CARBON CREDIT

A
Presentation by

Vivek Tomar
Entry no-2008jes2972

Under the supervision of

Prof Avinash Chandra
Centre for Energy Studies, IIT Delhi
INTRODUCTION
 There are Green house gases(CO2,CH4,N2O,F-gas) that
are responsible for Global warming & climate change

 During 1992 Rio Earth Submit –the United Nation Convention on

Climate Change (UNFCCC ),to which India is also a part, who
signed this agreement on 10 June 1992.
 A protocol to UNFCCC, known as Kyoto Protcol was adopted in
Dec 1997,which enjoin upon the developed country party to
reduce their GHG emission by a global average of 5.2% below
the 1990 level during 2008-12.
KYOTO PROTOCOL

The Kyoto Protocol has brought out three

mechanism for GHGs emission reduction.
They are:

1.) Joint Implementation (JI);

2.) Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
3.) International Emission Trading (IET)
The Kyoto flexible mechanism (CD4CDM, 2007).
Marginal cost of reduction in investor and host country
Registered project activites (UNFCCC, 2008d): (a) registered projects by host, total 1,077
projects; (b) registered projects by Annex I, total 1,085 projects;(c)

distribution of registered projects activites by scope, total 1,085 projects.

Methodologies 1/8

 Annual emission reduction .i.e. Certified emission reduction

(CERs),

CERs (tCO2) = (EG baseline -EG plant) EFy

EG baseline = baseline electricity generated by power grid in MWh

EG plant = electricity generated by project activity in MWh

EFy (tCO2 /MWh) =baseline emission factor of year y

Methodologies 2/8

 Baseline methodology: CDM Executive board

approved four emission factor for India.

1. Weighted average;
2. Simple operating margin;
3. Build margin;
4. Combined margin;
Methodologies 3/8

 Weighted average:- Average CO2 emitted

per unit of electricity generated in
the grid. (tCO2)/year.
Methodologies 4/8

Simple operating margin:- there emissions factor can be

calculated using either of the two following data vintages:
1. Ex ante option.
2. Ex post option.
Option A.
Methodologies 5/8

 Option B.

 Option B1.
Methodologies 6/8

 Option B2.

 Option B3.
Methodologies 7/8

 Build margin (BM):- Average emissions intensity

of the 20% most recent capacity additions in the grid
based on net generation.
Methodologies 8/8

 Combined margin (CM):- Weighted average of

the simple operating margin and the build margin.

 Wind and solar power generation project activities: wOM

= 0.75 and wBM = 0.25
Proposed plan:-
 Effect of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
on economic parameter of renewable energy
 Potential of Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
in renewable energy sector in India .
 Effect of the Clean Development Mechanism
(CDM) on renewable energy
 Effect on the Life cycle analysis of renewable
energy system
CURRENT STATUS OF CDM IN INDIA