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Describe the functions of a vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) cluster. Explain the benefits of Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) Create A DRS cluster. View information about A DRS cluster. Remove a host from a cluster.
Describe the functions of a vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) cluster. Explain the benefits of Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) Create A DRS cluster. View information about A DRS cluster. Remove a host from a cluster.
Describe the functions of a vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) cluster. Explain the benefits of Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC) Create A DRS cluster. View information about A DRS cluster. Remove a host from a cluster.
Scalability Module 12 12-2 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved You Are Here Course Introduction Introduction to Virtualization Virtual Machines VMware vCenter Server Configure and Manage Virtual Networks Configure and Manage Virtual Storage Managing Virtual Machines Data Protection Access & Authentication Control Resource Management and Monitoring High Availability Scalability Patch Management Installing vSphere Components VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A 12-3 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Importance VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A As you scale your VMware vSphere environment, you need to be aware of the vSphere features and functions that will help you manage your growing environment. 12-4 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Learner Objectives After this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe the functions of a vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) cluster. Explain the benefits of Enhanced vMotion Compatibility (EVC). Create a DRS cluster. View information about a DRS cluster. Remove a host from a DRS cluster.
VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A 12-5 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved What Is a Cluster? VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A A cluster is a collection of VMware ESXi hosts and associated virtual machines with vSphere High Availability and vSphere Distributed Resource Scheduler (DRS) enabled. A DRS cluster is managed by VMware vCenter Server and has these resource management capabilities: Initial placement Load balancing Power management cluster 12-6 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved What is Storage DRS? VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Storage DRS is used to automatically load balance across multiple datastores. Datastores are grouped. Performs automatic placement of virtual machines upon creation. Storage DRS runs infrequently and does analysis to determine long term load balancing. Storage DRS does not use real-time latency to calculate load balancing. I/O load history is checked once every 8 hours. Storage DRS requires that Storage I/O Control be enabled on all the datastores. 12-7 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Prerequisites VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A DRS works best if the virtual machines meet VMware vSphere vMotion migration requirements. To use DRS for load balancing, the hosts in the cluster must be part of a vMotion migration network. If not, DRS can still make initial placement recommendations. To use shared storage, configure all hosts in the cluster. Volumes must be accessible by all hosts. Volumes must be large enough to store all virtual disks for your virtual machine. 12-8 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: Automation Level VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Automation level Initial VM placement Dynamic balancing Manual Manual Manual Partially automated Automatic Manual Fully automated Automatic Automatic Configure automation level for initial placement of virtual machines and dynamic balancing while virtual machines are running. Migration threshold determines how quickly virtual machines are migrated. 12-9 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: EVC VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A EVC is a cluster feature that prevents vMotion migrations from failing because of incompatible CPUs. 12-10 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved CPU Baselines for an EVC Cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A EVC works at the cluster level, using CPU baselines to configure all processors included in the cluster enabled for EVC. cluster enabled for EVC CPU baseline feature set A baseline is a set of CPU features supported by every host in the cluster. CPUID CPUID CPUID CPUID X X X K 12-11 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved EVC Cluster Requirements VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A All hosts in the cluster must meet the following requirements: Use CPUs from a single vendor (either Intel or AMD) Use Intel CPUs with Core 2 micro architecture and newer Use AMD first-generation Opteron CPUs and newer Run ESX 3.5 Update 2 or later Be connected to vCenter Server Be enabled for hardware virtualization (AMD-V or Intel VT) Be enabled for execution-disable technology (AMD No eXecute (NX) or Intel eXecute Disable (XD)) Be configured for vMotion migration Applications in virtual machines must be well-behaved. 12-12 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: Swap File Location VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Store the virtual machines swap file with the virtual machine or in a specified datastore. VMware recommends that you store the swap file in the same directory as the virtual machine. 