purposes such as
:converting structure to martensite.
Can be done for Softening and Conditioning Purposes
such as : annealing, tempering, etc.

CASE HARDENING
When we want to make a material harder on the case
(just surface) than in of material.
Low carbon steels cannot be hardened by heating due
to the small amounts of carbon present.
Case hardening seeks to give a hard outer skin over a
softer core on the metal.
The addition of carbon to the outer skin is known as
carburising.


Function OF Case Hardening

In general case, every part of machine
has a characteristics. so there are some
differences to the needs of the material
such as harder output than input.
Example :
Gearbox, gear are part of the machine that
works more harder in the surface, so, for make
material is not brittle & easier break. The
solution is case hardening
CASE HARDENING METHODS
Methods to Surface Hardening
Heat Treatment
Induction
Flame
Laser
Light
Electron beam
Case Hardening
Carburizing
Cyaniding
Carbonitriding
Nitriding
Simple process of Surface Hardening
The simple process of surface hardening when
the case of material is heating quickly to more
recrystallization or what we need than its
material is cooling quickly according for what
the material we need.

Quenching media for Surface Hardening
Brine (water and salt solution)
Water
Oil
Air
Turn off furnace
Flame Hardening ( Torch Hardening)
Gas flames raise the
temperature of the
outer surface above
the upper critical
temp. The core will
heat by conduction.
Water jets quench the
component.

Flame Hardening
Induction hardening
Induced eddy
currents heat the
surface of the steel
very quickly and is
quickly followed by
jets of water to
quench the
component.
A hard outer layer is
created with a soft
core. The slideways
on a lathe are indu
ction hardened.
Carburizing

Pack carburising
The component is packed
surrounded by a carbon-rich
compound and placed in the
furnace at 900 degrees.
Over a period of time carbon
will diffuse into the surface of
the metal.
The longer left in the furnace,
the greater the depth of hard
carbon skin. Grain refining is
necessary in order to prevent
cracking.
Salt bath carburising. A molten salt bath (sodium
cyanide, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride) has
the object immersed at 900 degrees for an hour
giving a thin carbon case when quenched.
Gas carburising. The object is placed in a sealed
furnace with carbon monoxide allowing for fine
control of the process.
Nitriding. Nitrides are formed on a metal surface in a
furnace with ammonia gas circulating at 500 degrees
over a long period of time (100 hours). It is used for
finished components.

Aplication of Materials:
Automobile: oil pump gear, drive worm screw,
brake cam, speed box gear
Motor cycle: gears, shaft, pin
Thank You for Your Attention