GOOD WELD

BEAD FINISH
Module : Good Weld Bead Finish
Faculty : Course co-ordinators ( APM, MKG, JLP )
Demonstrator : Workmen from Shops
Duration : Maximum 8 Hours
Participants : Max. 06 / Module (Workmen from shops)
No. Topics Time
1 Introduction to SRMs. 30 Min.
2 Pre test 30 Min.
3 Classroom training 2.0 Hrs
4 Demonstration 1.0 Hr
5 Practical training 2.0 Hrs
6 Skill test 1.0 Hr
7 Post test and feed back 1.0 Hr
BEAD FINISH
Aesthetic Appearance
Meets The Specified
Requirement ( If Any )
Defect Free Weld
REQUIREMENT OF BEAD FINISH
Customer Audit Prior To Order
Placement
Regular Customer Visit
Global Competition
Aesthetic Look
General Acceptance
BEAD FINISH STANDARD
Defense Requirement
UW-35 OF Div-I
(As per UW-35 OF Div-I
As welded surfaces are permitted,
however, the surface of welds shall
be sufficiently free from coarse
ripples, grooves,overlaps and abrupt
ridges and valleys.)
HOW TO ACHIEVE
GOOD BEAD FINISH
Welding Parameter.
Comfortable Position.
Lower Weaving.
WELDING PROCESS & BEAD
FINISH
SAW - Generally Good
SMAW - Depends On Welder Skill
SAW (T) - Single Wire Saw On Capping
Layer Gives Good Bead Finish
GTAW-Good
BEAD FINISH AND WELD DEFECT
Undercut
Convexity And Concavity
Overlap
High Points In Restart Areas
Reentrant Angle
Inter-bead Valley
Slag And Porosity
Uneven Bead Width And Bead Height
Spatter
Straightness Of Bead
Crater
BEAD FINISH AND WELD DEFECT
BEAD FINISH AND GRINDING FOR
UT AND RT
When Grinding Is To Be Carried Out For
NDT Requirement,the Surface Shall
Smoothly Merge With The Parent Metal
Poor Bead Finish May Mislead The RT
Interpretation
Description of
Checks
Acceptance
Criteria
Not acceptable
Ref. Doc.
NTD.K.114 - 96
C1. 4.2, 6.2 & 6.4.
,pin holes
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
1. Cracks in the
seam and the
nearby region and
the nearby region,
non - penetrations,
burn through, pin
holes, swellings,
slag inclusions,
spatters lumps of
welds and Un-
welded craters
2. Porosity The weld seam is to be
inspected for presence of
pores. The following is not
acceptable & to be repaired
(a) Separate pores with
diameter greater than o.1t
min. for T min <= 20mm and
2.0 mm for t min. >20mm.
(b) More than 3 pore in a
length of 100mm with
diameter less than 0.1tmin
for t min <=20mm and less
than 2mm
WELD BEAD
REQUIREMENTS
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
3.Size of weld joints
:Leg length of welds
Reinforcement and
width

Check the leg length
with the help of
maximum and minimum
templates prepared for
the purpose.Check the
reinforcement size and
width of the weld using
dimension limiting
templates and confirm
it as per drg.

NTD.K.114-96
C1.4.2
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
4. Stray arcs and
arc strikes
Is not acceptable
and the affected
area repaired and
inspected using LPI
NTD.K.114-96
C1.4.2. & 6.2
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
5. Undercuts Undercuts in the main
metal 0.5 to 1.0mm deep
and more than 15mm
long and undercuts with
more than 1mm depth of
any length is not
acceptable The total
length of individually
accepted undercuts
should not exceed 10%
of the technologically
independent seam.
NTD.K.114
96.C1.4.2 & .DND
letter no. SD/14103
Dtd .6/10/99 -
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
6. Concavities
& scales
Concavities and scales
2mm shall be fully more
than repaired and re-
welded as required. The
concavities shall be
measured between the
peaks of the beads
NTD.K.114-
96.C1.4.2
Weld Bead Requirements
7. Bead overlap on
bead /parent metal
Inter bead valley
shall not be more
than that specified in
table 1.

NTD.K.114
96.C1.6.2.
Weld Bead Requirements
8. Tungsten
inclusion, oxidation
tints ( in case of
argon arc welding )
Not Acceptable. NTD.K.114-
96.C1.4.2,6.2 & 6.4

.
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
9.Fairing of toe of
weld to flange /
shell surface
Prepare moulds from
weld joints/model joints,
which are acceptable or
check it manually. Fairing
of the toe of weld shall be
ensured visually. Working
protocol 4098-02 dtd.
8/990
NTD.K.114-
96.C1.6.2
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
10. Broken sections/
hot take always while
removal of temporary
attachment.
Not Acceptable
SD/141006.
C1.1.6.19
WELD BEAD REQUIREMENTS
11. Presence of
annealing bead
The presence of annealing
bead is to be checked.
The annealing bead
should not touch the
parent metal.Fig.3 &3A
SD/141006
C1.2.2.9.