12-13 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: Affinity Rules for Virtual Machines VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Affinity rules for virtual machines specify that either selected virtual machines be placed on the same host (affinity) or on different hosts (anti-affinity). Affinity rules: Use for multivirtual machine systems where performance benefits virtual machines communicating heavily with one another. Anti-affinity rules: Use for multivirtual machine systems that load-balance or require high availability. Two rules: Keep virtual machines together Separate virtual machines 12-14 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: DRS Groups VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A A DRS group is: A group of virtual machines A group of hosts A virtual machine can belong to multiple virtual machine DRS groups. A host can belong to multiple host DRS groups. DRS groups are used in defining Virtual Machines to Hosts affinity rules. 12-15 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: Virtual Machines to Hosts Affinity Rules VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A A Virtual Machines to Hosts affinity rule: Specifies an affinity relationship between a virtual machine DRS group and a host DRS group Is either a required rule or a preferential rule Other options: Must run on hosts in group, Must Not run on hosts in group, Should Not run on hosts in group 12-16 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Virtual Machines to Hosts Affinity Rule: Preferential VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A A preferential rule is softly enforced and can be violated if necessary. Example: Separate virtual machines on different blade systems. Group A Blade Chassis A Blade Chassis B DRS cluster 12-17 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Virtual Machines to Hosts Affinity Rule: Required VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A A required rule is strictly enforced and can never be violated. Example: Enforce host-based ISV licensing. Group A ISV-licensed DRS cluster 12-18 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved DRS Cluster Settings: Automation at the Virtual Machine Level VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Optionally, set automation level per virtual machine. 12-19 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Adding a Host to a Cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A When adding a new host or moving a host into the cluster, you can keep the resource pool hierarchy of the existing host. For example, add sc-quail04 to Lab Cluster. When adding the host, choose to create a resource pool for this hosts virtual machines and resource pools. 12-20 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Viewing DRS Cluster Information VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A The cluster Summary tab also provides information specific to DRS. The View Resource Distribution Chart link displays CPU and memory utilization per host. 12-21 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Viewing DRS Recommendations VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Apply a subset of recommendations. Edit cluster properties. Refresh recommendations. Apply all recommendations. 12-22 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Monitoring Cluster Status VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A View the inventory hierarchy for the cluster state. View the clusters Tasks & Events tab for more information. 12-23 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Maintenance Mode and Standby Mode VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A To service a host in a cluster (for example, to install more memory) or remove a host from a cluster, you must place the host in maintenance mode. Virtual machines on the host should be migrated to another host or shut down. You cannot power on virtual machines or migrate virtual machines to a host entering maintenance mode. While in maintenance mode, the host does not allow you to deploy or power on a virtual machine. When a host is placed in standby mode, it is powered off. This mode is used by VMware Distributed Power Management to optimize power usage. 12-24 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Removing a Host from the DRS Cluster VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Before removing a host from a DRS cluster, consider the following issues: The resource pool hierarchy remains with the cluster. Because a host must be in maintenance mode, all virtual machines running on that host are powered off. The resources available for the cluster decrease. 12-25 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Improving Virtual Machine Performance VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Methods for improving virtual machine performance Broad Fine Use a DRS cluster. Use storage multipathing. Use NIC teaming. Modify the resource pools CPU and memory limits and reservations. Use network traffic shaping. Modify the virtual machines CPU and memory reservations. 12-26 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Using vSphere High Availability and DRS Together VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A Reasons why vSphere HA might not be able to fail over virtual machines: vSphere HA admission control is disabled Required Virtual Machines to Hosts affinity rule prevents vSphere HA from failing over. Sufficient aggregated resources exist, but they are fragmented across hosts. In such cases, vSphere HA uses DRS to try to adjust the cluster by migrating virtual machines to defragment the resources
12-27 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Lab 19 VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A In this lab, you will implement a DRS cluster. 1. Create a DRS cluster. 2. Verify proper DRS cluster functionality. 3. Create, test, and disable affinity rules. 4. Create, test, and disable anti-affinity rules. 5. Create, test, and disable virtual machine to host affinity rules. 12-28 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Review of Learner Objectives VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A You should be able to do the following: Describe the functions of a DRS cluster. Explain the benefits of EVC. Create a DRS cluster. View information about a DRS cluster. Remove a host from a DRS cluster. 12-29 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved Key Points VMware vSphere: Install, Configure, Manage Revision A DRS clusters provide automated resource management for multiple ESXi hosts.